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Biomedical subjects

W Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to W Schmidt.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Decrease of glucose-induced insulin secretion of pancreatic rat islets after irradiation in vitro.

Irradiation of pancreatic rat islets up to a dose of 2.5 Gy did neither alter glucose-nor IBMX-induced insulin secretion studied in vitro. The insulin as well as glucagon content of irradiated islets were similar as in the control tissue. This was also true in islets irradiated with 25 Gy which were characterized by a decreased insulin secretion in the presence of glucose and IBMX, respectively. Since we did not find indications of an enhanced hormone output in the radiation medium, we want to suggest that higher irradiation doses affect insulin release of pancreatic islets in vitro. This observation has to be taken into account for application of radioimmunosuppression for transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Fetal motor activity and acceleration in the cardiotocogram].

The results of the concomitant monitoring of the fetal heart rate and the total fetal movement activity by two ultrasound monitors are reported. In 111 patients from 26 weeks gestation to term the cardiotocogram and the fetal movement activity were at the same time monitored with two ultrasound monitors. In total 453 fetal heart rate accelerations of more than 15 beats per minute and more than 15 seconds duration were found in all cardiotocograms. The most frequent finding with an acceleration of the fetal heart rate were fetal body movements with or without movements of the extremities in 71% of the fetal heart rate accelerations. In 18% of the fetal heart rate accelerations movements of the fetal extremities were found by ultrasonography. In 7% of the fetal heart rate accelerations, fetal respiratory movements or contractions were found without fetal body movements. 4% of the fetal heart rate accelerations occurred without sonographically or topographically recognizable cause. In all ultrasonographically recognized fetal movements of the body and/or the extremities the fetal heart rate accelerations occurred in 28% of the cases. The most frequent findings were movements of the fetal body with or without movements of the fetal extremities in 48% of the fetal heart rate accelerations. In isolated movements of the fetal extremeties the fetal heart rate was only accelerated in 11% of the cases.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Detection of fetal movements in the tocogram].

The total fetal movement activity was determined in 111 pregnant patients from 24 weeks to 42 weeks by simultaneous real-time ultrasonography and tocodynamometry. A comparison of the methods of investigation showed that tocodynamometry only detects 37% of all fetal movements with or without movements of the extremities. Movements of the extremities were only recorded in 14% of the cases. A total of only 25% of all fetal movements showed "spikes" in the tocogram. Of all the recorded spikes only 56% corresponded to a fetal movement, whereas 44% of the spikes in the tocogram were false-positive. These data demonstrate that routine clinical cardiotocography has a limited value only in the monitoring of fetal movement activity.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Ectopic pregnancy--significance of serum human chorionic beta gonadotropins and beta-1-glycoprotein (SP1) determination].

In 83 patients with an ectopic pregnancy the serum levels of HCG and the pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein SP-1 were determined. In addition the serum levels of 25 patients with a nonviable pregnancy and 26 non-pregnant patients were determined. The radio-immunologic beta HCG and SP-1 tests and the enzyme immunologic Sp-1 test were used. The radio-immune assay of beta HCG diagnosed 96% of all cases with an ectopic pregnancy. The enzyme and radio-immunologic SP-1 tests failed to diagnose the ectopic pregnancy in 5 of 83 cases (6%) by the Elisa test and in 3 of 83 cases (4%) by the RIA test. The lower limit of diagnosis of pregnancy was considered to be 1.8 micrograms SP-1/1. The concomitant determination of the beta HCG and the SP-1 level permits the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in all cases. The main advantage of the enzyme immunologic determination compared to the radio-immunologic determination is at present the materially shorter time factor of the test and the fact that an isotope laboratory is not necessary.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1983

[Premature fetal membrane rupture: report of a case of severe intrauterine fungal infection].

A case of extremely rare intra-uterine candida infection is reported following premature rupture of the membranes. The diagnostic possibilities by transabdominal amniocentesis and determination of the causative organism in the amniotic fluid are presented. Even systemic antimykotic treatment is not capable of treating intra-uterine candidiasis sufficiently. This is proved among other parameters by the concentration of miconazol in the amniotic fluid and in the plasma of the newborn.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Is lysolecithin an in vivo constituent of chromaffin granules?

