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Biomedical subjects

W Richter

Publications and source records attributed to W Richter.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Late mucous membrane changes following exclusive radiotherapy of malignant epipharynx tumors].

Long-term modifications of the mucous membrane after exclusive radiotherapy of malignant tumors are of great interest. Sixteen patients with malignant tumors of the epipharynx could be checked up after exclusive radiotherapy. The treatment had been passed for more than five years. The examinations showed that the essential troubles, i.e. the general xerostomia was due to long-term modifications of the mucous membrane in the nose and epipharynx. The endoscopic findings and the results of histological examination of tissue specimens are reported, compared to the indications of literature, and discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Enhanced humoral immune response in rats by hyaluronic acid.

The effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) on antibody responses to egg albumin, dog albumin and birch pollen proteins, was studied in rats. The highest antibody responses to dog and egg albumin were obtained in rats immunized with a coprecipitate of the antigen with HA. However, pretreatment of rats with a subcutaneous injection of HA up to three (3) days prior to the priming injection of dog albumin also significantly enhanced the secondary antibody responses to that antigen. Possible explanations of this stimulatory effect on the humoral immune response are discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

Immunoglobulin class and subclass distribution of dextran-reactive antibodies in human reactors and non reactors to clinical dextran.

The red cell-linked antigen-antiglobulin reaction (RCLAAR) with stearoyldextran-coated erythrocytes was used to characterize the immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and IgG subclasses of dextran reactive antibodies (DRA) in 27 dextran reactors (DR) and 96 on reactors (DNR). High titres of dextran reactive IgG were regularly found in sera of patients with severe dextran-induced anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions (DIAR) prior to the infusion. In four lethal cases IgG antibodies were found to be in the highest titre range of 16,384 to 32,768. In addition, high IgA and IgM titres were also in severe DIAR. DNR had much lower titres of dextran reactive antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA classes and IgD antibody was absent in both groups. Dextran reactive IgE antibodies were not demonstrable in DR. Dextran reactive IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and IgG1 (indirect measurement) were demonstrated in both DR and FNR. Dextran infusion caused variable neutralization in all Ig classes and IgG subclasses, but the contribution of IgG2 was considered most important because of its high titres and most pronounced neutralization in severe DIAR. It is concluded that DRA mainly of the IgG class, play a critical pathogenic role in the induction of severe DIAR, which accordingly is classified as immune complex (Type III) anaphylaxis. The method of RCLAAR allows to delineate a risk group of about 2% of potential reactors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pathomechanisms of dextran-induced anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions in man.

Immune complex-mediated (type III) anaphylaxis is shown to be the pathomechanism of severe dextran-induced anaphylactic reactions in man. Mild reactions may be either antibody-dependent or not. Patients with severe reactions have regularly high titers of preformed, circulating dextran-reactive antibodies and represent a small subpopulation of high responders to dextran. Upon infusion of clinical dextran, noxious immune complexes are formed, leading to mediator release and symptoms of anaphylaxis. Consequently, application of the hapten inhibition principle is recommended for prevention of such reactions.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1982

Dextran-reactive antibodies in healthy infants and toddlers--relation to type of feeding.

The appearance of dextran-reactive antibodies (DRA) during the first 2 years of life was studied in 88 healthy newborn babies in an effort to provide information about the origin of DRA in normal persons. The results were related to type of feeding, immunizations and to blood group of infants and their mothers. No DRA were detected in cord sera by passive hemagglutination. At 3 months of age 42% had DRA, at 8 months 95% and at 27 months 84%. The latter figure corresponds to previous reports of DRA in healthy adults. Peak titers were also seen at 8 months (mean 2 log titers at 3, 8 and 27 months; 2.1, 6.2 and 4.9, respectively). Breast-feeding influenced the time of appearance of DRA and the magnitude of the titers. Babies breast-fed at 3 months more often were DRA negative than those that had received cow's milk-based formula at that time (p less than 0.005). However, in those breast-fed babies that were DRA positive the titers were higher than in the formula-fed infants (p less than 0.001). Other types of feeding e.g. juices did not influence the DRA levels. The appearance of DRA could not be explained by polyclonal stimulation of antibody production since changes of DRA titers in 11 tested patients could not be clearly related to similar changes of levels of antibodies to an unrelated hapten, trinitrophenyl. The study demonstrates that DRA appear during the first year of life, and that the appearance is influenced by exogenous factors. The most likely source of the antigen stimulation is the gastrointestinal flora which is altered by introduction of cow's milk into the diet.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[One-stage reconstruction of intraorbital fractures by means of plate osteosynthesis (author's transl)].

