Biomedical subjects

W Liu

Publications and source records attributed to W Liu.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

Transsphenoidal microsurgical removal of large pituitary adenomas.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the diagnostic modes, transsphenoidal microsurgical technique and outcomes of 145 patients with pituitary macroadenoma or giant pituitary adenoma. METHODS: A total of 145 patients suffering from pituitary macroadenoma or giant pituitary adenoma with suprasellar extension were performed with transsphenoidal microsurgery in our department. Diagnoses were made by CT or MRI scanning. All adenomas had suprasellar extension (extension size: > 10 mm). Operations were performed via either sublabio-septo-sphenoidal approach or naso-vestibulo-sphenoidal approach under microscope. During operation, a subarachnoid catheter was inserted into the lumbar cistern, via the catheter saline was slowly injected to increase the intracranial pressure (ICP) and to deliver the suprasellar tumor into the operative field for easy removal. RESULTS: The gross total removal of adenoma in 102 patients (70.4%) and subtotal removal in 35 patients (24.1%) were achieved; partial removal was carried out in the remaining 8 patients (5.5%) with fibrous or dumbbell-shaped adenomas. There were no deaths after surgery. Long-term follow-up observation (median: 3.5 years) in 132 patients revealed good recovery in 93 (70.5%) and late recurrence in 39 (29.5%). Those patients with tumor recurrence underwent reoperation, drug therapy, radiotherapy, and radiosurgery either alone or in combination. CONCLUSION: Except for fibrous and dumbbell-shaped ones, microsurgical technique via transsphenoidal approach is a safe and effective way to remove large pituitary adenomas.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1998

Clinical features of the femoral head necrosis caused by gross teres ligament after reduction for the developmental dislocation of the hip.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical features of the femoral head necrosis caused by a gross teres ligament after reduction of developmental dislocation of the hip and study its pathological causes. METHODS: Ten hips with necrosis of the femoral head after reduction of developmental dislocation of the hip were observed. X-ray images of the hip were retrospectively reviewed with regard to the acetabular index, the acetabular-head index, the shapes and the development of the femoral heads. The operative findings were analyzed. RESULTS: No growth or delayed growth of the femoral head and the acetabular index was found after reduction. The recovery of acetabulum was very slow. All of the cases showed the same features: femoral head necrosis, subluxation, and acetabular dysplasia. A gross teres ligament was proved during surgical operation. The femoral head recovered gradually after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The gross tissue interposed (a gross teres ligament) is another important pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis after the reduction of developmental dislocation of the hip. It is necessary to recognize it before reduction by imaging examinations.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1998

[Study on the improvement of bone marrow microenvironment by ligustrazine in immune-induced aplastic anemia mice].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of ligustrazine on bone marrow microenvironment and its mechanism in aplastic anemia (AA). METHODS: Each immune-induced AA mouse was gastric fed by 4 mg ligustrazine twice a day. On the 10th day, the ulnar bone marrow partial pressure of oxygen (PbO2) was determined in vivo by a PO2 sensory needle. Then the histological features, fibroblastic colony forming unit (CFU-F) yields and the adhesive function of stromal cells of the bone marrow were assayed in vitro. RESULTS: The PbO2 in ligustrazine-treated group was 10.32 +/- 1.27 kPa, while in AA group was 4.32 +/- 2.86 kPa (P < 0.001). In AA group, the microvessels were expanded, broken and being stasis. The percentage of hematopoietic tissue volume was 24.9% +/- 9.6% and the CFU-F yields was 12.5 +/- 7.3/2 x 10(6) BMNC. The microvessels in ligustrazine group were more clear and intact, not being broken and had no stasis. The percentage of hematopoietic tissue volume was 52.8% +/- 15.6% and the CFU-F yields was 31.5 +/- 10.6/2 x 10(6) BMNC. In ligustrazine group, the adhesive function of stromal cell layer cultured with bone marrow nucleated cells from normal mice was 72.7% +/- 7.8%, which was not different from that in normal group (73.4% +/- 3.4%), but much higher than that in AA group (56.2% +/- 9.8%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Ligustrazine can promote the rehabilitation of bone marrow microvessels in AA mice, increasing the oxygen supply for bone marrow microenvironment, promoting the growth of stromal cells and strengthening their adhesive function. Ligustrazine enbances the bone marrow hematopoietic cells proliferation by improving their microenvironment.

