Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Rubin

Publications and source records attributed to W Rubin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

A fine structural characterization of the proliferated endocrine cells in atrophic gastric mucosa.

This study shows that most of the proliferated endocrine cells in nonintestinalized epithelium in the body of stomachs in patients with pernicious anemia have the fine structure of ECL (enterochromaffin-like) cells, the principal endocrine cell in the body of normal stomachs, and notes an absence of G (gastrin) cells, the principal endocrine cell in the normal pylorus. Since gastrin has been identified in many of these proliferated cells by immunofluorescence, these findings question the position that gastrin synthesis in the stomach is only associated with G cells.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1971

Electron microscope radioautographic identification of serotonin-synthesizing cells in the mouse gastric mucosa.

This study correlates the fine structure of mouse gastric endocrine cells with their ability to synthesize serotonin (5-HT) from 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). Mice were sacrificed 2 hr after the intravenous injection of 5-HTP-(3)H or 5-HT-(3)H. Their stomachs were processed for light- and electron microscope radioautography in a manner which retained labeled 5-HT while washing out other labeled substances. Stomachs from additional mice were incubated in vitro with 5-HT-(3)H and processed similarly. All morphologic types of mouse gastric endocrine cells exhibited a similar facility to incorporate exogenous 5-HTP and to convert it to 5-HT which was bound intracellularly. Differences in densities of silver grains observed over endocrine cells suggested that individual endocrine cells indeed varied in their ability to synthesize and/or to bind 5-HT; such variations, however, were not reflected by differences in fine structure, with the exception that endocrine cells with few granules always contained little newly synthesized 5-HT. The newly synthesized 5-HT was associated with the intracellular granules. The gastric endocrine cells were not labeled by exogenous 5-HT-(3)H, whereas mast cells were labeled by either 5-HT-(3)H or 5-HTP-(3)H administration. The findings of the present study support the position that the gastric endocrine cells represent a single cell type, at least in respect to serotonin metabolism-that the argyrophil or argentaffin reactivity of these cells merely reflects their amine content at a given time.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1971

Celiac disease.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1970

The effect of an NADH oxidase inhibitor (hydrocortisone) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte bactericidal activity.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from patients with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood have impaired bactericidal activity and are deficient in diphosphopyridine nucleotide, reduced form of, (NADH) oxidase. Since hydrocortisone had been shown to inhibit NADH oxidation, experiments were undertaken to determine the effect of hydrocortisone on several parameters of human PMN function. The phagocytic and bactericidal capacity of PMN with or without hydrocortisone (2.1 mM) was determined by quantitation of cell-free, cell-associated, and total bacteria. Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and several gram-negative rods was unimpaired by the presence of hydrocortisone in the media. In contrast, killing of bacteria was markedly impaired by hydrocortisone. After 30 min of incubation, there were 20-400 times as many bacteria surviving in hydrocortisone-treated PMN as in simultaneously run controls without hydrocortisone. The defect of intracellular killing noted in the presence of hydrocortisone was not related to impaired degranulation. Quantitative kinetic studies of degranulation revealed no difference in the release of granule associated acid phosphatase in hydrocortisone-treated and control PMN after phagocytosis. Electron microscopy of PMN also indicated that the presence of hydrocortisone had no effect on the extent of degranulation after phagocytosis. These observations were confirmed by studies using histochemical techniques to detect lysosomal enzymes. After phagocytosis, hydrocortisone-treated PMN demonstrated less NADH oxidase activity, oxygen consumption, and hydrogen peroxide production than postphagocytic control PMN. In addition, Nitro blue tetrazolium dye reduction was diminished in hydrocortisone-treated PMN.Thus, impairment of NADH oxidase activity in normal human PMN by hydrocortisone results in reduced intracellular killing of bacteria, diminished postphagocytic oxygen consumption, decreased ability to reduce Nitro blue tetrazolium, and decreased hydrogen peroxide production. These abnormalities are similar to those seen in the PMN of patients with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1970

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