Biomedical subjects

W Mueller

Publications and source records attributed to W Mueller.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1976

[Semi continuous low rate irradiation by telecobalt (author's transl)].

The current status of knowledge regarding low rate telecobalt irradiation does not permit any definitive conclusions. However, it has shown that this technique of irradiation, on condition that it is given in two fractions separated by three weeks, is without major risk for healthy tissue, the tolerance of skin being particularly remarkable, and with immediate very satisfactory results on the tumour. Strict statistical comparison will be necessary, however, if a final judgment is to be made. Thus a study group of the O.E.R.T.C. has decided to undertake a comparative study between classical fractioned irradiation and semi-continuous low rate irradiation. The trial involves only cancers of the base of the tongue he has began in January 1976.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗

PubMed1975

Long-term parenteral nutrition in the home.

A program to train patients to self-administer total parenteral nutrition solutions at home is described. The method of training, equipment used, results obtained and the role of the pharmacist in this program are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Skin evaporative water loss (SE) and skin conductance (SC) under various psychophysiological conditions.

A procedure for measuring tonic and phasic reaction components of skin evaporative water loss (SE) on the basis of a capacitive measurement principle is developed and used in a psychophysiological study employing various stimulus conditions. SE and skin conductance (SC) are registered continuously to obtain comparative data of both biosignals for research concerning the underlying mechanisms of EDA. Results indicate that correlations of some phasic parameters of SC and SE prove to be rather high (up to 0.88), tonic parameters (the levels SCL and SEL), however, show less covariance (0.44). The intersituational discriminative efficiency of SC-parameters appears generally better than those of SE. SCL, as well as SEL, show the highest percentage of person variance. A rather high redundancy of the two biosignals, both taken from neighbouring areas of the right palm, has been found. An unexplicable residual may, however, lend some support to the notion of a partial independence of EDA from sweating.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Can we continue research in splenectomized dogs? Mycoplasma haemocanis: old problem--new insight.

We report the appearance of a Mycoplasma haemocanis infection in laboratory dogs, which has been reported previously, yet, never before in Europe. Outbreak of the disease was triggered by a splenectomy intended to prepare the dogs for a hemorrhagic shock study. The clinical course of the dogs was dramatic including anorexia and hemolytic anemia. Treatment included allogeneic transfusion, prednisone, and oxytetracycline. Systematic follow-up (n = 12, blood smears, antibody testing and specific polymerase chain reaction) gives clear evidence that persistent eradication of M. haemocanis is unlikely. We, therefore, had to abandon the intended shock study. In the absence of effective surveillance and screening for M. haemocanis, the question arises whether it is prudent to continue shock research in splenectomized dogs.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Implications of parental compliance on decision making in care provided using general anesthesia in a low-income population.

The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance of parents for bringing the child back to the dentist for follow up dental care to aid in the decision making for care provided to the children of low income families requiring general anesthesia. The dental records of 244 children of low-income families were examined. Forty-three percent of the patients did not return for follow-up dental care. Consideration should be given to modifying treatment plans to include full coverage restorations and possibly delaying treatment before the eruption of the primary second molars.

Anesthesia, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo detection of postictal perturbations of cerebral metabolism by use of proton MR spectroscopy: preliminary results in a canine model of prolonged generalized seizures.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Biochemical studies of seizures in patients and laboratory animals have monitored postictal perturbations in cerebral metabolism with either invasive techniques or with such noninvasive techniques as nuclear medicine, MR imaging, in vivo phosphorus MR spectroscopy (MRS), and in vivo proton MRS at field strengths of 1.5 T or above. We investigated postictal metabolic changes in a generalized seizure model with in vivo proton MRS at 0.5 T, in which the combination of glutamate and glutamine resonances (denoted glx) can be modeled as a singlet. METHODS: Five adult mongrel dogs underwent control and postictal experiments in which single-voxel proton MR spectra were obtained from the right frontal lobe cortex with a point-resolved spectroscopy technique approximately every 20 minutes for 3 hours. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), glx, and creatine (Cr) were quantified in absolute millimolar units with a cerebral water-referenced algorithm. Inter- and intrasubject differences in mean metabolite concentrations collected throughout the 3-hour period were compared using an unpaired, two-tailed Student's t test at a.05 level of significance. RESULTS: We found a significant increase (15.4%) in the postictal intersubject mean glx concentration, as well as a 23.7% postictal decrease in the intersubject mean Cr concentration. A trend toward a subtle decrease in postictal intersubject mean NAA concentration was not statistically significant. We also observed a substantial qualitative increase in the combination of postictal lactate and free fatty acid peaks. CONCLUSIONS: The glx, NAA, lactate, and free fatty acid results are in general agreement with previous studies of postictal perturbations in cerebral metabolism measured with invasive biochemical or noninvasive high-field-strength in vivo MRS detection assays. Given a high sensitivity for glx at 0.5 T relative to 1.5 T, further studies of postictal mesial temporal lobe structures are warranted in chronic animal preparations that model temporal lobe epilepsy.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dental erosion associated with asymptomatic gastroesophageal reflux.

