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Biomedical subjects

W Pirsig

Publications and source records attributed to W Pirsig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Diagnosis and management of laryngeal obstruction in childhood pachyonychia congenita.

Pachyonychia congenita is a genetic syndrome of epithelial dysplasia. In infants and young children, laryngeal involvement can present a life threatening complication: obstruction of the patient's airway due to leukokeratosis can lead to severe respiratory distress. This report concentrates on the diagnosis and successful microsurgical management of laryngeal obstruction in the first female case, a 19-month-old girl with pachyonychia congenita.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1995

Cartilage transformation in a composite graft of demineralized bovine bone matrix and ear perichondrium used in a child for the reconstruction of the nasal septum.

For the first time it was observed in a boy that a xenogenic implant of demineralized bovine bone matrix, enfolded in a pedicled flap of autogenic ear perichondrium, was transformed into autogenic cartilage. This new cartilage could be adequately used as a graft to bridge the cartilaginous defect of a nasal septum perforation. The defect was successfully closed by a technique employing four bipedicled mucosal advancement flaps of the septum and the nasal floor. The result of this pilot study, which is based on experiments in growing rabbits, appears to open the possibility to create de novo young and growing autogenic cartilage of substantial quantity in children, without the loss of the cartilage present.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Laryngeal carcinoma in a 12-year-old child. Association with human papillomavirus 18 and 33.

OBJECTIVE: A laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was observed in a 12-year-old child. There was no history of preceding papillomatosis or radiotherapy. We searched for an association with human papillomavirus (HPV). METHODS: The resected specimens were assayed for infection with HPV types 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 42 by in situ hybridization, and for HPV types 6, 16, 18, 33 by Southern blotting. In addition, cervical swabs of the mother were examined for HPV infection by filter in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Coinfection by HPV types 18 and 33 could be demonstrated by in situ hybridization, with homogeneous infection of both tumor and adjacent epithelial cells by HPV 33 and focal infection of only invasive cancer by HPV 18. Southern blot testing confirmed a high viral copy number of HPV 18 DNA. Examination of the mother at the time of tumor diagnosis revealed no evidence of HPV-related lesion in the lower genital tract. CONCLUSIONS: In this child, coinfection by at least two HPV types is the only evaluable risk factor for laryngeal carcinoma. Coinfection by two HPV types might substitute for carcinogenic cofactors normally present in adult laryngeal carcinomas.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1994

Long-term results of neonates with nasal deviation: a prospective study over 12 years.

In the literature of the past 100 years only a few cases with documented long-term healing of intrauterinely acquired nasal deviation could be found. Therefore we prospectively investigated 3425 children who were born between 1980 and 1981 in the Obstetric Department of the University Hospital of Ulm. In this group 29 neonates (0.86%) showed a deviation of the bony and cartilaginous nose related to intrauterine injury. After a period of 11-12 years we could reexamine 14 children by otorhinolaryngological examination, photographic documentation of the face and acoustic rhinometry. After 11-12 years nine children presented a straight nose and five children (36%) showed a deviation of the nasal pyramid to the same side as found at birth--markedly in two girls and slightly in three girls. Unexpectedly high was the rate of malocclusions, namely in 13 out of 14 children.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Nosebleed of children in painting.

In 13 paintings and drawings, dating from the preclassic period in ancient Greece to the present day, representations of children with nosebleed could be detected in museums, churches, galleries and art-books. Children and adolescents were bleeding from their noses because of mechanical injury, infectious diseases, or hemorrhagic diathesis. Some artists depicted nosebleeding in a very realistic manner, others represented this symptom in a more abstract or caricaturistic way. Nosebleed stood as a symbol for human failure, as a sign of the loser, the suffering and tortured child, and as a sign of death.

Child↗
PubMed1994

[Nasal positive pressure ventilation (nCPAP) in therapy of obstructive sleep apnea: acceptance by 50 patients].

In a prospective study between 1989 and 1993, 50 patients (45 males, 5 females, mean age: 58.4 years; mean AHI = 37.8/h) suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea were examined. They underwent nocturnal polysomnography and were provided nightly treatment with nasal CPAP (Respironics Sleep-Easy III und REMSTAR, Respironics Inc, Monroeville, PA). 41 patients were given primary treatment with nCPAP. Nine patients were secondarily treated with a nCPAP mask after other modalities of therapy (weight reduction, mandibular positioning appliance, nasal surgery, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty) had been applied without success. All patients were controlled in the sleep laboratory nine to fourty-two months (mean: 18 months) after the masks were fitted. A questionnaire was used to evaluate subjective complaints, use of the CPAP mask, technical problems, partner's acceptance of the mask etc. 46 patients wore the mask on an average of 6.2 nights per week and 6.5 hours per night. These self-reported data from the questionnaire correlated only in 85 per cent of the cases with the data provided by the time clock installed in the CPAP machine. The long-term compliance with nCPAP of the studied group was 92 per cent. Four patients returned their masks within two months. It was possible to provide sufficient respiration to more than 90% of the patients using an average pressure between 7 and 8 cm water column. Respiration presented no problems for all six patients who had previously been treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in our hospital. Despite the mask 41 patients slept with their partner in a common room.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Follow-up of patients with inverted papilloma of the nasal cavities: computer tomography, video-endoscopy, acoustic rhinometry?

