Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Miller.
The gal operon of Escherichia coli is controlled by two independent promotors--one is activated and the other inhibited by cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP receptor protein. The two promotors are modulated, however, by the same operator locus and receptor protein.
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We performed daily examination of 80 patients with recurrent herpes simplex labialis to define the course of the disease and to identify quantitative and objective measurements for use in monitoring the efficacy of antiviral chemotherapy. Pain, lesion size, mean virus titers from lesion swabs (10(5) plaque-forming units [PFU]) and frequency of virus-positive lesions (89 per cent) were maximal during the first 24 hours and decreased thereafter. Lesion punch-biopsy virus titers increased from a mean of less than 10(1) PFU in the prodromal and erythema stages to a mean of 10(4.7) in the vesicle stage. MEasurements potentially useful in monitoring antiviral efficacy include: time to loss of crust, time to complete healing, intensity and duration of lesion pain, area defined by lesion virus titer and duration of lesion virus excretion, and maximum lesion virus titer after the first visit. Early application of topical antiviral therapy should theoretically be able to alter the course of this disease.
A case report of a method of repair of a recto-urethral fistula is described. A combined synchronous abdominoperineal approach was used with the patient in the lithotomy-Trendelenburg position. The greater omentum was mobilized and interposed between the repaired rectum and the prostatic urethra. A review of the literature is presented.
1 The relative effects of prostaglandin E1, bradykinin and histamine on canine synovial vascular permeability were investigated by a method based on the measurement of the amounts of radiolabelled dextran (molecular weight 20,000) leaking from the circulation into the synovial cavity. 2 Bradykinin, prostaglandin E1 and histamine in that order of potency all increased synovial vascular permeability. Threshold concentrations were 0.3 micrometer, 3 micrometer and 30 micrometer respectively. 3 The effects of infusion of prostaglandin E1 combined with either bradykinin or histamine were greater than mere summation.
Two patients with sickle cell disease presented with joint pain and early x-ray evidence of articular cartilage loss. Both later developed increasingly destructive arthritis with chronic synovitis identified in synovial biopsies. One patient developed demonstrable aseptic necrosis. Destructive arthropathy is much less common than the frequent transient effusions in sickle cell disease.
The in vitro mineralization of predentin (PD) and of the organic component of dentin (OD) has been studied in a supersaturated solution of calcium phosphate at 37 C and pH=7.4 at total calcium and phosphate concentrations close to those in vivo. The mineralization of OD can be divided into at least three periods based upon the morphology and the specific surface area of the mineral phase formed. Dissolution of the newly precipitated mineral on OD revealed a stoichiometry close to that for octacalcium phosphate. In contrast, PD was ineffective as a crystal nucleator. The mineralization of the inorganic component of dentin (ID) and whole dentin (D) has also been examined.
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The metabolic fate of the orally effective cephalosporin antibiotic cefaclor (Lilly 99638) has been studied in rats, mice, and dogs. Cefaclor is efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as the intact antibiotic. In rats and mice, cefaclor, for the most part, escapes metabolism in the body and is eliminated unchanged as unaltered antibiotic, primarily by renal excretion. In dogs, however, cefaclor is more labile to metabolism and only a portion of the administered antibiotic is eliminated unchanged via the kidney.
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Three children had an arteriovenous fistula between an aberrant vessel from the descending aorta and a normal pulmonary vein in the posterior basal segment of a lung. The affected lung was otherwise normally developed. Only a few similar cases could be found in the literature.
This paper will review some of the theoretical and clinical features of masochism from an eclectic point of view. The topic of masochism has been taken up by authors of many perspectives because it addresses one of the anomalous, absurd, difficult-to-explain aspects of behavior for which no psychological system has an easy answer. Therefore, a wide-ranging literature on the topic of masochism is available. However, few previous reviewers have attempted to draw from a variety of disciplines and theoretical frameworks. In this review the historical development of the term and some of the psychoanalytic conceptualizations will be presented first. Since previous reviews of masochism from a strictly psychoanalytic perspective are adequate (Brenner, 1959; Eisenbud, 1967; Fenichel, 1945; Loewenstein, 1957; Panken, 1967), our discussions of masochism will be developed employing more extensively the interpersonal, social, learning theory, and biological perspectives.
Utilizing some known physiological preovulatory hormone levels and specific cytological end-points, experiments were carried out with two different media to obtain a clearer understanding of meiotic maturation in vitro of ewe, cow, monkey and human oocytes. In the first series of experiments, it was shown that, in McCoy's medium, ovine LH, prostaglandin E1 and ovine prolactin increased the percentage of divisions of ewe oocytes, without cAMP as a demonstrable intermediate. Monkey oocytes incubated in McCoy's medium with fetal calf serum were stimulated by ovine LH, prostaglandin E2 or cAMP. Human oocytes were stimulated to divide in Diploid medium by ovine LH, oestradiol-17 beta with LH added later, or prostaglandin E1. Diploid medium containing added sheep serum markedly inhibited the meiotic activity of ewe oocytes when ovine LH, HCG, cAMP, prostaglandin E1 and E2 of prolactin were added. This effect was studied by separating the contained fetal calf and sheep sera. It was noted that when LH, HCG, or prostaglandins E1 and E2 were added to a system utilizing fetal calf serum, only spontaneous resumption of meiosis occurred: stimulated and spontaneous activity were reduced when cAMP or prolactin were added. The inhibition of ewe oocyte maturation in Diploid medium with sheep serum and additives was also seen with cow oocytes incubated in Diploid medium containing fetal calf serum and LH, HCG, cAMP or prostaglandin E1 and E2. Cow oocytes incubated in McCoy's medium with equivalent fetal calf serum and added LH were sharply inhibited but spontaneous maturation persisted in the presence of added HCG, cAMP or bovine prolactin.