Since adequate and reliable earphones are now available and standards have been established, clinical audiometry can be performed at extended high frequencies (EHFs). In the present study, 47 preschool children (aged 4-7 years) were examined with EHFs (8-16 kHz) using the new Sennheiser HDA 200 earphone. The hearing thresholds correspond to those of other studies; the median thresholds and range increase with increasing frequency. The medians and quartiles were: 10 kHz: 25 (5-35) dB(SPL), 11.2 kHz: 35 (20-40) dB(SPL), 14 kHz 40 (30-50) dB(SPL) and 16 kHz: 50 (40-60) dB(SPL). The hearing thresholds could be more reliably determined in the older children (> 5 years) and were 5 dB better than in the younger ones (< 5 years). Thresholds in the 10-12.5 kHz range correspond to those of adults but are more sensitive by 5-12 dB in the 14-16 kHz range.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Oral fat tolerance test in obese patients].

19 adipose patients, 10 of them women, underwent an oral fat tolerance test with circa 50 g triglycerides. Before the loading test as well as 2 and 4 hours after it the serum lipids were determined. While in the cholesterol components (including the index of arteriosclerosis) no significant shiftings were the result, after 2 hours in the triglycerides a significant increase (p less than 0.05) by 21% from 1.62 +/- 0.76 to 1.96 +/- 0.91 mmol/l could be stated. The further increase after 4 hours by 10% was not significant. A standardized fat tolerance test concerning the triglycerides is apparently better suited for the estimation of the atherogenic risk than the determination of the fasting value alone.-By an additional determination of LPL and insulin as key enzyme and hormone, respectively, probably better statements could be made, which under equal conditions explain the interindividual differences of adipose persons in weight gain and weight reduction.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of propranolol treatment on blood omega-3-fatty acids in hypertension in middle age].

18 middle aged patients with primary hypertension stage I were treated with 75-100 mg Obsidan/d over a period of 6 months. After treatment a significant decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid was shown. This result is important because eicosapentaenoic acid belongs to omega-3-fatty acids, precursors of eicosanoids. They are playing a vasoprotective role and inhibit aggregation of the thrombozytes.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Behavior of the volume and number of fat cells in obese patients in middle age in inpatient weight reduction].

Fat cell volume and fat cell quantity were determined in subcutaneous fatty tissue of 27 obese patients (22 female and 5 male aged 42 +/- 8) before and after in-patient weight reduction. 47 normal probands of the same age served as a control group. With in-patient weight reduction, fat cell volume decreased significantly, while fat cell quantity remained constant. Division of obesity into hypertrophical and hypertrophical-hypercellular types based on fatty tissue cellularity is suggested. Possible indication for the determination of fat cell volume in obese patients is shown.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholinesterase activity in hyperlipoproteinemia patients in middle age].

In 127 patients with HLP and 79 normolipämics cholinesterase (ChE) was determined. In patients with hypertriglyceridemia and mixed HLP higher ChE activities was shown. The authors discuss a possible reason of higher ChE activities by an rising hepatogenic VLDL secretion.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemorheologic effect on the long-term course of peripheral arteriosclerotic circulatory disorders in the elderly].

The authors report the progress of arteriosclerotic circulatory disturbances of the legs (stage II according to Fontaine) in 32 male patients aged between 47 and 60 years. According to the risk factor profile (smoking, hyperlipoproteinaemia, or hypertension), 2 patients each were linked to form matched pairs. It showed that in the group of patients with raised haematocrit reading the reactive circulation through the legs decreased significantly with constant intermittent claudication within 4 years. The group with lower haematocrit reading, however, showed no significant decrease of the peak flow, the walking ability increased considerably.

Arteriosclerosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Behavior of the biological aging index and serum lipids in treatment with X50].

Lipid metabolic disorders are clinical relevant for the middle and old age. The presented paper shows that decreased HDL-cholesterol and increased triglycerides enlarge the value of pre-ageing. Therefore is a lipid lowering treatment a special problem of gerontology. We have treated 15 patients (age 56.7 +/- 7.8 years) with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia with the new developed lipids regulans X50 = 1-benzyl-3-(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)-4-methylpyrazol. There was a significant decreases of serumtriglycerides (47%) in all patients. Half of the patients showed a significant decreases of total cholesterol (32%). Biological age index and biological age were not influenced. To demonstrate an influence of biological age there are needed longterm treatments in patients with lipid metabolic disorders.

