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Biomedical subjects

W Paulus

Publications and source records attributed to W Paulus.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical investigation of collagen subtypes in human glioblastomas.

The immunohistochemical distribution of a spectrum of collagens and procollagens was studied in 16 glioblastomas. Anti-collagen IV antibodies frequently outlined thickened or disrupted basement membranes (BM) of tumour vessels. Glial BM were frequently penetrated by tumour cells; endothelial BM were not. Some proliferating vessels did not stain for extracellular collagen IV but were rimmed by collagen IV-positive cells, some of which expressed GFAP. Procollagen I was restricted to proliferating leptomeninges and pathological tumour vessels. Collagen III and procollagen III were codistributed in intratumoural and extratumoural interstitial connective tissue. Collagen VI was most pronounced in the adventitia of normal vessels and in spindle-cell proliferations of pathological vessels but not in the endothelial cell proliferations. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that glial cells play a major role in BM formation around tumour vessels, that procollagen I may serve as a marker for proliferation of interstitial connective tissue, and that the origin of spindle-cell proliferation is adventitial, rather than endothelial.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1988

Vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein are codistributed in the same intermediate filament system of malignant glioma cells in vivo. A double-labeling immunoelectron-microscopical study.

Normal, reactive, and neoplastic astrocytes express two types of intermediate filament (IF) proteins, namely glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin. Their submicroscopical distribution in vivo is so far unknown. We therefore investigated four malignant gliomas by electron microscopy, applying postembedding double immunogold labeling. The IF proteins were randomly scattered over the same filament bundles, as in previous experiments on glioma cultures. No clustering or preferential intracytoplasmic location of either IF protein was visible. The demonstration of IF proteins within nuclei gives some support to the suggested intranuclear functions of IF proteins.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1988

Primary mesenteritis, mesenteric fibrosis and mesenteric fibromatosis. Report of four cases, pathology, and classification.

Primary mesenteritis is a rare disease. Two cases and two additional patients with mesenteric fibrosis/fibromatosis are reported. A classification of primary and secondary mesenteritis is suggested in order to replace the confusing variety of terms used for the same disease process. Differential diagnosis of mesenteric fibrosis versus mesenteric fibromatosis may be difficult, and some criteria for the separation of these two entities are discussed. Among the clinical symptoms, transmission of aortic pulsations to the anterior abdominal wall is a rare but important aid for diagnosis. Associated diseases are malignant lymphoma, colonic adenomatosis (Gardner's syndrome) and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Microscopically, mesenteric lipomatosis and Whipple's disease must be ruled out. Usually, surgical treatment is not necessary. Prednisone and azathioprine may be helpful in severe cases. Fatal outcome of primary mesenteritis is extremely rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance tomography on somatosensory and visual evoked potentials in the human].

By means of registration of somatosensory (SSEP) and visual (VEP) evoked potentials under the influence of different magnetic and electromagnetic fields of Magnetic Resonance we investigated the influence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on human nervous system (all measurements with an 1.0 T MR imager are performed outside and inside the static magnetic field, before and after MR imaging). In vivo experiments on 20 healthy volunteers show in SSEP registrations as well as in VEP-registrations no measurable influence on nerve conduction. The measured latencies before and after MR imaging are found inside the standard values which are valid for healthy volunteers. In vivo experiments at field-strengthens up to 1.0 Tesla show no significant changes of the central and peripheral conduction velocity with human beings.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Influence of head or trunk oscillations on visually induced self-motion perception in humans.

The influence of concurrent head or trunk movements on optokinetically induced self-motion perception has been investigated by measuring circularvection (CV) latencies. Active head as well as passive trunk oscillation cause an increase in circularvection latency of about 50% as compared to latencies with the head and trunk stationary during full field optokinetic stimulation. The results point towards an intersensory inhibition of self-motion perception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Visual postural performance after loss of somatosensory and vestibular function.