Seventeen patients were operated suffering from unilateral inverted papilloma of the nasal cavities, in one male associated with malignancy. We investigated these patients pre- and post-operatively by clinical examination, video-endoscopy, acoustic rhinometry, and computed tomography (CT). The aim was to find out which technique delivers reliable information about tumour recurrence in follow-up. By these controls three recurrences could be detected in a period of two-years' follow-up. Our results showed that the combination of CT, video-endoscopy and histological examination of biopsies is reliable to detect recurrence of inverted papilloma. To study the possibilities of detecting tumour recurrence by means of acoustic rhinometry, investigations on models of nasal cavities with various shape, size and location of tumour masses were undertaken. A comparison between the results of the model study and the acoustic rhinometric measurements in patients showed that growth of tumour masses can be detected by this method in an early phase under constant conditions such as nasal models. In patients, however, it is not easy to evaluate the absolute size and site of the growing tumour masses, because there are several factors which lead to false-positive interpretations, such as localized inflammations of the mucosa, crusting and nasal secretion and especially the movements of the soft palate. We conclude from our results that acoustic rhinometry does not deliver more information than obtained by video-endoscopy and CT to detect tumour recurrence in the nasal cavity.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1994

2,500 years of nosebleeding in art.

In 132 objects of art (mainly paintings and drawings, a few sculptures, and one mosaic) dating from the pre-classical period in ancient Greece to our days, nosebleeding due to different reasons could be detected in museums, churches, galleries and art-books. Children and adults were bleeding from their noses because of mechanical injury, infectious diseases, haemorrhagic diathesis, and drugs. Some artists depicted nosebleeding in a very realistic manner, others represented this symptom in an exaggerated or caricaturistic way. From a total of 132 examples of nosebleeding 53 are presented, including 18 with figures.

Epistaxis↗
PubMed1993

[The Nikolowski trichoadenoma: a rare tumor of the ENT area].

A case of trichoadenoma Nikolowski in a 74-year-old woman is reported. The tumour invaded the upper lip, the base of the columella and the left nasal entrance. The tumour was cured by surgery and plastic reconstruction of the defect. This benign lesion of the hair follicles is rare and therefore often misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma or seborrheic keratosis. Examination of tumour cells by DNA-flow cytophotometry showed a normal diploid DNA-content of the tumour cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Nicotine concentrations in the palatine tonsil, uvula mucosa and septum cartilage of smokers--a pilot study].

The concentrations of nicotine were determined via radioimmunoassay in the palatine tonsils (n = 22) and in the mucosa of the uvula (n = 5) of eleven male smokers, and in the nasal septal cartilage of four other smokers. The same tissues of five nonsmokers served as controls. The mean values of the nicotine concentrations were 77 ng/g for the tonsils (level of serum: 151 ng/g), 114.5 ng/g for the mucosa of the uvula (level of serum: 215 ng/g) and 36 ng/g for the septal cartilage (level of serum: 97 ng/g). There was no nicotine in the tissues and serum of the control group. The correlations between the nicotine concentrations of the three tissues and the levels of the serum were significant. Another significant correlation was found between the nicotine level of the serum and the daily consumption of cigarettes of the eleven patients on whom tonsillectomy had been performed. These concentrations of nicotine in the three types of tissue and in serum appear to be high after an interval of twelve hours non-smoking. With gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry also unchanged nicotine was found in the tonsils which is considered to be the damaging substance of tobacco.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Repair of saddle nose deformity in Wegener's granulomatosis and ectodermal dysplasia.

Two cases are reported involving surgical treatment of a saddle nose deformity due to Wegener's granulomatosis and ectodermal dysplasia, respectively. The association of ozena with both diseases requires special consideration for any type of transplants because of a high risk of infectious complications. By extranasal incisions the nasal dorsum has been successfully reconstructed by transplanting autogenic conchal cartilage. There has been no resorption or displacement of the transplant after twelve months in the case of ectodermal dysplasia, and after 25 months in the patient with Wegener's granulomatosis despite a severe recurrence of this disease.

Adult↗