Considering the multiplicity of sequelae of central midface fractures (rhinoliquorrhea, anosmia, impediment to the drainage of the superior sinuses and to the lacrimal fluid, traumatic telecanthus, dish-face etc.) the importance of rhinosurgical treatment as the foremost procedure is shown. The small-fragment sets according to Champy as stabilizing elements in operations of the interorbital space (Converse) and its osseous supports are mentioned. Both the technical and the functional advantage of establishing a stable osseous trajectory in the rhinobasis after fractures is emphasized. Stable osteosynthesis as a primary therapeutic procedure enables the rhinosurgeon to find a remarkable synthesis of both functional and aesthetic tasks in this problematic area. The stable fixation makes the rhinosurgical treatment a preliminary one for other surgical procedure to follow.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1981

[Double-blind clinical trial of tramadol capsules. First communication: Comparison with pentazocine and placebo (author's transl)].

A new administration form of tramadol (50 mg) was compared in a multicenter double-blind trial with pentazocine (50 mg) and with placebo in patients with acute pains. Each patient received a test preparation once. The preparations were available in identical capsules. During the five-hour observation period the effect on the intensity of pain was recorded with reference to a scale and the undesirable side effects noted. Tramadol was shown to have an analgesic effect about equal to that of the comparative preparation. Both analgesics were superior in effect to the placebo, as was expected. The incidence of side effects from tramadol was less than that with the comparative substance, even if both analgesics had a higher incidence of side effects than the placebo. The results confirm earlier experience obtained with parenteral application of tramadol.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Comparison between human IgM and IgG antibodies to dextran, regarding their activities in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).

Human sera containing dextran-reactive antibodies of various immunoglobulin classes were tested for their capacity to induce ADCC against dextran-coated chicken red blood cells (CRBC). It was found that only IgG antibodies were active in ADCC, while IgM antibodies were not, thus providing further evidence that IgM antibodies do not contribute to ADCC even when human antibodies are used.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Preparation of porcine neurophysin proteins by high performance liquid chromatography.

The crude neurophysin containing extract from posterior lobes of porcine pituitaries was roughly purified by gel chromatography. 15 mg of the lyophilized neurophysin complex were completely separated by HPLC yielding in neurophysin I1 (3.6 mg), I2 (4.0 mg) and III (1.9 mg). All of the neurophysins were homogeneous by PAGE and SDS-electrophoresis, isoelectrofocussing, amino-acid composition and N- and C-terminal amino acid analysis. In conclusion, HPLC is a reliable and quick method for the preparation of pure neurophysins.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Changes of the asymmetrical particle distribution in erythrocyte membranes.

Particle counts in freeze-fractured human erythrocytes revealed changes in the asymmetry coefficients of the particle distribution between the two membrane fracture faces after several pretreatments caused by significant differences in the particle densities on both fracture faces. In comparison with the high asymmetry of the particle distribution present in serum-incubated erythrocytes the asymmetry is lowered already in NaCl-incubated erythrocytes and to a greater extent in MgCl2- or CaCl2-incubated erythrocytes by the decrease of the particle density on the P-face and the simultaneous increase of the particle density on the E-face. This clearly shows that a redistribution of the intramembraneous particles between the two membrane fracture faces is possible. The asymmetry-lowering effect of MgCl2 is not present after combined MgCl2-glycerol- or MgCl2-glutaraldehyde-treatment. It is suggested that the variable strong interaction of the transmembraneous proteins, involved in the particle formation, with the extracellular membrane half influence the particle distribution between the two fracture faces in native human erythrocytes.

Calcium Chloride↗