Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Schuster.
A survey of rare localisations of osteochondrosis juvenilis is given and illustrated by cases of Morbus Friedrich, Morbus Panner, Vertebra plana Calvé, Morbus Blount, Morbus Iselin, Morbus Hegemann and Morbus Thiemann. This is followed by discussion of etiology and differential diagnosis.
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Voiding disturbances and available radiologic examinations are reported. The importance of a correct analysis of the findings for the orthopedic, nephrologic and neurologic treatment is emphasized. Intravenous urograms and voiding cystogram are standard methods; recently ultrasound is also included in the management of children with neurogenic bladder.
A simple dose-saving procedure for the diagnosis of congenital hip dysplasia employing a diaphragm in near-focus position is presented. Doses to the skin and the gonads are measured with a phantom, comparing the new and other techniques. With optimal techniques the skin dose is smaller than 2 mR and the gonadal doses lie around 0.1 mR for both male and female patients.
A simple dose-saving procedure for the diagnosis of congenital hip dysplasia employing a diaphragm in nearfocus position is presented. Doses to the skin and the gonads were measured with a phantom for the new and other techniques. With optimal techniques the skin dose is smaller than 2 mR and the gonadal doses lie around 0.1 mR for both male and female patients. An estimate of the dose burden from undesired radiation is appended.
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Lymphangiomatosis of bone is a very rare congenital malformation of lymph vessels. So far 60 patients have been described with this disease (43 children, 17 adults). Radiologically the lymphangiomatous skeletal changes usually consist of circumscribed areas of uni- or multi-focal osteolysis. They may remain asymptomatic for years; in a few cases intrathoracic chylous effusions or pathological fractures have occurred. The protean radiological appearances of bone lymphangiomatosis are illustrated by four children. The differential diagnosis is discussed in detail.
A report is given on a special unit for use with an X-ray television chain, which permits the immediate reproduction of views stored during fluoroscopy, and thus speeds up the establishment of a reliable diagnosis. The stored images are also available during the examination. They clearly show whether the phases of functional processes needed for assessment purposes are actually represented. The result is that additional radiography is avoided, the patient subjected to less exposure the examination procedure shortened. A comparison with the corresponding 100 mm image intensifier views in clinical examples shows that the quality of the stored image is completely adequate for the establishment of the diagnosis.
1. The content of mucilaginous substances, respectively the capacity to swell is primarily a characteristic specific for the variety. 2. Ecologically very different growth locations also have a marked influence, so that appreciable quality differences depending on origin mayorise. 3. From the positive correlation between sedimentation value and alcohol soluble fraction of protein it can be concluded that the swelling capability is not only influenced by the soluble pentosans but also by the protein composition.
A total of 1612 seven- to sixteen-year-olds of both sexes were included in a study of which the purpose was to determine whether different concentrations of magnesium and calcium, respectively, in the drinking water (Ore Mountains) have any effects upon the mottling of the enamel of permanent incisors. It was not possible to determine an epidemiological relationship, but what could be reconfirmed was that the incidence and intensity of mottled teeth correspond with the drinking water fluorine level.
The article reports radiological appearance and histopathological findings of interstitial pneumonias in 58 children with systemic malignancies under cytostatic treatment. The majority of cases suffered from acute lymphocytic leukemia, and at the time of pneumonia were in partial or complete remission. Eighteen children died of this radiological type of pneumonia. The autopsies of these cases revealed the presence of pneumocystis as the causative agent in 50% of the cases, also observed by other authors. It is concluded that the radiological appearance, as reported here is mostly due to pneumocystic pneumonias. It is therefore suggested that Pentamidine treatment should be given at an early stage. The cytostatic treatment should be discontinued till the pneumonia is completely cured.
Internal jugular vein puncture is suggested to be the safest route for placement of central venous catheter. One advantage is the lack of ensuing thrombosis. However, the case described demonstrates the occurrence of this complication. A 72-year old female developed severe thrombosis of the vena cava superior 5 days after placement of an internal jugular vein catheter. Thrombectomy was successfully performed during extracorporal circulation.
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Roentgen diagnosis in children with urological disease are of special interest in pediatric radiology. These examinations are more frequent than those of the gastrointestinal tract. Voiding cystourethrography is an important diagnostic procedure in chronic relapsing urinary infections. Indications and performance of voiding cystourethrographies in children is described. All precautions reducing x-ray exposure have to be taken into consideration. New technical standards enhance higher accuracy in diagnosis at lowest x-ray exposure to the patients.
New possible interactions of vitamin D and its derivates are discussed with reference to metabolism of calcium and phosphorous and its effects on the skeletal system. The degree of osteoporosis and osteomalacia determined only by means of roentgenology depends on subjective factors. A survey is presented about objective determination which includes skeletal mineral content by radiology and nuclear medicine examination. Following a survey of our own investigative methods and results the follow-ups in various forms of vitamin D refractory rickets are reported.
Clinical signs and roentgenologic alterations are important for classification of congenital skeletal dysplasis. It is summarized which skeletal parts are most important for the roentgenographic determination of bone dysplasia. A minimal survey includes films of the vertebral column (lateral projection of the pelvis, hand, knee and skull (lateral projection). A schematic presentation demonstrates the vertebral column lesions in the most important congenital skeletal dysplasias.