Anemia, Aplastic↗

PubMed1998

[Detection of T-cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangement in midline T-cell lymphomas by PCR method].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clonality of midline T-cell lymphoma. METHODS: Using polymerase chain reaction method and a panel of family specific primers for the variable regions of TCR-gamma gene, and totally 11 cases (22 samples) of midline T-cell lymphoma (midline malignant reticulosis) were studied. RESULTS: Family specific monoclonal TCR-gamma gene rearrangements were found in 21 out of 22 samples (94.45%). There was no change of clonality during the course of disease. CONCLUSION: There is monoclonal T-cell proliferation in midline T-cell lymphoma and the clonality is not transformed with the advance of the disease. This finding provides an evidence to support the hypothesis of monoclonal origin of neoplasm.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Expression of cytotoxic-granule-associated protein TIA-1 in nasal NK/T cell lymphomas and lymphoid hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: 27 cases of nasal NK/T cell lymphomas were studied for the expression of the cytotoxic-granule-associated protein TIA-1, its immunophenotype, genotype and Epstein-Barr virus infection status. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for TIA-1, CD3, CD56, CD45RO, CD8, CD20; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for TCR gamma chain gene and immunoglobulin JH chain gene rearrangement analysis; in situ hybridization for EBER 1/2 and double staining for TIA-1, CD8 with EBER 1/2. 10 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia were used for comparison. RESULTS: (1) In the 27 cases of nasal NK/T cell lymphomas, most tumor cells expressed TIA-1, CD3, CD45RO and EBER 1/2; expression of CD56 was found in 26 cases; no CD8 or CD20 were detected in tumors cells of this series of cases. Double labelled staining showed that the TIA-1 positive tumor cells coexpress EBER 1/2. TCR gamma chain gene rearrangement was detected in only 1 of the 27 cases. (2) In the 10 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia of nasal pharynx, a small amount of TIA-1 positive cells were present in 8 cases and their distribution similar to that of CD8+ cells, in 4 of these cases a few EBER 1/2+ cells were detected, the number of CD45RO+ cells and CD20+ cells were similar in all 10 cases. Double labelled staining showed that the EBER 1/2+ cells did not coexpress TIA-1. CONCLUSION: A high percentage of these tumor cells express TIA-1 and correlate with that of CD56, CD3 epsilon, CD45RO and EBER1/2 in nasal NK/T cell lymphomas. It is suggested that expression of TIA-1 in this tumor may be related to the tumor origin and may also be responsible for its special biologic behavior.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[The effect of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 gene (TIMP-2 gene) on gastric carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of TIMP-2 gene on the invasive behavior of gastric carcinoma cells and to explore the possibility of blocking tumor metastasis. METHODS: TIMP-2 gene was transferred into human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 by lipofection technology. The ability of tumor cell invasion was detected by Boyden chamber in vitro and tumor invasion animal model in vivo. Type IV collagen and type IV collagenase were detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The invasive ability of gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 transfected with TIMP-2 gene was significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro. The expression of type IV collagenase in the untransfected group was higher than in the transfected group. CONCLUSIONS: TIMP-2 gene transfection can reduce the ability of gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro and in vivo.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1998

[Clinical study of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

In order to investigate the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), we have performed uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) operations on 60 cases. The clinical results showed that 50.0 percent of the operated patients somewhat improved and 16.7 percent unimproved. The total success rate was 83.3%. The key ways; 1. Proper indication; 2. Using local anaesthesia rather than general anaesthesia; 3. Intraoperative monitor ECG, blood pressure and oxygen saturation; 4. Preoperative physician consultation if patients complicated with cardiopulmonary problems. UPPP is one of the effective methods to treat OSAS, especially for OSAS with stricture in pharyngeal cavity. It has less damage, less operative complications and so on.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Radical neck dissection in treating cervical lymph node tuberculosis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of radical neck dissection in treatment of mixed-type cervical lymph node tuberculosis. METHOD: One hundred twenty-two cases with mixed-type cervical lymph node tuberculosis were treated with radical neck dissection and the results of the treatment were reported. The size, number, location and pathologic types of abscess, fistula and lymph node were also analyzed. RESULT: All the patients were cured without relapse during 1-7 year follow-up. Spreading antegrade infection and chronic recurrence were found to be the characteristics of mixed-type cervical lymph node tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: Radical neck dissection is an effective and safe approach for treating the disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of monosaccharide composition in lacquer polysaccharide from sap of lac tree].