An eight-year-old girl presented with severe erosion of the primary dentition and early erosion of the erupted permanent teeth. Although the pattern of erosion was consistent with that seen with acid erosion, the diagnosis could not be elucidated from the patient's symptoms, or medical or dental history. A 24-hour pH probe study documented severe gastroesophageal acid reflux. Oral salivary pH tested during sleep nightly for one week revealed low oral pH. Treatment with metoclopramide and ranitidine was instituted to decrease acid availability for reflux. Custom-fitted, maxillary and mandibular trays were fashioned to deliver sodium fluoride gel twice daily, and fissure sealants were placed in the hopes of retarding erosion of existing permanent teeth, as well as preventing similar erosion of erupting permanent dentition.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized multicenter trial of adjuvant intraportal chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (SAKK 40/81). An interim report.

A prospective, randomized trial of adjuvant portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in combination with mitomycin C was conducted on 469 patients with operable colorectal cancer. A single postoperative course of the cytotoxic agents was compared with radical surgery alone. The actuarial 5-year survival (median follow-up 48 months) was 70 +/- 3% in the chemotherapy group and 57 +/- 4% in the control group (p = 0.10). The respective figures for disease-free survival were 62 +/- 4% and 53 +/- 4% (p = 0.09). Among the 195 cases with strict adherence to the protocol for adjuvant chemotherapy there were 59 recurrences and 44 deaths in the follow-up period, whereas in the 274 with no or incomplete chemotherapy there were 120 recurrences and 99 deaths (p less than 0.05). Perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy via portal infusion proved to be feasible in a multicenter setting. Follow-up will be continued, in order to provide definitive information on survival according to randomization.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Multifunctional instrument for operative laparoscopy: technical, experimental and clinical results in gynaecology.

Whilst endoscopic surgical procedures are getting increasingly more complex, in the various surgical disciplines mono- and bifunctional instruments are only slowly being replaced by multifunctional ones. Therefore a complex, intelligent system was developed, the central part of which is a multifunctional instrument. All basic functions necessary for surgical laparoscopy are integrated and comprise: cutting electrodes (unipolar and bipolar) which can be advanced or retracted pneumatically; coagulation forceps with mechanical control; and irrigation and suction devices. All 5 mm instruments can be used and there is an option for others, such as laser or aqua-dissection. The various functions are controlled via the handle of the multifunctional instrument which is connected to the electronic control unit, the MULTILAP system, which supplies the energy, material, and information flow required. In vivo standardised experiments in pigs were first performed to test the new instrument. Operation time was reduced by more than 20% when compared with the same procedure performed conventionally, during which frequent changing of instruments was necessary. Clinical application, without complications in all 30 patients (uterus preserving procedures or reconstructive tubo-ovarian surgery) confirmed the advantages of a multifunctional device, with optimised cutting and coagulation of vessels more than 1-2 mm in diameter, and reduced duration of operation. Safety and ergonomics were improved. Thus, an electronically controlled instrument with multifunctional working channels for lasers, ultrasound appliances, or mechanical instruments is available for application in all domains of operative laparoscopy.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Medicotechnical basics of surgery using invasive ultrasonic energy.

Surgical techniques that use invasive ultrasonic energy for dissection and aspiration are a most advantageous extension of the methodological spectrum of conventional and endoscopic surgery. This article presents the technico-physical basics of the technology of ultrasonic surgery and the specific mechanisms underlying its effects on biologic tissue. A synopsis is given of the main fields of application of the ultrasonic aspirator in various surgical disciplines.

Dissection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Functional MR of frontal lobe activation: comparison with Wada language results.

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to determine the utility of functional MR imaging in conjunction with a word-generation paradigm in the assessment of language lateralization. METHODS: Functional MR imaging and Wada testing for language lateralization was performed in patients with complex partial seizures during the performance of word-generation tasks. A language lateralization quotient was calculated from the number of activated pixels in the right and left hemispheres. A language laterality score was derived from the Wada results as the percentage of correct responses during right internal carotid artery injection minus the percentage of correct responses during left internal carotid injection. A correlation coefficient between the functional MR imaging results and the Wada language laterality scores was calculated. RESULTS: In 13 patients, hemispheric dominance based on Wada testing was confirmed by functional MR imaging during silent word generation. The Wada laterality scores varied from 100 to -100 and the functional MR imaging scores varied from 100 to -10. The language lateralization scores determined by functional MR imaging correlated significantly with the language lateralization scores derived from Wada testing. CONCLUSION: Functional MR imaging performed during word generation is an accurate method for lateralizing language function in patients with complex partial epilepsy.

Adult↗