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Biomedical subjects

W Meier

Publications and source records attributed to W Meier.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Idiopathic hypercalciuria with bilateral macular colobomata: a new variant of oculo-renal syndrome.

Two siblings from a consanguineous family, suffering from nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis caused by idiopathic hypercalciuria are described. The condition is associated with bilateral macular colobomata and tapeto-retinal degeneration. It is known that the latter can occur together with different nephropathies; however, until now it has never been described in combination with idiopathic hypercalciuria. Blood calcium levels were found to be normal, calcium excretion rates were, with one exception, more than 6 mg/kg/24 h corrected for 100 ml GFR. Hypomagnesemia of 1.5 and 1.2 mg/dl and hyermagnesuria of 1.9 and 2.5 mg/kg/24 h corrected for 100 ml GFR were found in both patients. Tubular phosphate reabsorption reached 87% and 84% at serum parathormone levels of 0.34 microgram/l and 0.31 microgram/l in the two patients, respectively. Under calcium and magnesium loading the clearance rates of calcium and magnesium were raised whilst there was only a small insignificant increase in the blood levels of these cations. Acid-base titrations showed normal excretion rates of acid and base in one patient and a mild proximal tubular acidosis in the other. Quantitative investigation of the renal concentrating and diluting capacity established a decrease in the formation of the medullary concentrating gradient in both patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The mitochondria-rich cell of frog skin as hormone-sensitive "shunt-path".

Further investigations about the role of the mitochondria-rich cell (MR cell) in hormone-mediated transport regulation in the epithelium of frog skin brought the following results: Unlike toad bladder, in frog skin the spontaneous potential difference cannot be reversed when Na transport is blocked. A similar situation is obtained when, in addition to transport-blockade, one applies a chemical gradient for chloride to the epithelium. Under these conditions we found that in the intact preparation as well as in the separated epithelium: (i) the reversed current (RC) is linearly related to the number of MR cells; (ii) RC is mainly carried by a passive, transcellular chloride flux inwards and (iii) RC is sensitive to nor-adrenaline (10(-7) M). The beta-blocker propranolol abolishes this effect. We propose that the MR cells are the sites of transepithelial shunt-path and that this chloride flux is transcellular. As it is hormone sensitive, it could be an important regulatory instrument for the regulation of overall salt transport (internal shorting).

Amiloride↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the differential determination of renin activity in renal venous blood in renal artery stenosis].

Plasma renin activity (PRA) was determined in both renal veins of 37 patients with angiographically proven renal artery stenosis. Renal venous PRA was determined in 17 patients without furosemide stimulation and in 20 patients before and 15 and 30 min after intravenous injection of 40 mg furosemide. 21 of 37 patients showed abnormally high peripheral PRA. In the 17 patients in whom renal venous PRA was measured without stimulation, 11 showed a PRA ratio (PRA stenotic side/PRA unaffected side) greater than or equal to 1.5. The 20 patients in whom stimulation with furosemide was performed were divided into 2 groups each containing 10 patients: The first group was characterized by an increase in PRA ratio after furosemide stimulation, while in the second group this PRA ratio decreased. In the first group mean duration of hypertension was 4.5 years compared to 7.5 years in the second group. In 17 of 37 patients renal artery stenosis was corrected by surgery. After operation 12 patients became normotensive and in 2 patients hypertension improved. There was no effect of renovascular surgery on blood pressure in only 3 patients. None of these patients showed an increasing ratio in response to furosemide. Our results suggest that the validity of renal venous PRA measurements is enhanced when the procedure is performed before and after administration of furosemide.

Furosemide↗
PubMed1976

[Life expectancy and frequency of infarct after aorto-coronary bypass].

Survival rate and incidence of myocardial infarction after aortocoronary bypass operation in 274 patients are presented. Mortality was 5.1% within the first postoperative month and the 5-year-survival rate was 86%. There were 24 perioperative myocardial infarctions and another 21 infarctions over the next 5 years. Comparison of these data with the natural history of coronary heart disease suggests a possible prolongation of survival after bypass surgery. The incidence of myocardial infarction appears to be unchanged.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1976

[Work load hemodynamics before and after aortocoronary bypass].

Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) was studied during exercise in 22 patients pre- and postoperatively under an identical work load. 13 patients showed improvement of LVEDP (normalization in 5), LVEDP was unchanged in 5 (w.n.l. in 2), and had deteriorated in 4. These results suggest that improvement or normalization of LVEDP under exercise following aortocoronary bypass surgery can be assumed if there is complete revascularization, if all grafts are functioning well, if there is no progression of the underlying disease, and if preoperative LV angiography is normal or shows only ischemic (reversible) hypokinesis.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1976

["Impending infarct". Clinical, ergometric and angiographic pre- and postoperative results in 12 emergency operated patients. Preliminary report].

Pre- and postoperative results are presented in 12 patients who underwent emergency aortocoronary bypass. Operative mortality was zero. 1 patient died 8 months after surgery. Postoperative follow-up averaged 12.5 months (2-37 months). Postoperatively, 7 patients were totally angina-free, 1 was considerably improved and 3 were unchanged.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1976

[Experiences with Dotter's percutaneous recanalization of chronic arterial occlusions].

Since 1971 141 patients (mean age 66 years, range 46-85 years) with chronic occlusions of the pelvic (19) and superficial femoral popliteal arteries (122) have been treated by the percutaneous recanalization technique first described by Dotter and Judkins in 1964. Since 1974 we have employed a modification of the original Dotter technique. The occluding material is removed with a double-lumen distensible catheter introduced over a guide wire. Primary success was achieved in 117 (83%) patients. Re-occlusions occurred in 18 patients after 6 months and in 5 patients in the second half of the first year, giving an overall patency rate of 75%. Up to now no further re-occlusions of dilated arterial segments have been observed. Indications for this treatment as compared with vascular surgery are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Proceedings: Clinical findings and coronary morphology before and after aorto-coronary venous bypass].

37 patients (mean age 51+/-8 years) were clinically and angiographically investigated before and 11+/-5 months after implantation of an aortocoronary vein graft. The rate of bypass patency was 78%. Postoperatively 57% of the patients were free of symptoms, 35% were improved and 8% unimproved or worse. The reduced incidence of angina pectoris during exercise testing appears to be correlated with graft patency, an improved vascularization index and probably the absence of preoperative myocardial infarction. The systolic time intervals and the lung-ear time at rest are of no value for differentiation of improved and unimproved patients.

Adult↗