Biomedical subjects

W Lichtenegger

Publications and source records attributed to W Lichtenegger.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Increased incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in young women in the Mitte district, Berlin, Germany.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), in particular of high grade CIN, increased in Berlin during the period 1970-1989 and whether the ages of women with CIN had decreased. STUDY DESIGN: In the former German Democratic Republic, which had a highly centralized public health system, all gynecologic operations performed on women living in the Mitte district of Berlin were carried out during the period 1970-1989 (when the Berlin Wall fell) in the gynecologic clinic of the Charité Hospital. RESULTS: The incidence of all CIN increased from year to year over the observation period: 0.04% (1970-1971), 0.10% (1980-1981), 0.39% (1988-1989). There was a particularly high increase in the incidence of high grade intraepithelial neoplasms (CIN 3): 0.016% (1970-1971), 0.056% (1980-1981), 0.25% (1988-1989). With a virtually unchanged age distribution for women in the Mitte district of Berlin, the median age of women with CIN 3 decreased significantly from 1970 to 1989, from 39.5 (1970) to 33 (1989) (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The increase in the incidence of CIN, especially of high grade CIN, as well as the reduction in age for onset of the disease, makes high participation in screening necessary, above all among young women.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

p53 determination in gynecological carcinomas: immunohistochemistry compared to luminometric immunoassay (LIA).

UNLABELLED: In gynecological carcinomas p53 overexpression has been associated with an aggressive tumor type and shorter overall survival. We compared p53 values analysed by a new quantitative luminometric immunoassay (LIA) applicable on tumor cytosol immunohistochemistry (IH). In 83 breast and 43 ovarian cancers p53 was analysed by LIA and IH (Byk-Sangtec, FRG) and by IH using monoclonal antibodies (MOAB/BP53-Bio Genex, FRG). In breast cancer 32 cases (39%) were immunohistochemically (IH) positive. LIA values ranged from 0.01 to 101 ng/mg protein (p), median (IH negative cases) = 0.208 and median (IH positives) = 0.857 ng/mg p. Using a cut off < 0.2 ng/mg p for a very low expression only 11% (3/27) were IH positive and > 0.8 for very high expression only 16% (3/20) were IH negative. In ovarian cancer values ranged from from 0.01 to 66.1 mg/mg p. 48.8% (21/43) were IH positive, median (IH negatives) = 0.234 and median (IH positives) = 1.43 ng/mg p. At a cut off < 0.2 ng/mg p 25% (3/12) were IH positive and at a cut off > 0.8 ng/mg p only 14% (2/14) were IH negative. CONCLUSION: The quantitative LIA determination of p53 in cytosols of gynecological carcinomas shows a good correlation to immunohistochemistry in cases of very high and very low expression.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG) 12: a new tumor marker in breast cancer.

We compared the preoperative sensitivity of tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG) 12 of 128 primary breast cancer patients with the established tumor marker CA 15-3 and received a similar, even slightly higher sensitivity. In the follow-up the first results showed in some cases different courses of Tag 12 values especially in cases without expression of CA 15-3 whilst in some cases we found an earlier response of TAG 12 to a progression of the disease.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Umbilical cord complications as a cause of intrauterine fetal death].

In a group of 71 intrauterine fetal deaths in monozygotic pregnancies, umbilical cord complications were the cause of death in 11 cases (16%). These included 5 umbilical knots, 3 loops, and one case each of torsion with constriction, umbilical prolapse and velamentous insertion (with rupture of the umbilical vessels). The relative importance of these umbilical complications is pointed out and discussed in regard to clinical and pathological factors.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Overexpression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 in epithelial ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: The plasminogen activator-plasmin cascade plays a central role in the progression of solid tumors. The type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) is the major physiological regulator of plasminogen activation. PAI-1 is suggested to play a crucial role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis of various solid tumors. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and prognostic roles of PAI-1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (OC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression analysis was conducted by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Tissue sections of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens and fresh-frozen tumor samples from patients with benign and malignant ovarian tumors (OT), who had undergone surgical intervention in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charité, Germany, from 02/01 to 06/02, were used. Correlation analysis with conventional clinical factors, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using SPSS (SPSS Inc., V.11.0). RESULTS: Sixty-five patients (31 primary OC, 20 recurrent OC, 4 low-malignant potential OT, 6 benign OT, 4 normal ovary) were allocated to this trial. The median age was 57 years (range, 34-86) and the median follow-up was 20 months (range, 0-64). The distributions of (FIGO) tumor stage of all primary OC were: I = 16.1%, II = 3.2%, III = 45.2% and IV = 35.5%. PAI-1 was significantly overexpressed in the tumor epithelium of OC in comparison to the ovarian epithelium of benign OT and normal ovary (p < 0.001). The median PAI-1 level was 1.92-fold higher in malignant OT than in benign OT. Statistical analyses showed no significant correlation between the expression of PAI-1 and clinical parameters. The expression of PAI-1 and the PAI-1 level, according to 3 different cut-off values, showed no prognostic impact in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only tumor stage (FIGO) (p = 0.003) and residual tumor (p = 0.009) remained independent prognostic factors for post-operative survival. CONCLUSION: PAI-1 is significantly overexpressed in OC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Special obstetric problems in managing labor following cesarean section].

