A 30-minute in-office indirect composite inlay technique.
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Cementation↗
Biomedical subjects
W Scherer
Publications and source records attributed to W Scherer.
Clinical efficacy of an herbal toothpaste.
The purpose of this three-month, double-blind, parallel-design clinical study was to compare the efficacy of two commercially available dentifrices, Herbal Toothpaste and Gum Therapy and Colgate Total, in controlling gingivitis, gingival bleeding, plaque and stain. Forty healthy adult volunteers from the Junior Comprehensive Care Clinics at New York University College of Dentistry were accepted as subjects for this clinical trial. To be eligible for a baseline clinical examination, subjects had to first indicate that during the previous six months they habitually brushed their teeth two or more times per day, and had noticed "bleeding gums" or "blood in the toothpaste" after brushing or flossing their teeth. At the baseline examination, subjects were enrolled in the study if they had at least five Löe-Silness gingival bleeding sites and 20 natural teeth, including all anterior teeth and four molars. An independent t-test before treatment indicated that there were no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. A one-way Analysis of Variance indicated that both dentifrices had a significant effect on gingivitis, gingival bleeding, plaque, and dental stain (p < 0.05). No significant statistical differences were observed between Herbal Toothpaste and Gum Therapy and Colgate Total for gingivitis or gingival bleeding. Herbal Toothpaste and Gum Therapy produced statistically significant differences in reducing plaque and stain relative to Colgate Total (p < 0.05). The results obtained in this study support the clinical efficacy of both products in reducing gingivitis and plaque, and demonstrate the efficacy of Herbal Toothpaste and Gum Therapy in maintaining reductions of plaque and stain.
Adult↗
An in vivo comparison of the antimicrobial activities of three mouthrinses.
The purpose of this in vivo study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of three commercial mouthrinses and a water control. The antimicrobial efficacy of the products was determined against aerobic, micro-aerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria. Twenty human subjects participated in this study. At each experimental session for a given subject, a pre-test saliva sample was taken. This sample was divided and used to grow three bacteria cultures under the different incubation environments. After giving the pre-test sample, the subject rinsed with one of the mouthrinses or the water control for 30 seconds, then waited one hour, at which time a post-test saliva sample was collected. Again, the sample was divided and used to culture the different types of bacteria. Following a 48-hour incubation period, the numbers of microbial colonies on each plate were counted and compared. The results indicated that all of the mouthrinses tested performed significantly better than the water control. Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy and Peridex did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in inhibiting aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria. Both Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy and Peridex were significantly more effective than Listerine in inhibiting the three different types of bacteria.
Adult↗
An in vitro investigation of the antimicrobial activity of an herbal mouthrinse.
The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of one prescription and two commercially available over-the-counter mouthrinses and positive and negative controls against bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity. The bacteria used in this study were Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and Actinomyces viscosus. Sterile discs which were treated with the mouthrinses were placed on agar plates along with the controls. Zones of microbial inhibition were measured in millimeters after 48 hours. The results indicated that all of the mouthrinses demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the bacteria tested. Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy mouthrinse, containing natural ingredients, produced the largest zones of microbial inhibition when compared to Listerine against all three of the bacteria tested. Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy mouthrinse produced larger zones of microbial inhibition when compared to Peridex against two of the three bacteria tested, and produced similar zones of inhibition against the third bacteria.
Actinomyces viscosus↗
The ability of an herbal mouthrinse to reduce gingival bleeding.
Forty healthy adult volunteers from the Junior Comprehensive Care Clinics at New York University College of Dentistry were accepted as subjects for this three-month, examiner-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. To be eligible for a baseline clinical examination, subjects had to first indicate that during the previous six months they habitually brushed their teeth two or more times per day and had noticed "bleeding gums" or "blood in the toothpaste" after brushing or after flossing their teeth. At the baseline examination, subjects were enrolled in the study if they were found to have at least five Löe-Silness gingival bleeding sites and 20 natural teeth, including four molars. Subjects were assigned to one of the two following treatment groups: 1) Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy; or 2) Control (distilled water and dye). Subjects were instructed to clean their teeth in their usual manner, not to use any other mouthrinses or oral irrigation products for the duration of the study. Subjects were to return for clinical examinations after three months of product use. At these examinations, gingivitis and gingival bleeding scores were recorded. An independent t-test before treatment indicated that there were no significant differences between the baseline evaluations of the two groups in the study. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparing gingivitis and bleeding scores from baseline and three months with the baseline scores as a covariate, indicated that Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy produced a statistically significant effect (p < 0.01) on both parameters relative to the control mouthrinse. The results of this study support the clinical efficacy of Herbal Mouth and Gum Therapy in reducing gingivitis and gingival bleeding.
Adult↗
A technique for bleaching nonvital teeth: inside/outside bleaching.
