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Biomedical subjects

W Martel

Publications and source records attributed to W Martel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Heterotopic submucosal gastric cysts: Report of two cases, one in association with carcinoma.

Two cases of heterotopic submucosal gastric cysts, one with a coexisting superficial spreading carcinoma, are described. This is an uncommon entity with which radiologists should be familiar. An association between such cysts and carcinoma has been predicated previously. The induction of submucosal gastric cysts in monkeys fed polychlorinated biphenyls is cited, and the potential significance of this observation with regard to such lesions in humans is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Acute chondrolysis complicating slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Radiographs of 20 patients with acute chondrolysis complicating a slipped capital femoral epiphysis were reviewed with emphasis on the radiographic features and differential diagnosis. There was bilateral disease in five instances; radiographic follow-up ranged from 6 months to 5 years. The onset of chondrolysis occurred after surgery in 18 of the 25 abnormal hips. Acute necrosis of the articular cartilage is characterized radiographically by (1) persistent juxtaarticular osteoporosis; (2) progressive narrowing of all or a portion of the cartilage space; and (3) erosion of the subchondral cortices of the femoral head and acetabulum. The radiographic differential diagnosis varies with the stage of disease. The initial osteoporosis is indistinguishable from disuse. The rapid loss of the joint space, accompanied by destruction of the central portions of the subchondral bone, makes differentiation from postoperative infection a common problem. Late changes may resemble either degenerative joint disease or a chronic inflammatory arthritis. The accurate diagnosis of acute chondrolysis depends on correlation of the clinical history and radiographic findings.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Recognition of splenic vein occlusion.

Radiologic findings and medical records of 27 patients with angiographic documentation of splenic vein occlusion were reviewed. The most common causes were pancreatic carcinoma, pancreatitis, and malignant lymphoma. Radiographic findings which suggest splenic vein occlusion are gastric varices without esophageal varices and collateral veins in the left upper abdomen during the vascular phase of rapid sequence pyelography. Additional features may be associated with the underlying disease, such as pancreatic calcification and upper abdominal mass lesions. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by high dose celiac or splenic angiography. Examination of the stomach with barium for the detection of gastric varices is more sensitive than has been previusly recognized; features which suggest them are described. Isolated gastric varices may be a clue to isolated splenic vein occlusion and its underlying causes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The metal-cement interface in total hip prostheses.

Serial radiographs of 101 total hip arthroplasties were reviewed to evaluate the clinical significance of lucent zones at the femoral metal-cement interface. Such lucent zones were identified in 19 hip prostheses, but only in four was there clinical evidence of infection loosening of the prosthesis. The remaining 14 patients (15 prostheses) were followed for periods ranging from 18 months to 5 years; none had complications despite the development of these lucent zones. Microdensitometry confirmed the existence of a true lucent zone in most cases, but in several the apparent lucency was due to the Mach effect. While progressive widening of the lucent zone or a lucency measuring greater than 2 mm in width should prompt careful clinical evaluation for evidence of infection or loosening, our data indicate that such complications need not necessarily be present.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed1977

Voluntary glenohumeral dislocation.

Voluntary dislocation of the shoulder is a rare condition with radiographic findings similar to traumatic dislocation. Although these dislocations may be anterior, the majority are posterior. Three cases of spontaneous dislocation are described. While two of these cases had previous trauma to the joint, it is possible that there is no causal relationship. Voluntary dislocations are usually elicited in abduction and extension; frontal and axillary views are most helpful in demonstrating glenohumeral subluxations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Radiological features of mixed connective tissue disease and scleroderma--systemic lupus erythematosus overlap.

The radiological, clinical, and laboratory features found in seven patients with scleroderma-SLE overlap, including three with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), are described. There were no distinctive roentgenographic features which differentiated those with MCTD from the others with a clinical overlap syndrome of scleroderma and SLE. When features of both coexist in a single patient the radiologist may be the first to suggest the correct diagnosis of overlap syndrome of MCTD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Loss of colonic haustration in progressive systemic sclerosis.

Complete loss of colonic haustration was observed in six cases of progressive systemic sclerosis. Varying degrees of haustral loss or sacculation were noted in twelve others. An increase in colonic length was characteristic and, occasionally, there was slight to moderate generalized dilatation. Correlation of these findings with the microscopic appearance of the colon showed that muscular atrophy and fibrous replacement were consistent findings, varying in degree. Although the data are insufficient to permit definite conclusions, it is suggested that these changes may be responsible for colonic lengthening and loss of haustration. Attention is drawn to the importance of not confusing this appearance with other conditions, particularly chronic ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Lymphoreticular hyperplasia of the stomach (pseudolymphoma).

Three histologically proved cases of gastric lymphoreticular hyperplasia with long term follow-up are reported. This condition is often confused radiologically with ulcerating carcinoma and pathologically with malignant lymphoma. The presence of a large ulcer surrounded by a mass and associated with thick rugal folds and additional gastric or duodenal ulcers is not diagnostic but should suggest the possibility of this condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Traumatic lesions of the discovertebral junction in the lumbar spine.

Lumbar discovertebral abnormalities thought to be due to endogenous or subclinical trauma were evaluated in 22 cases. These consisted of predominantly lytic areas due to intrabody disc herniation in five cases, broad zones of vertebral body sclerosis due to reactive osteitis in 11, and destruction of the vertebral endplates surrounded by diffuse sclerosis in six. Spinal biopsy and negative bacterial cultures were consistent with the diagnosis in eight cases. Follow-up roentgenograms and further clinical evaluation in the remaining 14 showed either no progression or changes consistent with trauma. Only four cases had a history of exogenous trauma. Intrabody disc herniations usually affected the upper vertebral body with characteristic sparing of the adjacent endplate. The sclerotic lesions tended to occur in the anterior portion of the vertebral body, with the inferior aspect of L4 most frequently involved. These may be confused with osteoblastic metastases, particularly if adjacent disc narrowing is minimal. The lack of progressive vertebral fragmentation helps to distinguish this condition from neuroarthropathy. Lesions characterized by destruction of the vertebral endplates and reactive sclerosis simulate infection; absence of a soft tissue mass and clinical signs of sepsis as well as lack of progression are important differential features.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon associated with dysgammaglobulinemia.

A case of dysgammaglobulinemia associated with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon is reported. The patient had typical immunoglobulin deficiency, diarrhea, recurrent respiratory infections, Giardia lamblia in the stool, and lymphoid hyperplasia of the small intestine. His barium enema showed diffuse submucosal nodules. Rectosigmoid biopsy confirmed nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. The similar findings on barium enema in this entity and in lymphosarcoma are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Metaphyseal chondroblastoma of bone.

This report documents the ninth example of a chondroblastoma localized to the metaphysis of a long bone. The tumor appeared as a lytic lesion in the femoral neck of an 18-year-old boy and was associated with a periosteal reaction. When such neoplasms occur in an unusual location with associated periosteal reaction, chondroblastoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Fecaloma simulating colonic neoplasm.

Large, discrete fecal masses in the colon may be confused with neoplasms, particularly if they are relatively immobile. The radiologic features of such masses generally permit their true identification.

Adult↗