Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Schober.
A derivate of gamma-aminobutyric acid was found to have a favourable therapeutic effect in patients with forced weeping (weeping sickness). All 10 treated cases were shown to have motor neuron lesions resulting from other cerebral changer (cerebrovascular accident, brain atrophy, diffuse vascular changes).
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There was investigated the connection of the mesencephalic reticular formation (Area cuneiformis) with subcortical structures of the visual system. After coagulation of the reticular formation we studied the connections by degeneration and enzymhistochemistric methods. Terminal degeneration in different intensity was observed in the ventral part of the lateral geniculate in the nucleus lateralis posterior, the pretectal region and in the lower laminae (IV ... VII) of the superior colliculus. The findings are mainly ipsilateral. A direct projection to the dorsal part of the lateral geniculate could not be observed. By enzymhistochemic methods we localized the AchE intracellular in the rostral part of the area cuneiformis. After destruction of this area there was observed a clear diminishing of the AchE activity in the ventral lateral geniculate and in the area pretectalis. These results were confirmed by biochemical methods.
Lioresal is a very effective compound in treatment of the neurogenic uninhibited bladder due to spinal cord lesions. It does not decrease, however, bladder spasms due to cerebral lesions. In detrusor-sphincter externus dyssynergia as frequently encountered in discreet spinal lesions Lioresal restores the normal reciprocal innervation of bladder and sphincter externus again. This effect is demonstrated electromyographically. Lioresal is of no effect on the normal bladder. Bladder capacity and micturition reflex before and after Lioresal therapy are unchanged.
1. We have studied by silver degeneration methods in transversal and horizontal brain series the pathways and the terminal nuclei of the primary optic system in albino and pigmented rats. 2. About 90% of the retinal axons are crossing in the Chiasma opticum. Differences between albino and pigmented rats are small. At the level of the lateral geniculate body (l.g.b.) the axons ramify. One branch is going in the optic tract or in the transversalsystem to the pretectum and tectum. The other branch goes as a collateral in the longitudinal system of the dorsal l.g.b. and ends here. 3. The optic fibers project--especially contralateral--to the following nuclei: veutral l.g.b. (lateral half), dorsal l.g.b., nucleus of the optic tract, Nc. olivaris praetectalis, Ncc. praetectales anterior et posterior and superior colliculus (laminae I-III). In the nuclei of the pretectal region are ipsilateral only a few degenerating fibers. 4. Especially in the dorsal l.g.b. but also in the superior colliculus the pigmented rats show ipsilateral an larger retinal input. 5. The ipsilateral fibers project to a special region in the dorsal l.g.b. This region is also innervated by contralateral axons. 6. In both the albino and pigmented rats the dorsal l.g.b. shows no lamination in the cytoarchitectonical picture and the ipsi- and contralateral input regions overlap. Therefore in the rat we can not speak from a laminated dorsal l.g.b. We have here--prepoperantly functional caused--a simple form of l.g.b. 7. The accessory optic system is only decussated. It includes the Fasciculus inferior tr. opt. accessorius, who projects only and direct to the median terminal nucleus and the Fasciculus superior tr. opticus accessorius. The last goes off from the optic tract at the level of the pretectal region and innervates all the 3 accessory optic nuclei. 8. In a few preparates we found references for a direct retino-hypothalamic connection (Nc. suprachiasmaticus and Nc. arcuatus hypothalami).
In the present investigation the visual cortex of the albino rat was analyzed. On the basis of cytoarchitectonic criterions we can demarced the area striata (field 17) from a medial (field 18) and lateral (field 18a) lying peristriatic area. There are differences in the cortical structure not only between the striate and peristriate areae but also between field 18 and field 18a. In this publication we also present the visual cortex in stereotaxic coordinates on the basis of the stereotaxic atlas of FIFKOVA and MARSALA. Stereotaxic informations belonging the different fields of the visual cortex of the rat are not yet known, but they are very helpful for experimental investigations in this region of the brain.
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