Cholesterol↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Long-term oil therapy in elderly patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease].

3-years dietetic application of polyenic fatty acids in 41 patients with peripheral arterial occlusion disease evoked significantly alterations of total and LDL-cholesterol level and of the serum fatty acid spectrum. These alterations must be valued as "antiatherogenic" although the HDL-cholesterol was not influenced. Linolenic acid enriched linseed oil seems to be more efficient than linolenic acid enriched sun flowers oil.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[12 years' analysis of serum fatty acids--final results of the Leipzig Longitudinal Gerontologic Study].

In the Leipzig longitudinal study performed from 1968 to 1980 in 383 test persons with healthy metabolism in 2-3 years time intervals gas-chromatographic analyses of the serum fatty acid pattern were carried out. In dependence upon age, sex, and body-weight the vasoprotective linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acid increased and the vasoaggressive palmitic and eicosatrienic acid decreased. Influences of age as well as the change of the feeding habits are causally discussed for this purpose.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Dietary fat analysis--a contribution to the problem of nutrition and aging].

By means of gaschromatographic methodology the fatty acid patterns of 6 plant oils, 8 margarine branchs and 8 animal fats of the commercial assortment were determined. Because of their richness in linoleic and linolenic acid sunflower oil, soyabean oil, linseed oil and the margarine branchs Cama, Soma 40 and Marella are best suited for the prevention and dietetic therapy of lipid disorders and diseases. This holds above all for medium and higher age patients.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Special metabolic effects of polyene fatty acids in 45-60-year-old patients with peripheral circulatory disorders].

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Arteriosclerosis Obliterans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinico-experimental long-term study on the combined effect of clofibrin and nicotinic acid on abnormal fatty acid patterns in lipid metabolism disorders in the aged].

Seventy-one patients (forty-two males and twenty-nine females aged forty-five to seventy-six) with disturbances of fat metabolism were treated for three years with clofibric acid and nicotinic acid derivatives. Regular gas chromatographic analyses of the composition of cholesterol ester and triglyceride fatty acids in the serum showed an increase of linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, and eicosane-pentaenoic acids and a decrease of palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, and eicosanetrienic acids during treatment. These changes were far more strongly marked than under monotherapy. Possible causes of the observed changes include selective competitive inhibition of unesterified serum fatty acids, inhibition of lipolysis, effects upon hepatogenic fatty acid metabolism and LCAT, as well as better utilization of alimentary polyunsaturated fatty acids as a result of combination treatment. The increase of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the decrease of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids with their reciprocal relations to the prostaglandin metabolism may be considered a positive vasoprotective effect which is of particular importance in middle and old age.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical significance of arteriosclerosis indices of lipid metabolism and age dependence].

Age, arteriosclerosis indices, HDL-cholesterol, hyperlipoproteinemia, lipoproteins In 193 normal persons, 86 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities, 170 HLP patients, 87 adiposity patients and 22 chronic alcoholics were determined the arteriosclerosis indices (formula; see text) The arteriosclerosis indices increase in healthy males from the age of 30 and healthy females from the age of 45. In case of peripheral arterial occlusion HLP and adiposity the arteriosclerosis indices are elevated and give diagnostic and prognostic hints as to increased arteriosclerotic risk for these diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Modification of pathologic fatty acid patterns in old age by combined clofibrinic and nicotinic acid treatment].

71 patients (42 men and 29 women, aged between 45 and 76) with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) types IIa, IIb and IV, were treated with clofibric acid (Regadrin) and nicotinic acid derivatives (Radecol, Jupol) over a three-year period. Every four months, they underwent gas chromatographic analyses of the fatty acid spectrum (fa) in the fractions of cholesterol ester (Chol.E) and triglyceride (TGL) of the serum. The therapy resulted in an increase in the linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, and eicosapentaenoic acids, and a fall in the palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic and eicosatrienic acid levels in the Chol.E fraction in the case of HLP types IIa and IIb, and in the TGL fraction in the case of HLP types IIb and IV. Selective competitive inhibition by unesterified fatty acids, blocked lipolysis, an impaired hepatogenic fatty-acid metabolism, an affected LCAT and an increased esterification of polyunsaturated fatty acids are discussed as possible mechanisms. The increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids and the decrease of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids must be considered, as they are interrelated with the prostaglandin metabolism, to be a positive and vasoprotective effect which assumes special importance in middle and older age.

Aged↗