The prevalence of primary repeat cesareans in the 37th and 38th weeks of gestation and the highest rate of premature births explain the shorter duration of pregnancy associated with this mode of delivery. In cases where ecbolics were administered labour was prolonged and the rate of secondary repeat cesareans was higher. Late rupture of the amniotic sac seems to increase the chances of successful vaginal delivery. Biparietal cranial diameter had no influence on the mode of delivery; significantly higher values were found only in cases of cranial-pelvic incongruity. The frequency of primary repeat cesareans increased in proportion to the age of the mother. The time interval since the previous cesarean delivery is of no importance. Birth weights were lower in the group of elective repeat cesareans owing to lower gestational age. It does not always appear justified to rule out a vaginal birth in cases of twins. Regional anesthesia is not a contraindication.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Management of labor following cesarean section].

Of 451 deliveries between 1 July 1981 and 30 June 1987, in patients having previously undergone a cesarean section, 279 (62%) were vaginal births, 80 (18%) were primary and 92 (20%) secondary repeat cesareans. The highest frequency of vaginal deliveries was in cases with prior abnormal presentation (87%). History continues to play an important role: vaginal deliveries were achieved in 59% of the cases in which the cesarean section was the only previous delivery. This rate increased to 89% if the subsequent birth was vaginal. Uterine rupture occurred in 10 cases (2.2%). The mode of delivery had no significant influence on the incidence of acidosis; in the repeat cesarean cases the newborns had poorer one-minute Apgar scores.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of tokolysis by means if beta- mimetics on fetuses and neonates (author's transl)].

The influence of beta mimetic substances, given to stop premature labor, on the metabolism of the fetus and the newborn was investigated in 32 women. There was a definite rise in Insulin and in the amniotic fluid as well in cord blood, with a tendency to hypoglycemia in the newborn (4 out of 18 babies). No influence on acid base level, blood count. Electrolyts, but a marked increase in Bilirubin levels could be observed. Changes in the ECG could be brought in connection with influences of beta mimetic drugs on the myocardium.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mammary serum antigen (MSA), Ca 549, CA 15-3 and CEA in breast cancer preoperative sensitivity and correlation to prognostic factors.

Previously a higher preoperative sensitivity of the mucin like glycoprotein Mammary Serum Antigen (MSA) compared to established tumor markers was reported. The aim of our study was the comparison of MSA and CA 549, CA 15-3 and CEA in primary breast cancer and the correlation to prognostic factors. In 119 patients MSA and CA 549 serum levels were analysed by ELISA, CEA and CA 15-3 levels by LIA. We received the following sensitivities: 30.2% for MSA (cut off = 55 U/mL), 21.8% for CA 549 (cut off = 12.6 U/mL), 20.5% for CA 15-3 (cut off = 25 U/ml) and 10.7% for CEA (cut off = 6 ng/ml). Significant correlations were found between MSA concentrations and grading (p = 0.006), tumor size (p = 0.005) and metastases (p = 0.03). No correlations were found to tumor type, hormone receptors, lymph node status and cathepsin D. MSA is a valuable tumor marker with the highest preoperative sensitivity. Further studies on the value of MSA in the follow-up are necessary.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Nitroglycerin for intraoperative uterus relaxation in cesarean section. Results of a randomized clinical study].

Between June 1994 and July 1996, a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study was carried out on 97 patients scheduled for elective cesarean section under general anesthesia at the gynecology departments of the Virchow and Charité Hospitals (both university hospitals of the Humboldt University, Berlin) in order to test the efficacy of glycerol nitrate (GTN: syn.: nitroglycerin) as an intraoperative short-acting tocolytic agent to ease fetal extraction in cesarean section in comparison to a placebo. At the time of the uterine puncture incision, either 0.25 mg (n = 32 patients) or 0.5 mg (n = 34) of GTN or physiological saline (n = 31) was administered as an intravenous bolus. Maternal and fetal pulse rates and blood pressures were closely monitored. The authors developed a scale to evaluate the degree of decrease in uterine tone and the ease of fetal extraction. The statistical evaluation of these estimations revealed no significant easing of fetal extraction and no significant increase in the reduction of uterine tone after administration of both GTN dosages in comparison to the administration of placebo (p > 0.01). Easing of fetal extraction cannot be achieved with the administration of 0.25 or 0.5 mg GTN, at least not in elective cesarean sections of greater than 34 weeks of gestation.

Adult↗