Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Reichl.
We report on a 56-year-old male patient suffering from scleromyxedema, who was successfully treated with isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid, Roaccutan). After 10 months therapy, we observed considerable reduction of the cutaneous infiltration and the skin thickening; the papular eruptions had almost completely disappeared. The mobility of the joints, however, could only be slightly improved.
Treatment of male and female rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, twice weekly, 0.2 ml/kg p.o.) and a 5% alcohol solution during four weeks evoked strong increments of the serum enzyme activities of the aminotransferases (GOT, GPT) and the sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). These occurred earlier and were more pronounced in male compared to female rats. Hepatic triglyceride contents as a measure of fatty infiltration was augmented three-fold both in males and females at the end of the experiment. Hepatic hydroxyproline contents were enhanced seven-fold in males, but only two-fold in females. It is concluded that female rats are less susceptible to CCl4--alcohol-induced liver damage, especially hydroxyproline accumulation, which is explained by the known fact that females are more resistant against CCL4-hepatotoxicity as a consequence of a minor role of bioactivation in the metabolic degradation of CCL4 by females.
1. Subchronic treatment of male and female rats with CCl4 (0.2 ml/kg orally twice weekly) and drinking water containing 5% ethanol for four weeks led to a 20 to 40-fold increase in serum sorbitol dehydrogenase activity and to an augmentation of the liver triglyceride and hydroxyproline contents, indicating steatosis and fibrosis, respectively. Liver fibrosis was less pronounced in females than in male rats. 2. As a consequence of these alterations the hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity as measured by aminopyrine demethylation was decreased with concomitant loss of cytochrome P-450 in both sexes. Aniline hydroxylation as well as the activity of the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase showed no significant alterations. 3. While the hepatic glutathione content remained unchanged, the cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities towards both an aryl and an epoxide substrate were markedly decreased following the development of liver fibrosis both in male and female rats.
Rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, twice weekly 0.2 ml/kg p.o.) and a 5% ethanol solution instead of drinking water developed a marked fibrosis and steatosis of the liver within 4 weeks. Fibrosis was evidenced by a 7-fold increase in the hepatic hydroxyproline content and steatosis by a 3-fold increase in the triglyceride content. Exposing these rats to a non-narcotic concentration of halothane (100 ppm) in a closed system the metabolic removal of the anesthetic from the atmosphere of the system was measured. In control rats treated with olive oil and water the elimination half-life for halothane amounted to 0,78 (0,69-0.88) h (confidence limits for p = 0.95). In rats with CCl4-ethanol-induced liver fibrosis and steatosis this elimination half-life was prolonged to 1.24 (1.07-1.41) h indicating an impaired metabolic degradation of halothane in these rats.
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This report deals with a family in which the mother and her two daughters suffer from a congenital, slowly progressive neuromuscular disease. Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural observations of the mother's muscle biopsy reveal the characteristics of the centronuclear myopathy. In this case central nuclei and pericentronuclear abnormalities of muscle fibers are found in almost all fibers. Biopsies obtained of the two daughters show alterations especially of type I-fibers, which often are smaller than normal. The presence of these two forms of centronuclear myopathy in one family indicates that these may be only different morphological types of states of one illness. Additionally, other structural findings (rod bodies, core like regions) emphasize the similarities with other congenital slowly progressive myopathies (nemaline myopathy, central core disease).
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