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Carbamide Peroxide↗
The use of a resin ionomer in the regenerative treatment of an interproximal lesion: a case report.
This article documents the clinical observations made in the course of a surgical procedure in which a resin ionomer was used as a barrier for guided tissue regeneration. The results indicate that this material appears to demonstrate potential in such procedures.
Adult↗
Effective tooth bleaching in 5 days: using a combined in-office and at-home bleaching system.
This article compares the bleaching efficacy of a combined at-home and in-office system with that of an in-office system alone. Twenty people participated in the study. Ten of these participants were treated with an in-office 35% carbamide peroxide bleaching product in 2 visits of 15 minutes each. The remaining participants were treated with a combination at-home and in-office system that included a 15% carbamide peroxide at-home bleaching agent. After 5 days of treatment, the participants using the combination system demonstrated increased tooth whitening compared to those using the in-office system alone. Based on the sample size (20 patients), statistical significance was achieved.
Adolescent↗
Repairing porcelain restorations intraorally: techniques and materials.
Ceramic and metal-ceramic restorations have the potential to fracture. Repairing porcelain restorations has become a serious cosmetic and clinical problem. By using porcelain-repair systems, porcelain fractures can be predictably fixed without removal of a prosthesis. The newest porcelain-repair systems show excellent durability of adhesion as well as bond strength. This article presents an overview of the techniques and materials and compares the four most-popular intraoral porcelain-repair systems.
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
[Dynamic in vivo measurements of local pressure of compression stockings with a microprobe].
Conservative treatment of chronic venous incompetence is based on compression therapy, Carried out correctly, compression therapy improves the venous return from the legs, and also relieves cutaneous congestion. These positive haemodynamic effects are, however, only obtained when the pressure exerted by the compression stocking remains within the desired therapeutic range, not only at rest, i.e. while the patient is seated or reclining, but also during exertion while the patient is standing or walking, furthermore, the pressure exerted must decrease continuously from the tips of the toes to the trunk. Using the dynamic pressure monitoring system described here, the pressure exerted by the compression stocking can be measured continuously between the stocking and the skin at any desired site. The main component of the new microprocessor-based system is a microtip probe for measuring piezoresistance. The probe has an integrated signal filter and is connected to peripheral equipment which records the measured data. The technical design of the system makes it possible accurately to record dynamic measurements of the pressure exerted by compression materials in vivo. This measuring system represents a major step forward in understanding the dynamics of compression during locomotion in vivo, and towards optimizing modern compression therapy.
Bandages↗
Using a resin-ionomer in guided tissue regenerative procedures: technique and application--case reports.
The purpose of these case reports is to introduce a potential use for a resin-ionomer in guided tissue regeneration. The resin-ionomer is used in a two-fold manner (1) to lute an e-PTFE membrane in place in furcation defects and (2) to act as a barrier itself in furcation and infrabony defects. Clinical observations made in this report indicate that a resin-ionomer barrier may be placed subgingivally without sutures. In addition, the resin-ionomer, given its ability to release fluoride, may serve as a delivery system for local antimicrobial therapy during the initial stages of wound healing. Further studies should be conducted in order to evaluate the potential of the resin-ionomer for the uses described in this article.
Glass Ionomer Cements↗
Root surface biomodification using a dentin bonding conditioner.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to compare by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the surfaces of roots treated with a dentin conditioning agent and other materials that have been used routinely in periodontal therapy for root surface demineralization, namely, citric acid and tetracycline hydrochloride. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen freshly extracted human teeth were randomly divided into four equal groups; each tooth was hand scaled and planed prior to root surface conditioning with citric acid, tetracycline hydrochloride, and a dentin bonding conditioner; Tenure Dentin Conditioner (DenMat Corporation, Santa Maria, CA). The last has been used previously in conjunction with a resin-ionomer barrier in cases involving guided tissue regeneration. Root specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopy and representative micrographs were taken at 1000x and 2000x. RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that there are morphological similarities between surfaces obtained with the dentin conditioning agent and the other acidic materials that are used routinely in periodontal regenerative therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Root surface demineralization has been shown to remove the smear layer, and provides a surface which is conductive to mechanical adhesion and cellular mechanisms for growth and attachment.
Acid Etching, Dental↗
The use of a resin-ionomer in varying restorative procedures: case reports.
