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Biomedical subjects

W O Seiler

Publications and source records attributed to W O Seiler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Decubitus: efficient prevention due to new pathogenetic knowledge].

Decubitus ulcers are spots of ischemic tissue necrosis caused by any imposed pressure which occludes the venules and arterioles. Therefore, the most important objective is to avoid completely or to lower the imposed skin pressure below the critical arterial occlusion pressure. This can be achieved by positioning the patient in the 30 degrees lateral position and/or by bedding them on a "supersoft" mattress. The efficacy of this method is demonstrated by recording the oxygen tension of compromised skin areas during these preventive measures and by an improving clinical statistics over a period of 5 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

EEG and sleep in aged hospitalized patients with senile dementia: 24-h recordings.

Polygraphic recordings of wake and sleep were performed on 10 partly bed-ridden, severely deteriorated patients with senile dementia. Compared with healthy elderly persons these subjects showed less SWS (slow wave sleep, characterized by high amplitude, slow EEG waves), less REM sleep (rapid eye movement sleep, usually accompanied by dream activity) and poorly organized stage 2 sleep (no sleep spindles, i.e. phasic EEG activity with a frequency of 12-14 Hz). Six of the 10 patients had no dominant alpha rhythm during wakefulness; this seemed to be related to their more deteriorated clinical state, to still less SWS and REM sleep and more time spent in stage 2. The basic NREM-REM cycle of sleep, i.e. the regular alternation between non-REM- and REM-periods, could still be distinguished, however, and showed similar average temporal characteristics as in healthy old and younger people. Similarly, although sleep was severely fragmented in most patients and many sleep episodes occurred during the day, the day-night alternation of wakefulness and sleep was maintained in the sample as a whole.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Decubitus ulcer prevention: a new investigative method using transcutaneous oxygen tension measurement.

Sacral skin oxygen tension, measured by a noninvasive technique in ten healthy subjects, remained in the normal range when they were lying on a "super-soft" mattress or in the 30 degrees lateral position. Therefore, these methods are effective in decubitus ulcer prevention. Skin oxygen tension measurement allows immediate assessment of the efficacy of measures to prevent decubitus ulcers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Energy and protein consumption in patients with senile dementia.

Demented elderly patients unable to eat independently and often refusing food are threatened by malnutrition. Therefore, we determined in 6 female patients aged 74-100 with senile dementia the average daily food consumption within a 3-week period by the exact weighing methods on six occasions. The average daily energy intake was 7,364 kJ (carbohydrates 3,300, fat 3,030, and protein 1,034 kJ). Acceptance of food was best at breakfast; during lunch and dinner all patients refused nutrients in two-thirds of the meals. During the observation period the subjects remained in a steady state (weight, serum albumin). It is concluded that spontaneous nutrient intake is sufficient in stable conditions. In times of increased energy needs the observed eating habits may lead to malnutrition.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[TRH-TSH regulation in the aged and in patients with senile dementia].

TRH-TSH-thyroid regulation has been studied in clinically euthyroid elderly patients (average age 80 years) with senile dementia (27 women, 35 men) and normal controls (18 women, 10 men). TRH (40 mg) given by mouth did not stimulate TSH in one third of all subjects. Both sexes were equally affected. No relation to senile dementia or to goiter could be established. All groups, including the group without measurable TSH response (1 mE/1) showed an increase in peripheral thyroid hormone concentration after TRH. It is suggested that the low TSH response to TRH is a consequence of diminished pituitary responsiveness to TRH. Evaluation of thyroid function and diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in the elderly after TRH should be carried out with great caution.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Reduced fibrinolytic activity in the marginal zones of decubital ulcers].

