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Biomedical subjects

W Schumer

Publications and source records attributed to W Schumer.

113 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of pharmacologic agents on tissue metabolism in circulatory shock.

Our research activities have been oriented to the effect of pharmacologic agents on tissue metabolism in the low flow state of circulatory shock. Specifically, we have been most interested in the effect of glucocorticoids on cellular metabolism because these agents exert a reproducible protective effect during septic and endotoxic shock in rats and monkeys. Further, we have studied the differences between untreated animals in shock and those treated with pharmacologic agents in an attempt to determine which cellular metabolic changes are critical to survival. This paper will present our studies as well as those of other laboratories, which have defined the effects on tissue metabolism of certain pharmacologic agents: those which stimulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) (epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, and prostaglandin) and those which do not (the glucocorticoids).

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism during shock and sepsis.

The shock-induced changes in the cells of both peripheral tissues and vital organs apparently occur mainly in the energy pathways. The normal flow of these pathways is inhibited by the lack of oxygen; and both this anoxia and the consequent energy deficit inhibit the function of membranes. As a result, the active transport of gluconeogenic substrates, such as glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid, is blocked; this allows potassium efflux and sodium influx. Gluconeogenesis is inhibited either by a direct effect of endotoxin on the gluconeogenic enzymes or by the lack of ATP. Prolonged anoxia interferes with the oxidation of pyruvate and increases the intracellular and extracellular levels of lactate. The intracellular acidosis or the direct effect of endotoxin on the membranes finally causes the permeability or lysis of cellular and lysosomal membranes. Lysosomal hydrolases have been implicated in the cellular pathology of shock, the production of MDF, and the adverse effects on endothelial cells of the vascular system. Further ATP deficiency may alter protein biosynthesis.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