Biomedical subjects

W P O'Hare

Publications and source records attributed to W P O'Hare.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

Black demographic trends in the 1980s.

Most of the black demographic trends witnessed in the 1970s have continued during the first half of the 1980s, but the pace of demographic change has slowed in some areas and quickened in others. A short summarization of the major trends is provided below; 1. The black population is growing faster than the white population and blacks are becoming a larger share of the total population. 2. Blacks continue to move out of the North and into the South and West. 3. Blacks continue to move out of central cities into suburbs, but blacks are not moving out of central cities as fast as whites and central city populations are becoming increasingly black. 4. The growth rates of preschool-age blacks increased in the 1980s, but the growth rates of the school age and young adult populations declined. 5. The fertility rates of blacks continued to fall and to approach convergence with those of whites, although there still is a significant gap between black and white fertility rates. 6. Teen birthrates for unmarried blacks continued to fall during the first half of the 1980s. 7. Life expectancy for blacks continued to increase during the 1980s, but at a somewhat slower pace than seen during the 1970s. 8. The share of black children living in single parent families continued to grow during the 1980s at a faster rate than seen during the 1970s. 9. The share of black children living with a never-married parent grew much more rapidly in the 1980s than in the 1970s.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1980

A note on the use of regression methods in population estimates.

Evidence which has emerged in the past few years indicates that the relative accuracy of population estimates derived from the ratio-correlation method and the difference-correlation method varies from state to state. In assessing the possible reasons why neither technique is uniformly more accurate, attention is focused on the temporal instability of the statistical relationships between symptomatic indicators and population change. The author concludes that further improvement in population estimates based on regression techniques is likely to be limited until demographers derive means of measuring and adjusting for these temporal changes.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

KIDS COUNT: identifying and helping America's most vulnerable.

Using data from the 1999 KIDS COUNT Data Book, compiled and published by The Annie E. Casey Foundation, the most recent state figures (1996) are compared with corresponding data from 1985 to assess the trends in child well-being in each state during the decade. The 10 key indicators used to rank states are taken fro federal government statistical agencies and reflect the best data available for each of the measures. Between 1985 and 1996, child well-being improved across the country in seven of the indicators (infant mortality rate; child death rate; rate of teen death by accidents, homicide and suicide; percent of teens who are high school dropouts; percent of teens not attending school and not working; percent of children living with parents who do not have full-time, year-round employment; and percent of children living in poverty). The three areas of children's well-being that worsened during the time period were; the percent of low birth-weight babies; teen birth rate; and percent of families with children headed by a single parent. While many of America's children have experienced improvements in their well-being, there is a large number of children who have been left behind. The focus of the 1999 KIDS COUNT Date Book is on the 9.2 million children who have been identified as "high risk." These children have four or more family disadvantages that put them at greater risk of experiencing poor outcomes. These kids are not benefiting from the continuing economic boom in the 1990s. The District of Columbia, Louisiana and Mississippi had the largest share of high-risk kids, ranging from 39 to 21 percent of their respective populations, and Utah the lowest, with just 5 percent. Long-term family-centered strategies that are multi-dimensional and community-wide are recommended to help promote family change.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Making kids count.

Using data from the 1988 KIDS COUNT Data Book, compiled and published by The Annie E. Casey Foundation, the most recent state figures (1995) are compared with corresponding data from 1985 to assess the trends in child well-being in each state during the decade. The 10 key indicators used are taken from governmental data sources and reflect the best data available for each of the measures. Between 1985 and 1995, child well-being worsened across the country in five of the indicators, i.e., percent of low birthweight babies; rate of teen deaths by accident, homicide and suicide; teen birth rate; Juvenile Violent Crime Arrest Rate; and percent of families with children headed by a single parent. Areas of improvement include: infant mortality; child death rate; percent of teens who are high school dropouts; and percent of teens not attending school and/or not working. There was no change between 1985 and 1995 in the percent of children living in poverty. When the states are ranked by a composite of the 10 indicators of childhood well-being, a cluster of states in the South and Southwest are at or near the bottom of the rankings while the New England states and those in the upper plains are typically near the top. The states near the top have higher incomes and lower poverty rates than those near the bottom.

Adolescent↗