Healing of decubital ulcers is, in contrast to that in other skin wounds, protracted. The reason for this is still unknown. The microscopic findings show the typical picture of a chronic ulcer with prominent scar tissue. To investigate the fibrinolytic activity of the ulcer margin and the adjacent skin tissue, samples of 13 ulcers were obtained and incubated on fibrin plates using the technique of PERMIN, ASTRUP and MULLERTZ. Lytic activity is expressed as mm2 of the lysed fibrin spots. In the border zone (1.5 mm zone), fibrinolytic activity was significantly reduced (12.7 mm2) as compared with the activity of the 9 mm zone (38.1 mm2) of the adjacent skin. Skin samples at a distance of 12 mm from the ulcer border still exhibited significantly lower fibrinolytic activity (39.4 mm2) than normal skin (71.5 mm2). The significantly lower fibrinolytic activity of the ulcer border in decubital ulcers may contribute to the poor healing tendency and indicates a decreased microcirculation. The fibrinolytic activity test offers an objective test of therapeutic principles.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of aerobic and anaerobic germs on the healing of decubitus ulcers].

Bacteriological examinations of decubitus ulcers were performed in 34 geriatric patients. A total of 179 wound swabs were analyzed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The decubitus ulcers were divided into three groups according to wound healing: group A with progressive worsening, group B, stationary, and group C with healing within 10 weeks. The aerobic bacteria isolated from the three groups were significantly different (p less than 0.0001). In group A Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in 88%, enterococci in 73% and Providentia in 34%, whereas in group B staphylococci were found in 69%, enterococci in 62% and E. coli in 32%. In group C staphylococci dominated with 91%, followed by enterococci (51%) and E. coli (25%). Anaerobic microorganisms were significantly (p less than 0.01) more frequent in decubitus ulcers with poor healing tendency (group A and B) than in healing ulcers (group C). These results suggest that bacterial growth on decubital ulcers significantly influences decubital ulcer healing. Furthermore, bacteriological examinations are of prognostic value and the results should be considered in treatment.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1979

[Prevention and therapy of decubitus ulcer. Oxygen availability in the skin as a function of imposed skin pressure].

Pressure is of crucial importance in the formation of decubitus ulcers. In order to elucidate the effect of imposed skin pressure we measured with a new cutaneous oxygen sensor the skin oxygen tension under increasing pressure upon skin tissue on hard sites (bony prominences) and upon soft sites (muscle padded areas). On hard sites the skin oxygen tension fell rapidly under increasing pressure (y = 90.9--0.39 x/r = 0.98) from initially 86.4 +/- 10.6 to 20.2 +/- 12.1 mmHg under an imposing skin pressure of 175 g/cm2. On soft sites a pressure load of 175 g/cm2 decreased the skin oxygen tension only from 82.9 +/- 5.8 to 71.4 +/- 10.0 mmHg. Our results may explain why hard sites (bony prominences) are preferential areas in decubitus ulcer formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Skin oxygen tension as a function of imposed skin pressure: implication for decubitus ulcer formation.

Pressure is a crucial factor in the formation of decubitus ulcers. To elucidate the effect of imposed skin pressure, a new cutaneous oxygen sensor was used to measure the skin oxygen tension under increasing pressure upon skin tissue at "hard sites" (bony prominences) and at "soft sites" (muscle-padded areas). At hard sites the skin oxygen tension fell rapidly under increasing pressure (y = 90.9--0.39. X; r = 0.98) from an initial value of 86.4 +/- 10.6 to 20.2 +/- 12.1 mm Hg under an imposed skin pressure load of 175 gm/cm 2. At soft sites a pressure load of 175 gm/cm 2 decreased the skin oxygen tension only from 82.9 +/- 5.8 to 71.4 +/- 10.0 mm Hg. These results may explain why hard sites (bony prominences) are preferential areas for decubitus ulcer formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Energy and vitamin requirements in long-term patients].

Chronically ill elderly patients who are unable to eat independently and often refuse food are threatened by malnutrition, even under conditions of long-term tube feeding. As the daily requirement of energy, protein, and vitamins varies according to the health of the patients, the higher need for food in conditions often seen in elderly patients such as decubital ulcers, infectious diseases, carcinomas, and after surgery should not be overlooked. The possibilities of modifying food supply require a knowledge of eating habits and of the exact composition of nutrients per volume of the preparation used for tube feeding.

Aged↗