UNLABELLED: The purpose of this paper is to describe the subgingival placement of a resin-ionomer for several restorative procedures, namely, root resorption, endodontic perforation, and root fracture. After endodontic therapy, a combination scallop flap (in attached gingiva)-full thickness flap (at affected tooth only) was raised to gain access to the lesion and root defect. The root defects were prepared with ultra-sonic instruments under an operating microscope and the preparations treated with Tenure Dentin Conditioner (DenMat Corporation, Santa Maria, CA). The preparations were washed and lightly air-dried, and the Tenure All-Purpose Bonding System (Den Mat Corporation, Santa Maria, CA) was placed in the prepared areas. Geristore resin-ionomer (DenMat Corporation, Santa Maria, CA) was then syringed into the preparations and either light-activated or allowed to undergo a chemical set. Once set, the material was finished with fine diamonds under water spray. The flap was then sutured to place with Gore-Tex sutures when a non-resorbable Gore-Tex membrane (Gore Corporation, Flagstaff, AZ) was used or 4-0 nylon sutures when resorbable Guidor membranes (Butler Company, Bensenville, IL) were used. The sutures were removed after two days. The patients were observed weekly for the first month and then monthly until released. No untoward effects have been observed during the time frame of this project. All of the cases have been responding satisfactorily. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The cases presented indicate that a resin ionomer, Geristore, may be used as a subgingival restorative, and may be placed in lesions thought to be unrestorable. Thus, teeth may be saved that were previously designated to be extracted.
Drug Evaluation↗
Superconvergent perturbation method in quantum mechanics.
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Journal Article↗
Removal of enamel surface stains with at-home vital bleaching.
PURPOSE: To report the results obtained with an at-home bleaching product in the removal of enamel surface stains. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An individualized vacuum-formed mouthguard was fabricated and scalloped so that the terminal portion of the mouthguard ended approximately 1.0 mm from the gingiva. The patient was instructed to brush his teeth with Rembrandt Whitening Toothpaste prior to and after using the Rembrandt Gel Plus bleaching gel. In addition, the patient was informed as to the proper method of placing the gel in the mouthguard, and inserting the mouthguard into his mouth. The mouthguard was to be worn for 2-3 hours a day for a 2-week period. RESULTS: At the end of 2 weeks, the enamel surface stains were removed through the bleaching process.
Adult↗
Use of a resin-ionomer in guided tissue regeneration: case reports.
The cases presented in this report illustrate: (1) the potential for a fluoride-releasing resin-ionomer (Geristore) to be used as a sealant between an e-PTFE membrane (Gore-Tex) and tooth structure during a guided tissue regeneration, and (2) the potential for a resin-ionomer to function as a barrier in guided tissue regeneration. In the first case, the e-PTFE membrane was trimmed to only cover the area to be treated prior to its placement over the lesion. The resin-ionomer was mixed following manufacturers specifications, placed on four corners of the pre-trimmed membrane and luted into place. In the second case, the resin-ionomer alone was placed over the lesion, teased off the lesion with a curette while in a semi-set state, and luted into place with freshly mixed material after it set completely. These cases provide preliminary clinical evidence that a resin-ionomer may be used subgingivally for guided tissue regeneration.
Adult↗
Alcohol-containing mouthwashes: effect on composite hardness.
This study evaluated the effects of alcohol-containing mouthwashes on composite resin hardness. Eighty hybrid composite discs were fabricated and divided into eight equal groups: Listerine, Scope, Viadent, Plax, Lavoris, Clear Choice, and Rembrandt Mouth Refreshing Rinse. Water acted as a control. All of the discs were immersed by group in their respective liquids for two minutes a day over a period of six months. Disc hardness was measured six times at the center and periphery using a Barcol impressor. The baseline values were taken for each disc and compared to the test values at the end of six months. The results of the study indicate that the alcohol content in mouthwashes can affect composite hardness. This softening affect can be directly related to the percentage of alcohol in the mouthwash.
Analysis of Variance↗
An in vivo comparison of antimicrobial activities of four commercial mouthwashes.
The purpose of this in vivo double-blind study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial effectiveness of four commercial over-the-counter mouthwashes and a water control. Two of the products tested contained alcohol (Listerine and Scope) and two products were alcohol-free (Rembrandt Mouth Refreshing Rincs and Clear Choice). The antimicrobial efficacy of the products was determined against aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria in saliva. Thirty human subjects participated in the study. At each experimental session for a given subject, a pretest saliva sample was taken. This sample was divided and used to grow three bacteria cultures under the different incubation environments. After giving the pretest sample, the subject rinsed with one of the commercial mouthwashes or the water control for 30 seconds, then waited one hour at which time a posttest saliva sample was collected. Again, the sample was divided and used to culture the different type of bacteria. Following a 48-hour incubation period, the numbers of microbial colonies on each plate were counted and compared. The results indicated that all of the mouthwashes tested performed significantly better than the water control. Both of the non-alcohol-containing products showed efficacy in inhibiting aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria. Rembrandt Mouth Refreshing Rinse and Listerine inhibited all three types of bacteria, and were not significantly different from each other in efficacy. The Rembrandt mouth wash inhibited all three types of bacteria more effectively than Clear Choice mouthwash, and inhibited two of the three types of bacteria more effectively than Scope mouthwash.
Analysis of Variance↗