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Biomedical subjects

W Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to W Meyer.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
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Glucocorticoid receptor characteristics in healthy childrens' leukocytes: correlation with gender, weight, age and plasma cortisol.

This study evaluated the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding capacity of mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) in male and female, obese and non-obese children and adolescents. Fifteen male and eleven female subjects, ages 6.3 to 21 years, approximately equally divided between obese and non-obese were included. The age distribution was equivalent among groups. Average GR binding capacity and apparent dissociation constant (Kd) did not differ significantly between the obese and non-obese groups. However, females averaged 7280 +/- 1440 GR sites/MNL, significantly more than males with 5720 +/- 1132 sites/MNL (p = 0.005). There was no significant difference in average Kd between the groups nor was there a difference in the GR characteristics with respect to subjects' age, plasma cortisol concentrations, or degree of adiposity. While in the group studied, there were no differences in MNL GR characteristics based on subjects' weight, age or plasma cortisol, female subjects' MNL averaged 27% greater GR binding capacity than males. This difference appears to be concentrated in the pubertal subgroup.

Adolescent↗
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A study of the substrate and inhibitor specificities of AMP aminohydrolase, 5'-nucleotidase, and adenylate kinase with adenosine carboxylates of variable chain length.

A series of AMP analogs in which a terminal carboxylate residue, linked to C 4' of the ribose moiety of adenosine by zero, one, or two methylene groups (1,2,3) or by the unsaturated ethylidene link (4) replaces the phosphate anion, is tested for activity as substrates or effectors of three enzymes known to interact with AMP with a different degree of specificity. 2-4 are substrates of AMP aminohydrolase, 3 and 4 are competitive inhibitors of adenylate kinase, and all acids produce competitive inhibition of the least specific enzyme, 5'-nucleotidase. These activities can be correlated with the intramolecular flexibility of anionic substituent and adenine base which in turn is expressed in typical shifts of the proton magnetic resonance signal of purine H-8. The uronic acid 1, having a rigid molecular conformation, is inactive towards two AMP-dependent enzymes and little active with the third, indicating that this type of compound is not suitable as a nucleotide antagonist whereas nucleoside carboxylates of type 2 and 3 have a higher potential as effectors of nucleotide metabolism.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The structure of the skin of the ear in domesticated pigs, with special reference to their use for human dermatological research. 2. Specific histology of the integument].

Based on light microscopy, the study describes the specific histology of the ear integument of the white domesticated pig. After careful tissue fixation and embedding, routine histological staining, collagen fibre staining, fat demonstration based on frozen sections, and ink injection of the integumental blood vessel system were applied. A detailed description is presented of the structure of the skin layers (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis), the ear cartilage envelopes (fascia, perichondrium), the plica scaphae, the blood vessel distribution, the architecture of the collagen fibre bundles, as well as the hair follicles and the skin glands (sebaceous glands, apocrine tubular glands). The results are discussed with regard to a direct comparison with the histological structure of the human integument, and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the porcine ear skin as model system in human dermatological research are emphasized.

Animals↗
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[The structure of the skin of the ear in domesticated pigs, with special reference to their use for human dermatological research. 1. Macroscopic aspects and hair coat].

To begin with, the study describes macroscopically the typical pigmentation, form and surface sculpture of the external ear of the white domesticated pig. Then the palpable stability and elasticity of the ear integument is analyzed, followed by a detailed and microscopically assisted description of the fine relief of the skin surface, the hair line, the hair density, the angle of hair follicle insertion, and the arrangement of hair follicles on both sides of the auricle. The results obtained are discussed with special regard to the use of the porcine ear integument as a model for human skin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histochemical analysis of glycoconjugates in the eccrine glands of the raccoon digital pads.

