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W P Joseph

Publications and source records attributed to W P Joseph.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Findings of the 1998 Infectious Diseases Society of America membership survey.

The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) conducted a survey in 1998 to characterize its membership and to determine their needs. The response rate was 39%. Although only 23% of the respondents spent most of their time in the field of teaching and research, 62% of the respondents listed an academic institution as their primary employer. According to survey results, 17% of respondents indicated that care of HIV-infected patients comprised one-half or more of their practices. Respondents noted shortcomings in their training as a result of recent changes in the clinical practice arena and the health care system; more than one-fourth of the respondents identified deficits in their preparation for administration, infection control, pharmacoeconomics, quality assurance, transplantation, and outcomes research. This survey discloses that the IDSA membership perceives a need for changes in IDSA-sponsored fellowship training programs and graduate educational activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Sorivudine versus acyclovir for treatment of dermatomal herpes zoster in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: results from a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Collaborative Antiviral Study Group/AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Herpes Zoster Study Group.

The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial was designed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of sorivudine [1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-E-(2-bromovinyl)uracil] and acyclovir for the treatment of dermatomal herpes zoster in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients. A total of 170 HIV-seropositive adults presenting with herpes zoster (confirmed by direct fluorescent-antigen testing and/or viral culture) were enrolled and randomized to receive a 10-day course of orally administered sorivudine (40 mg once daily plus acyclovir placebos) or acyclovir (800 mg five times daily plus sorivudine placebo). Patients were monitored daily to document the events of cutaneous healing, pain, zoster-related complications, and drug-related adverse events. Patients were reassessed on days 21 and 28 and then once monthly for 1 year. The primary efficacy endpoint was time to the cessation of new vesicle formation. Secondary efficacy endpoints included times to other events of cutaneous healing, resolution of pain, and frequency of dissemination and zoster recurrence. In a multivariate analysis, sorivudine was superior to acyclovir for reducing the times to the cessation of new vesicle formation (relative risk [RR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00 to 2.36; P = 0.049) and total lesion crusting (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.07 to 2.04; P = 0.017). In a univariate analysis, there was a trend favoring sorivudine for the cessation of new vesicle formation (median of 3 versus 4 days; P = 0.07) and a significant advantage for time to total lesion crusting (median of 7 versus 8 days; P = 0.02). The time to the resolution of zoster-associated pain, the frequency of dissemination, and the frequency of zoster recurrence were not different between the two treatment groups. Both drugs were well tolerated. Sorivudine is an effective drug for the treatment of herpes zoster in HIV-infected patients and results in accelerated cutaneous healing when compared with acyclovir therapy.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of ceforanide as treatment for staphylococcal and streptococcal endocarditis.

Ceforanide administered parenterally twice daily was used as the sole agent to treat 17 patients with right-sided endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus or nonenterococcal streptococci. Fifteen patients were cured of their original infection. Two patients were withdrawn from the study. One patient was transferred to another hospital 4 days after ceforanide therapy was initiated, and the other was changed to a different antibiotic regimen when his viridans streptococcus proved tolerant to ceforanide. The intramuscular form of ceforanide was well tolerated. It was stopped in two patients after week 3 of therapy because of adverse effects, possibly related to the study drug. These findings resolved with discontinuation of the ceforanide, and no additional antimicrobial therapy was necessary. Two patients who continued to abuse drugs intravenously during the study developed bacteremia with new organisms and required additional antimicrobial therapy. Ceforanide proved to be a useful agent in the treatment of right-sided endocarditis due to susceptible S. aureus and nonenterococcal streptococci.

Adolescent↗