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Biomedical subjects

W Plenert

Publications and source records attributed to W Plenert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Zinc, copper, manganese and gold content of the hair of infants.

In the hair of 41 normal newborn children the amounts of the trace elements zinc, copper, manganese and gold were followed up longitudinally by neutron activation analysis, the samples being taken on the 1st day of life, between the 63th and 109th days, the 200th and 240 th as well as between the 368th and 478th days of life. In the newborn children no correlations among their hair trace elements themselves and with the duration of normal pregnancy, birth weight, weight percentiles according to Lubchenko et al. [21] and birth length were found. The zinc content of 212 +/- 63 ppm, the copper content of 8.1 +/- 2.3 ppm and the manganese content of 0.211 +/- 0.366 ppm agreed well with values in the literature from different parts of the world. The hair gold content was found to be 0.086 +/- 0.006 ppm. In early childhood the trace element contents do not exhibit any dependence on sex. The investigation of trace elements in the hair of babies resulted in the remarkable observation that in the first three months of life zinc, copper and gold contents shows a considerable increase to multiple levels of the birth values, followed by a decrease. This is important for the interpretation of hair trace element analyses in infants. There are significant positive correlations among zinc, copper and gold contents in hair. It must be emphasized that gold, although classified as a non-essential element, behaves in the hair of infants just like the physiologically important essential trace elements zinc and copper.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Diagnostics and therapy of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in childhood.

Many changes have taken place in the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin-lymphomas in childhood during the last years. From 1979 to 1982, the Working Group for Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology of the GDR treated 50 children with NHL according to the LSA2L2-protocol in a multicentric study. The Kiel-classification was applied for histological diagnosis. Main localizations were the mediastinum and abdomen. The treatment resulted in a complete continuous remission of 65% (Stages I and II: 87%, Stages III and IV: 53%) for all patients, independently of the stage. Patients with extranodal tumours and wide-spread abdominal disease had a very bad prognosis with this protocol.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Cranial computertomography in children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) and non Hodgkin-lymphoma (NHL) after different methods of CNS-treatment.

42 children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were subjected to cranial computer tomography (CT). 4 groups were formed according to CNS therapy. Group 1: 18 children in complete first remission after CNS prophylaxis with intrathecal 198 Au-colloid and methotrexate were examined between 3 1/2 and 7 1/3 years after beginning of therapy. 15 patients had normal computer tomograms, only 3 children had slight anomalies. The quantitative assessment of the computer tomograms yielded normal results for all 18 children. Group 2: 8 children were examined before CNS prophylaxis. 1 child had a connatal septum pellucidum cyst, 4 children had no anomalies and 3 children slight anomalies. The deviations from normal in groups 1 and 2 should be physiological variations. Group 3: 6 children were examined between 10 months and 8 1/4 years after termination of prophylactic CNS-irradiation (18-22.5 Gy) in combination with intrathecal methotrexate. Normal findings were obtained for 2 patients only. The other children had distinct cortical, subcortical or cerebellar atrophies and calcification of stem ganglia. Neurological complications had temporarily appeared in one child after skull irradiation. Group 4: A CT was made of 10 children during or after meningosis leukemia. The children who had received 198 Au-colloid for CNS prophylaxis yielded no pathological CT results. Distinct cortical, subcortical and cerebellar atrophies or calcification of stem ganglia were found in children after one or two CNS irradiations. These CT investigations confirm the results published by other authors, i.e. that owing to an irradiation--cytostatic therapy of the children's brains CNS lesions can be found in the CT. Their prognosis can only be determined by longterm observations. CNS prophylaxis by means of intrathecal 198 Au-colloid and methotrexate does not lead to any pathological CT anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Spontaneous lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity of human effector cells].

Antigen dependent cellular cytotoxity (ADCC) and non-killer cell activities of haematological healthy donors were investigated in the 51Cr release test. Attempts of cell fraction reveal that lymphocytes are active as killer and non-killer cells. Granulocytes were efficient effector cells of antigen dependent cellular cytotoxity (ADCC), however, they had no natural-killer activity. In testing leukocyte fractions of 11 donors, killer cell would only be found in the non-T-fraction. In contrast to that, three types could be observed in the distribution on non-killer cells: Distribution on T-lymphocyte fraction (27.3%), distribution on non-T-lymphocyte fraction (9.1%) and approximately equal distribution on T- and non-T-lymphocyte fraction 63.7%). Without any treatment patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia showed an antigen dependent cellular cytotoxity and non-killer activity only in exceptional cases. Normal activities were reached in remission, with chemotherapy having a depressive effect on non-killer activity.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1982