The distribution and selectivity of complex carbohydrates in the eccrine glands of the digital pads in the North American raccoon (Procyon lotor) were studied using light and electron microscopic histochemical methods, particularly lectin histochemistry. In the eccrine glands, the dark cells exhibited neutral and acidic glycoconjugates with different saccharide residues (alpha-L-fucose, beta-D-galactose, beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-neuraminic acid); the clear cells contained numerous glycogen particles and showed a distinct reaction of alpha-L-fucose. The presence of complex carbohydrates with various terminal sugars was evident in the excretory duct cells. In addition, beta-D-galactose and N-acetyl-neuraminic acid residues were mainly observed in the luminal secretion. The glycoconjugates produced by the eccrine glands of the raccoon digital pads may protect the epidermis against physical damage or microbial contamination. In this way, the normal functioning of the sensory apparatus of the foot pads is ensured.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative distribution of sulphur, thiols and disulphides in the porcine stratum corneum.

Biochemical, histochemical and cytochemical analyses were used to determine the sulphur contents and the thiol and disulphide distribution in the stratum corneum (SC) of the wild boar (WB), a large domestic pig breed (DP) and the Goettingen miniature pig (GMP). The sulphur contents (% DW) were different in the three animal types (WB: 1.70-1.38 body, 0.54 ear; DP: 0.84-0.53 body, 0.50 ear; GMP: 2.28-2.51 body, 2.66 ear). The results of the histochemical analysis of SH- and -S-S- groups were clear, and densitometrical extinctions were highest in most body regions of the GMP for thiols and disulphides, followed by the DP for thiols, and the WB for disulphides. Absolute SC thickness was highest in the body of the GMP (62-80 mum), and generally lowest in the ear (20-38 mum) of all animal types. Relative SC thickness was the same for all animals in the body (40-66%), but lower in the ear (30%). Only -S-S- concentrations were correlated with SC thickness, and primarily in the GMP. Cytochemical analysis showed that high sulphur concentrations were obvious particularly in the CCE of corneal cells in the DP, as compared to the cytoplasm. Intracellular sulphur distribution was homogenous in the WB, and in the GMP, although in the latter at a higher concentration level. The results indicate breed-related effects on keratinisation in porcine corneal cells. Only the SC of the outer side of the ear of DP females is recommended as a model for humans.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological, histochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of secretory production of the ciliary glands in the porcine eyelid.

In addition to performing general histology and cytology of the ciliary glands of the miniature pig, we studied the localization of glycoconjugates and beta-defensins in these glands with the use of carbohydrate histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The secretory cells of the glands were equipped with non-homogeneous secretory granules, a well-developed Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The secretory epithelium and luminal secretion of the glands contained large amounts of neutral and acidic glycoconjugates with various saccharide residues (alpha-L-Fuc, beta-D-Gal, alpha-D-GalNAc and sialic acid). The sebaceous glands and tarsal glands also exhibited positive reactions to most of the histochemical methods. Additionally, the antimicrobial peptide group of beta-defensins was demonstrated to be products of the ciliary glands, as well as the sebaceous glands and tarsal glands. The results obtained are discussed with regard to the specific function of the ciliary glandular secretions. These secretory products may be related to the moistening and general protection of the skin surface of the eyelid and ocular surface.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microscopic studies of the skin of the Turkish Angora goat. I. Skin layers].

The study describes basic structural aspects of the integumental layers (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) of the Turkish Angora goat. The results have been obtained by light- and electronmicroscopical methods. Central topics are measurements of layer thickness as related to annual season and life period, as well as typical criteria of integumental layer construction as connected with the hair cycle. Remarkable is a trimerous organization of the dermis and cyclic changes in the thickness of the stratum adiposum of the hypodermis. The findings are discussed with regard to comparable observations from other domestic mammals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Species determination of mammals based on the hair cuticle pattern--a comparison of domestic mammals and their wild ancestors from the forensic viewpoint].

Based on a computer-assisted method, mammalian species were determined according to the cuticula pattern of guard hairs, comparing domesticated mammals and their wild parent species. The results obtained demonstrate that relevant species identification can only be done for the wild species, whereas this is prevented in the domesticated animals by the variety of breeds and the domestication defects included. The consequences related for a forensic use of hairs are discussed. With regard to this purpose it is not reasonable to use mammalian hairs for species determination, because of the high variations of most of the structural parameters of the hairs of domesticated mammals normally found in human habitants.

Animals↗
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On the other hand.

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Complementary Therapies↗