This paper reports the separation and determination of monosaccharide composition in lacquer polysaccharide (LPS) by HPLC. The five monosaccharides were analyzed on microBondapak NH2 column (300 mm x 7.8 mm i.d. 10 microns) and refractive index detection. The mobile phase was CH3CN-H2O-CH3OH (70:25:5, V/V) flowing at a rate of 1.6 mL/min. These monosaccharides were identified by their retention times and quantitatively determined by their peak areas. LPS samples were hydrolysed with 2.0 mol/L CF3COOH. The linear correlation coefficients were all over 0.9953. The average recoveries of monosaccharides ranged 98.8%-103.6% and relative standard deviations were below 5%. The method is simple, rapid, precise, and has been used satisfactorilly for analysis of the monosaccharides hydrolyzed from LPS, which were isolated from sap of three kinds of Lac tree (Maoba Damu, Maoba Xiaomu and Jianshi) in Hubei province.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1998

[Determination of hyperin in Sanguisorba Officinalis L. by high performance liquid chromatography].

An HPLC method for the determination of hyperin in Sanguisorba officinalis L. was investigated. 0.5 g of dried powdered crude drug was weighed accurately in a 50 mL volumetric flask added with 40 mL methanol, supersonicated for 30 min and then made up to volume with methanol. The sample solution was separated on a Shim-pack ODS column(6.0 mm i.d. x 150 mm, 5 microns) with methanol-0.025 mol/L phosphoric acid (adjusted to pH 3.0 by using triethylamine)(50:50) as the mobile phase and detected at UV-370 nm. Calibration curve of hyperin was obtained for the concentration range of 0.046-0.2 microgram. The corresponding regression equation was Y = 154 x 10(4) X-0.28 x 10(4), r = 0.9998. The recovery was 98.7% and relative standard deviation was 1.9%. The results showed that this method is simple, specific and accurate.

Analgesics↗

PubMed1998

[Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of bone marrow].

OBJECTIVE: To explore appropriate diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of bone marrow. METHOD: Clinical and pathologic data of 11 cases with tuberculosis of bone marrow out of 2,410 cases underwent biopsy from 1990 to 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: High fever, weariness, emaciation and anaemia were found in 11 cases, abdominal distension and abdominal pain in 4, ascites in 3, liver and spleen enlargement in 5. All the cases had no local osteoarticular abnormalities. Negative sputum smear acid-fast staining results were found in 11 cases, abnormal liver function in 9, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (30-168 mm/1 h) in 6 detected. Chest radiographs showed hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis in 4 cases, no tuberculous lesion in 7. Tuberculous granulomas were found in 11 cases, caseous necrosis in 6, and positive granulomatous tissue acid-fast staining results in 3. Ten out of 11 cases accompanied tuberculous lesions in other parts of body except bone marrow. Eight cases recovered after combined antituberculosis chemotherapy, and other 3 died. CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis of bone marrow is the bone marrow involvement of hematogenous disseminated tuberculosis with nonspecific manifestations. Possibility of hematogenous disseminated tuberculosis should be considered in patients with long-term high fever, and in addition to common pulmonary abnormalities, the bone marrow biopsy should also be taken into consideration. Moreover, combined antituberculosis chemotherapy should be given immediately after the diagnosis of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Analysis of MDMA and its metabolites in urine by GC and GC/MS].

The purpose of this study is to investigate the metabolism of MDMA in the person and establish the methods for the determination of MDMA and its metabolites in urine. MDMA and its metabolite were isolated from urine by liquid-liquid extraction after acidic or enzymatic hydrolysis and were determined by GC/MS(EI, PCI) and GC/FID. The results showed that MDMA was metabolized to MDA and HMMA in man. MDA in the urine after MDMA administration was approximately 0.10-0.14 that of the parent drug. The sensitivity limits of methods were 2-50 ng/ml, and the recoveries were greater than 85%(CV < 10%). It is concluded that the methods were simple, quick and accurate for determining urine concentration of MDMA addicts. MDA/MDMA Ratio can be used to indicate whether the parent drug is taken alone or in combination with its active metabolite.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine↗

PubMed1998

[Effects of composite blood-activating decoction on bone marrow microenvironment in mice of immune-induced aplastic anemia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of elevating efficacy for aplastic anemia (AA) by using blood-activating and stasis-eliminating drugs. METHODS: Immune-induced aplastic anemia model was established. Each mouse was gastrogavaged by 0.2 ml 100% composite blood-activating decoction (CBAD) twice a day. On the 10th day, the bone marrow histology, CFU-F, adhesive function of the cultured stromal cell layer, bone marrow PO2 were observed. RESULTS: In CBAD group, the WBC count, bone marrow karyocytes, bone marrow hematopoietic tissue volume, CFU-F count were significantly higher than those in AA group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the adhesive function of stromal cells and bone marrow PO2 recovered to normal level. CONCLUSION: The commonly used composite blood-activating decoction could promote the recovery and oxygen-supply of bone marrow microenvironment in AA mice, and improved the bone marrow hematopoiesis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗

PubMed1998

[Quality control of tobacco flavour by gas chromatography].