Meningosis prophylaxis with intrathecal 198Au-colloid and methotrexate in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Since 1972, telecobalt irradiation plus intrathecal methotrexate (ITMTX) has been successfully replaced in Jena by intrathecal colloidal radioactive gold (198Au) plus ITMTX for meningosis prophylaxis in leukemia. Seventy-three children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were given 1.24-4.89 mCi (45.8-181 MBq) of colloidal 198Au IT after successful initiation of remission. During cytostatic therapy, the following relapses occurred: meningosis leucaemica, five patients (6.8%); bone-marrow relapse and the meningosis leucaemica, one patient; and bone-marrow relapse, 20 patients (27.4%). In 18 children, combination chemotherapy was terminated after two and a half or three years of treatment. After that time, one meningeal relapse and six bone-marrow relapses occurred. Within the first 24 hours after application of radioactive gold, headaches, vomiting, and fever occurred in less than 10% of the children. An apathy syndrome, leukecephalopathy, or severe infections, were not observed in a single case. Radioactive gold spreads in the subarachnoid space and is phagocytized by the arachnoidea. The tumoricide effect extends selectively over the space of distribution of the latent meningosis leucaemia. The cerebral parenchyma remains unaffected by radiation. Thus, radioactive gold may be preferable to telecobalt irradiation in preventing central nervous system leukemia.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Ocular symptoms and leukemia in childhood].

Findings in a total of 200 children suffering from leukemia were evaluated. Ocular symptoms were found in 26% of the cases. Typically, fundus hemorrhages were found in the initial stage, leukemic infiltrates in the final stage and papilledema in the meningosis leucaemica stage. In patients with ophthalmologic changes the survival time was shorter than in patients with no ocular involvement. Ophthalmological "dispensaire" treatment is generally recommended.

Child↗
PubMed1982

[Human nonspecific killer cells].

The NK and K-cell activity of human leukocytes was investigated as compared with those cells of the K 562 cell line and murine cells covered by xenoantibodies in Graffi erythroblast leukaemia by means of the 51Cr release test. NK and K-cells could be identified in the blood and bone-marrow. However, they could not be identified in the thymus, lymph-nodes, and tonsils. Attempts of cell fraction with the blood of healthy donors revealed that the K-cells must be attributed to non-T-lymphocytes. NK-cells may be found in the fraction of non-T-lymphocytes as well as in that of T-lymphocytes. Killer cell activity tests in children with acute leukaemia resulted in leukaemia cells having NK and K-cell activity only in very rare cases. ALL patients in remission had strongly lowered NK-cell values under chemotherapy. In comparison to that, chemotherapy had no influence on K-cell activity. On the one hand, NK-cell activities were induced in mixed cultures of allogenous lymphocytes of the blood and, on the other hand, in cells of lymph-nodes. Attempts of fractionation, investigations for determining the influence of chemotherapy and attempts of inducing killer cell activity in vitro lead to the conclusion that NK and K-cells may be regarded as similar cell populations, being, however, not identical.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Juvenile malignant lymphomas. 1. Hodgkin's lymphoma].

From 1970 to 1978 22 children with Hodgkin's lymphomas at the age of 4-15 years were treated at the university children's hospital of Jena. There were 16 patients with the first appearance of the disease and 6 with relapses. The stage classification was carried out after the Ann-Arbor-classification. A "staging" operation with laparotomy and splenectomy was performed in 17 children. The histological material was classified after the Rye-modification of the Lukes-Butler-classification. The clinical staging showed 8 patients in stage I, 7 in stage II, 6 in stage III and one child was in stage IV. The therapy consisted of a telecobalt irradiation extended field irradiation, total nodular and local irradiation) with a focal dose of 4500 rad and a chemotherapy (6 cycles COPP). The life-table-analysis for those patients who were primarily treated in Jena showed a complete five-year-remission rate of 92 per cent. The five-year-survival-rate for all patients (with the first appearance of the disease and with relapses) amounts to 77 per cent. After splenectomy we observed two overwhelmingly progressing aetiologically not clear infections and a pneumococcal meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Juvenile malignant lymphomas. 2 Non-Hodgkin lymphomas].

Between 1970 and 1978 33 children with Non-Hodgkin-lymphomas at the age of 2-15 years were treated at the university children's hospital of Jena. 27 patients showed the first appearance of the disease, 6 patients had already been treated in other hospitals and were admitted with relapses. The biopsy material was classified or re-classified after the Kiel-classification. Beside the histological classification the surface markers of the malignant cells of NHL-patients were determined. 20 of 33 children were already in stage IV (Ann-Arbor-classification). Among our patients were 6 lymphoblastic NHL of Brukitt type, 10 of the convoluted cell type and 16 unclassified and one lymphoblastic lymphoma. The main localization of the NHL were mediastinum [15] and the gastrointestinal tract [10]. The therapy consisted of irradiation and chemotherapy (2 protocols) and, in case of an abdominal localization, in the attempt at a radical operation. Patients of stage I and stage II showed a complete remission rate of 50 per cent for 3 years; patients of stages III and IV of 20 per cent only. NHL of the convoluted cell type and of the Burkitt-type proved to have worse three-year-remission rates (16 per cent and 27 per cent) than unclassified lymphoblastic NHL (42 per cent).

Adolescent↗