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Biomedical subjects

W Marshall

Publications and source records attributed to W Marshall.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Legionnaires' disease in renal transplant patients.

Legionnaires disease, which is commonly manifested as pneumonia, was only recently recognized to be a bacterial infection. Diagnosis can be difficult because Gram's stain does not readily stain the bacterium in pulmonary secretions, the organism is not readily cultured, and legionellae is not affected by many commonly used antibiotics. In a retrospective review of all of our transplant patients, we identified 14 cases of Legionnaires' disease after 101 renal transplants. The patients characteristically had high fever, polymorphonuclear leukocytosis, dyspnea and an unproductive cough accompanied by radiographic changes of consolidating pneumonia. Legionnaires' disease can be diagnosed by direct immunofluorescent antibody staining, culture on special media or increases in serum titers of legionella antibodies in surviving patients. Since the recognition of Legionnaires' disease in 1977, we have successfully treated seven renal transplant patients using erythromycin with or without rifampin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison between iodamide and iothalamate in intravenous urography.

A number of iodinated contrast media such as Iothalamate, whose excretion depends on glomerular filtration are well established for use in intravenous urography. Iodamide, a relatively new iodinated contrast medium, is thought to be actively secreted by the tubules in addition to glomerular filtration. We set out to compare the nephrogram and pyelogram using these two types of contrast medium, injecting each either slowly or rapidly. Only patients with normal plasma urea and creatinine concentrations were included in the assessment. The results, although inconclusive, suggest that the quality of the nephrogram and pyelogram is better with Iodamide than with Iothalamate.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Animal surgery: an adjunct to training in obstetrics and gynecology.

A resident in obstetrics and gynecology obtains adequate experience in basic gynecologic surgery during a 3-year training program, but the technical skill acquired in surgery of the bowel, bladder, ureters, and pelvic vessels is limited by the clinical material available. A program is described in which 3 animal models (dog, rabbit, cat) were used to expand the surgical skills of gynecology residents. The increased surgical competence and professional stimulation provided the residents by this program are shown to be both cost- and time-effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Myotonia dystrophica: unusual features in a Labrador family.

A large family with myotonia dystrophica has been recognized in an isolated area of Labrador. The complete family tree showed 29 of 108 members to be affected, including an infant with the congenital form of the disease. The propositus presented with epiphora and reduced frequency of blinking, with incomplete closure--features that have not previously been stressed. Ten of the younger affected persons had no lens opacities, although most had systemic muscle signs. Slit-lamp examination was therefore not a valuable method of early detection of the disease in the family. Many of the women affected by myotonia dystrophica had obstetric complications, particularly hydramnios, premature onset of labour, necessity for cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal death. Hydramnios was associated in each instances with perinatal death. The fetus in each case of hydramnios may have had the gene for myotonia dystrophica. Immunoglobulin A concentrations were reduced significantly in 27 affected persons in comparison with 77 unaffected family members. There were no such differences for the other immunoglobulin classes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The WISC-R and WRAT as indicators of arithmetic achievement in juvenile delinquents.

The relationship of the WISC-R Arithmetic and WRAT Arithmetic scales to grades was determined for a sample of 8 female and 14 male juvenile delinquents. The WISC-R correlated .538 with grades and .302 with the WRAT, while the WRAT correlated .289 with grades. The WISC-R also correlated .508 with sex (females scoring higher). While WRAT Arithmetic is questioned as an indicator of academic achievement, WISC-R accounts for 29% of grades variance and may be a useful correlate.

Achievement↗
PubMed1976

The phacoemulsification procedure. I. The effect of intraocular irrigating solutions on the corneal endothelium.

Irrigating solutions for intraocular purposes were evaluated for their possible damaging effects on the corneal endothelial cell structure and function. Rabbit corneal endothelium was perfused in vitro with Tis-u-Sol, Travenol Ringer's Solution, or Travenol Sodium Chloride. The irrigating solutions caused an immediate corneal swelling of 67 mum per hour +/- 5 (mean +/- standard error), which was not modified by a previous stabilization perfusion with glutathione-bicarbonate Ringer's (GBR). In contrast, the Plasma-lyte-148 solution which is used in the phacoemulsification procedure, did not cause corneal swelling for more than twenty minutes, and for more than sixty minutes if the cornea was perfused after a GBR stabilization. After more than sixty minutes of corneal swelling, endothelial intercellular junction separations appeared. This breakdown was present with the tested irrigating solutions except for Travenol Ringer's Solution, which contained calcium. Plasma-lyte was also evaluated in conjunction with the surgical phacoemulsification procedure. The complete procedure or just irrigation with ultrasound did not cause endothelial cell damage similar to a prolonged in vitro irrigation. Instead, endothelial cells were traumatically damaged in varying degrees by the surgical manipulations.

Animals↗