It was recently claimed that lysolecithin (lysophosphatidylcholine) in chromaffin granules is a post-mortem artefact. We have, therefore, determined catecholamine/lysolecithin ratios in adrenal tissues and isolated chromaffin granules. In rat adrenals and bovine medulla the ratios in both tissues and granules were similar. This indicates that even in rapidly frozen rat adrenal glands, sufficient lysolecithin is present in the total tissue to account for its presence in isolated organelles. Owing to the high cortex/medulla ratios such studies cannot be performed with guinea pig or rabbit adrenals. However, isolated chromaffin granules from guinea pig, in contrast to a previous study, do contain lysolecithin. We conclude that lysolecithin is an in vivo constituent of chromaffin granules of all species so far investigated.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1983

The effect of irradiation on the development of low-dose streptozotocin diabetes in mice.

The effect of single-dose whole-body irradiation (6.0 Gy) on the development of low-dose streptozotocin diabetes in male C57 Bl/KsJ-mice was investigated. When irradiation precedes the SZ application the development of hyperglycemia could be prevented. Irradiation after SZ injections at the time of appearance hyperglycemia did not interfere with the onset of diabetes. The results underline the participation of radiosensitive immune cells as an etiologic factor of low-dose SZ diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in siderocirrhosis].

A case report is given of a patient with liver cirrhosis caused by hemosiderosis, who developed liver carcinoma. In such patients liver carcinoma can only be excluded by means of peritoneoscopy. Sonography, computer tomography and laboratory findings will not allow to make the correct diagnosis, because of the particular nature of liver changes in hemosiderosis of the liver, as can be seen in our case. Thus none of the non-invasive procedures mentioned above are suited for early diagnosis of malignant liver disease because of the special morphological features in hemosiderosis of the liver.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

Levamisole therapy in chronic hepatitis--results of a multicentric double blind trial.

The effectiveness of levamisole in the immunmodulatory treatment of chronic hepatitis was assessed in a multicentric double blind trial. Twenty patients received in the first week 50 mg, in the second 100 mg and thereafter 150 mg, levamisole on two days every week for 6 months, 20 others received a placebo. Five patients dropped out (non-compliance 1, pregnancy 1, adverse effects 3). The diagnoses were confirmed by clinical, biochemical immunological and histological data. After 6 months 26 subjects allowed us to take a control liver biopsy. The results showed that the rate of improved, unchanged and impaired cases was not significantly different in the levamisole and placebo groups. No correlation was found between etiology, activity or histological type of chronic hepatitis, skin test reactivity (DNCB, PPD, Streptokinase) and therapeutic effect, respectively. Clinical improvement was not associated with the elimination of HBs antigen. In general levamisole was well tolerated, but we saw one case of severe agranulocytosis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonic diagnosis of malignant and benign human breast lesions.

Since 1979 445 ultrasound examinations of the breast have been performed. Histological examinations took place in 268 cases. There were 91 patients with 97 carcinomas (5 patients had multicentric carcinomas). In every case x-ray mammography preceded ultrasound examination. The over-all detection rate of malignant breast lesions was 90% by ultrasound examination and corresponded well to the x-ray mammographic findings with 93%. However, false positive results were obtained in 28% of the patients on the basis of sonographic examination. Cysts--with an incidence of 12% in all benign changes in this study--were always correctly diagnosed by ultrasonography. According to these results ultrasonography of the breast may be considered a meaningful additional method to preoperative examination.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Membrane events in adrenal chromaffin cells during exocytosis: a freeze-etching analysis after rapid cryofixation.

Catecholamine-storing chromaffin cells, isolated from bovine adrenal medullae by collagenase digestion, were stimulated with carbachol at 37 degrees C; aliquots for controls were kept at 37 degrees C: Starting from this temperature, cells were ultrarapidly frozen with the use of a sandwich-propane-jet procedure and freeze-fractured. The replicas were analysed quantitatively for exocytotic activity: After stimulation the cell membrane displayed a significant increase of exo-endocytotic openings varying in size from 20 to 300 nm. The number of openings increased in parallel to the catecholamine output. At no stage could a clearing of membrane-intercalated particles (MIPs) be observed. Openings of all size classes were etchable. Results from the PF-face were comparable with those of the EF-face. We conclude that (i) exocytosis in isolated chromaffin cells starts as a focal event; the smallest possible stages are about 10 nm in size, (ii) fusion proceeds without previous rearrangement of MIPs, and (iii) the opening starts without formation of a diaphragm.

Adrenal Medulla↗