Visual stabilisation of body sway in a patient with severe deficits of the vestibular system (due to gentamicin treatment) and the somatosensory system (due to polyneuropathy) was studied. With eyes open the patient was able to stand and walk slowly. With eyes closed he lost balance within one second. In order to optimise visual stabilisation he intuitively searched for nearby visual targets. His postural sway was recorded using posturography. His balance performance deteriorated significantly beyond a distance of 1 m between the eyes and the surrounding objects and with visual acuity below 0.3 (experimentally achieved with semitransparent plastic foils). With flicker illumination of decreasing frequencies of the visual surround he needed at least a visual input rate of 17 Hz in order to maintain an upright body position. The data provide clinical evidence for rapid visuo-spinal control of posture.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Eighty months persistence of poorly differentiated early gastric cancer.

A patient is presented who was diagnosed in 1976 as having a signet-ring cell carcinoma of the gastric antrum. The patient delayed surgery for 7 yr, after which time an early gastric cancer of the intramucosal type was found. It is suggested that in addition to its high cure rate, early gastric cancer may have an extraordinarily slow growth.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1984

A diagnostic score for the irritable bowel syndrome. Its value in the exclusion of organic disease.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a very common clinical problem for which there are no established diagnostic criteria. The two aims of the present study were first, to create a scoring system for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome incorporating features from the case history, physical examination, and some basic investigations including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and blood count; and second, to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of this scoring system in terms of its sensitivity and specificity, and of its predictive value in patients diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome by conventional methods. A group of 479 consecutive outpatients referred to a gastrointestinal clinic was studied by the usual extensive routine workup practiced at the clinic, including numerous laboratory tests, endoscopy of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, and ultrasound. In 209 patients, symptoms were related to an underlying organic disease and in 108 patients irritable bowel syndrome was diagnosed without any recognizable organic disease. As a separate exercise, a scoring system including the answers of a questionnaire and the results of eight basic investigations was established. After completion of the study, the score was weighted by means of a logistic regression analysis. Using the weighted score, at a sensitivity of 64%, the specificity for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome was 99%, and at a sensitivity of 83%, the specificity was 97%. Patients with organic diseases such as malignant tumor or inflammatory bowel disease were well discriminated by the score. It is concluded that a detailed history, physical examination, and basic laboratory tests are sufficient in most patients for the positive diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome and the exclusion of any underlying organic diseases.

Colonic Diseases, Functional↗
PubMed1983

A new concept of retinal colour coding.

A theory of retinal colour coding based closely on recent anatomical and physiological results is presented. Opponent colour channels are shown to be an inevitable result of any randomly distributed retinal cone mosaic, the structure of red-green opponent colour channels remaining uninfluenced by a predominance of "red" or "green" cones. These findings circumvent the conflict between anatomical results with more "green" than "red" cones and psychophysical estimations with more "red" than "green" cones. The effect of receptor compression and opponent colour transformation on colour perception is investigated. Non-opponency of pure green and pure red could be attributed to receptor compression, the Bezold-Brücke phenomenon, however, to the antagonism of "red" and "green" cones within the receptive field surround of red-green opponent cells. The fundamental colours are estimated to be supersaturated violet, yellow-green and yellow-red.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Serum immunoglobulin concentrations in Crohn's disease. Clinical relevance and comparison with lipid-A-antibody titers (author's transl)].

The results of previously published studies on serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients with Crohn's disease are controversial. Therefore a long term study of serum immunoglobulin concentrations comparing 31 patients with Crohn's disease was carried out. The serum IgM concentrations of patients with active disease was significantly lower than the serum IgM concentration in patients with inactive disease. 7/25 patients who were all treated with steroids had an elevated serum IgE concentrations. It could not be demonstrated that serum immunoglobulin concentrations are influenced by steroids, by bowel resection or by the activity of the disease. As no characteristic change of serum immunoglobulin concentration in patients with Crohn's disease could be found the determination of serum immunoglobulins seems to be of no clinical value. Furthermore a possible connection between serum immunoglobulin concentrations and antibody titers against the lipid A component of endotoxins was investigated: Serum IgM concentrations were significantly higher in patients with elevated lipid-A-antibody titers than in patients with normal lipid-A-antibody titers. Thus indicates a specific antibody formation to endotoxins and lipid A, respectively.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