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Biomedical subjects

W Moore

Publications and source records attributed to W Moore.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Islet neoformation in tissue culture.

We have devised a tissue culture system that permits de novo formation of islets. Neonatal rat pancreata are enzymatically dissociated into single cells. The cell suspension is filtered through polyester cloth with 20 microns pores to exclude cell aggregates as well as preformed islets and a single cell suspension is then plated into tissue culture dishes at a density precluding reaggregation. Pancreatic cells proliferate forming numerous colonies of epithelioid cells. After a confluent monolayer, cells proliferate into a third dimension, the space occupied by the culture medium. Third dimensional proliferation occurs from basal monolayers of epithelioid colonies. At about 9 days in culture, numerous hillocks are visible that are spaced at about 1 mm from one another. Islets are observed to bud from the hillock surfaces. In 1 micron-thick sections, secretion granules are detected with the light microscope in some islet cells. With the electron microscope three basic cell types are seen. One peripherally located cell type is sparsely granulated and appears to be a precursor cell. The other peripherally located cell type shows a homogeneous population of secretion granules characteristic of A-cells. The third cell type is found in the interior of islets containing granules characteristic of B-cells. Islet cells, but not hillock cells, react immunocytochemically for insulin and glucagon. The cultures secrete 2 to 10-fold the amounts of glucagon present in fresh medium. It is concluded that differentiation of A- and B-cells occurs in neoformed islets.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Optimal proximal anastomosis/tunnel for axillofemoral grafts.

The proximal anastomosis of the axillofemoral graft may be optimally placed with standard "cobra-head" technique at an oblique angle to the axillary artery if a subpectoralis minor course of the graft into the anterior-inferior axilla is used. Theoretical advantages of such an anastomosis include improved flow characteristics, decreased tendency to pseudoaneurysm formation, and a decreased tendency to axillary artery thrombosis or brachial artery embolus.

Axillary Artery↗
PubMed1985

Is pain crisis a cause of death in sickle cell disease?

It has been a matter of controversy as to whether patients with sickle cell disease die of crisis or merely in crisis. The authors reviewed the 74 patients with sickle cell disease autopsied at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. From clinical review, there were 20 (27%) who died with pain crisis, 51 (69%) who died without pain crisis, and 3 (4%) for whom documentation was insufficient. On pathology review, death was attributable to infection in 19 (26%), uremia in 9 (12%), sequestration crisis in 9 (12%), necrotic bone marrow emboli in 7 (9%), and miscellaneous causes in 14 (19%); in 16 (22%) patients no cause of death could be identified. Death was explained in 47/51 (92%) patients without pain crisis; but only in 11/20 (55%, P less than 0.01) patients dying in pain crisis. The disproportionately large number of patients dying in pain crisis with an unexplained cause of death suggests that pain crisis may account for the death of some patients with sickle cell disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Powassan viral encephalitis: a review and experimental studies in the horse and rabbit.

Powassan virus strain M794, a member of the Flavivirus genus known to infect man and animals in Canada, was inoculated intracerebrally into rabbits and horses. No clinical signs were observed in rabbits, but widespread encephalitis resulted, characterized by lymphoid perivascular cuffing, lymphocytic meningitis, and lymphocytic choroiditis. In horses, eight days after inoculation, prominent neurological signs occurred and lesions were those of non-suppurative encephalomyelitis, neuronal necrosis, and focal parenchymal necrosis. The virus could not be reisolated from the rabbit or horse brains. Pathologic features, useful in separating some of the common North American equine neurological diseases, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Iatrogenic vascular injury during peripheral revascularization.

Iatrogenic vascular injury may occur during peripheral revascularization procedures secondary to the application of vascular occlusive devices. This review summarizes the known mechanical causes of such injury, relates this to clamp design, and suggests methods to minimize such injury by appropriate selection and handling of vascular occlusive clamps.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Rehabilitation for lower extremity amputation.

The results of rehabilitation for lower-extremity amputation were analyzed to assess the impact of a center that used a coordinated team combined with modern surgical and prosthetic techniques. Data for group 1 patients (amputated between July 1, 1975, and June 30, 1977) demonstrated a healing rate of 63%, a mean rehabilitation time of 128 days, a mean hospitalization time of 68 days, and a rehabilitation rate of 69% for those who could walk prior to amputation. Data for group 2 (amputated between July 1, 1977, and July 30, 1979) demonstrated an amputation healing rate of 97%, an average rehabilitation time of 30.8 days, a mean hospitalization time of 38 days, and a rehabilitation rate of 100% for those patients who could walk before amputation. There was no difference between groups 1 and 2 in surgical mortality; all other variables, however, showed significant improvement for group 2 patients. Comparison within the same institution of the results of rehabilitation for lower-extremity amputation before and after the initiation of a dedicated amputation center clearly demonstrated the superiority of the center concept.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane of Bacteroides fragilis by an antibody-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in physiologic fluids and infected animals.

LPS antigen of Bacteroides fragilis (CDC strain 5462) was measured in vitro in physiologic buffer and undilute human sera by using an antibody-inhibition ELISA system. Other studies were performed to assess detection of the outer membrane antigen from this organism. LPS was repetitively detected at 20 to 50 ng/ml dry weight, and outer membranes were detected at 200 ng/ml total protein in physiologic buffers and human membranes were detected at 200 ng/ml total protein in physiologic buffers and human sera. LPS of other type strains was also detected. Prior incubation of the reagent antibody with multiple whole Enterobacteriaceae organisms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa did not alter test results. Bacteremic rats were easily separated into those with B. fragilis (N = 15) and Escherichia coli (N = 14) bacteremias. Sera from rats in which subcutaneous abscesses were produced with 18 strains of Enterobacteriaceae inhibited detection antibody significantly less than did sera from 30 rats in which abscesses were produced with 11 strains of b. fragilis (p less than 0.01). Although values from the group of animals challenged with B. fragilis were significantly different from the group challenged with Enterobacteriaceae, the present results lack significant sensitivity and specificity for clinical application.

Abscess↗
PubMed1980

Pulmonary function and pathology in cats exposed 28 days to diesel exhaust.

Young adult male cats were exposed 28 days, 20 hrs per day, to a 1:14 dilution of diesel exhaust emissions. Following termination of exposure, the following pulmonary function measurements were carried out: lung volumes, maximum expiratory flow rates (MEF), MEF at 50%, 25% and 10% of vital capacity (VC): forced expiratory volume (FEV) after 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 sec, dynamic compliance, resistance and helium washout at 25, 50, 75, and 100 breaths per min. The only significant functional change was a decrease in MEF at 10% of VC (P x .02). The lungs of the exposed cats appeared charcoal grey with frequent focal black spots visible on the pleural surface. Pathologic changes in the exposed cats included a predominantly peribronchiolar localization of black-pigmented macrophages within the alveoli producing a focal pneumonitis or alveolitis. In general, evidence of serious lung damage was not observed following the 28-day exposure period.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Winter vomiting disease caused by calicivirus.

The clinical, epidemiological, and virological features of an outbreak of winter vomiting disease among London schoolchildren are described. Evidence is presented to support the view that this epidemic was caused by a human calicivirus, a virus not previously shown to be associated with this disease in man.

Caliciviridae↗