In this work, gas chromatography with hydrogen flame detector(FID) and catalytic combustion detector(CCD) was applied to fast analysis of tobacco flavour. The results are satisfactory. Whether the FID or CCD is used, it has its respective characters. Though the sensitivity of GC/CCD is a little bit lower than that of GC/FID, the operation of the former is easier, more convenient and safer. The GC/CCD only uses air as the carrier gas. The column of GC/CCD was SE-54 megabore capillary column(50 m x 0.53 mm i.d.). In this method, all of the interesting flavour compounds are responsed. We have presented some relative correction factors (f1) about flavour compounds in this paper. The satisfactory results show that this new method has certain practical value as an approach of quality control.

Chromatography, Gas↗

PubMed1998

[Experimental study of dahuang zhechong pills in the treatment of immunological liver fibrosis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of DHZC on liver fibrosis. METHOD: Immuno-injured fibrosis in rats was induced by bovine serum albumin and DHZC was given during and after the model production respectively. Hepatic collagen contents, pathology of liver and serum hyaluronic acid were measured. Colchicine was used as control. RESULT: It shows that the liver fibrosis rates of the DHZC treated group during and after the model production were 72.7% and 71.2% respectively, while those of the untreated and colchicine group were 92.3%-100%. Compared with the untreated group, there was a remarkable decrease of hepatic collagen contents in the DHZC-treated rats. CONCLUSION: DHZC have thus been proved helpful in reversing liver fibrosis to some extent.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Exfoliative cancer cells in the surgical field of breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between exfoliative cancer cells in the surgical field and pathological stages of breast cancer and provide a theoretical basis for killing or removing of the exfoliative cancer cells in the surgical field. METHOD: Cytological examination of surgical field washings was performed in 104 patients with breast cancer. The results and pathological stages were compared and analysed. RESULT: Exfoliative cancer cells were found in the surgical field washings in 36 of 104 (34.6%). Stage I, II and III showed a positive rate of 3.8%, 29.8% and 85.7%. The positive rate of T(1), T(2) and beyond T(3) were 10.8%, 33.3% and 77.3%, respectively. When the number of axillary metastatic lymph nodes was over four, the positive rate of exfoliative cancer cell was 76.0% and only 13.5% if no axillary lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Killing or removing of the exfoliative cancer cells in the surgical field of breast cancer is necessary.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1998

[Examination of anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy with ultrasound biomicroscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To diagnose anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (a-PVR) with ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). METHODS: The UBM images of 27 cases (27 eyes) of suspicious a-PVR from cases with retinal detachment with PVR were analyzed and compared with the images of B scan ultrasound and the findings during vitrectomy. RESULTS: UBM diagnosis of a-PVR was found in 20 eyes with retinal circumferential contraction, and in 15 eyes with retinal anterior displacement. A-PVR was not diagnosed by UBM in 7 eyes. UBM images of a-PVR included: the pattern of dots and cords in vitreous proliferation, the echo augmentation and obvious central displacement of the retina with circumferential contraction. Besides, the trough, "angle" and "Z" shaped overlap of the retina were the characteristics of the retinal anterior displacement. CONCLUSION: UBM plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis of a-PVR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[A preliminary investigation on causes of failure of vitreoretinal surgery for complicated rhegmatogenic retinal detachments].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the failure causes of vitreoretinal surgery for complicated rhegmatogenic retinal detachment. METHODS: Vitreoretinal (VR) surgery was performed on 477 cases (479 eyes) with complicated rhegmatogenic retinal detachment, the operative procedures including vitrectomy, peeling of pre-retinal membrane, fluid-air exchange, inert gas (SF(6) or C(3)F(8)) or silicone tamponade. RESULTS: On discharge, the operation was effective in 349 eyes (72.87%) and failed in 130 (27.13%) eyes. CONCLUSION: The multiple stepwise multivariate regression shows that the factors significantly influencing VR surgery are silicone tamponade, giant retinal tears, SF(6) tamponade, iatrogenic tear, anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), subretinal proliferation, PVR, C(3)F(8) tamponade, operative frequency and choroidal detachments.

Adolescent↗