A new case of Hb F-M-Osaka [G gamma 63(E7)His-->Tyr] showed only benign neonatal cyanosis.
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Cyanosis↗
Biomedical subjects
W Li
Publications and source records attributed to W Li.
Prevention of apoptosis in CNTF-dependent neurons by a mutant ICE and by viral protein CrmA but not by proto-oncogene product Bcl-2.
The interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) gene family, (homologues of C. elegans cell death gene product Ced-3) plays an important role in controlling programmed cell death. Nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes survival of cultured embryonic chicken dorsal root ganglion neurons. Ciliary ganglion neurons depend exclusively on ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for survival. Complete depletion of NGF or CNTF from culture medium induces apoptosis in both types of neurons. We can prevent apoptosis, due either to NGF or CNTF withdrawal and in either type of neuron, by overexpression of a mutant inactive ICE and an ICE inhibitor, the product of cowpox virus gene crmA. Bcl-2 does not prevent apoptosis in CNTF-dependent ciliary neurons or DRG neurons as it does in NGF-dependent neurons. These results suggest that neuronal cell death is mediated through a common effector mechanism involving the Ice family of genes, whereas different suppression mechanisms are engaged depending upon the specific neurotrophic factors present.
Journal Article↗
Restricted analogues provide evidence of a biologically active conformation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide (< Glu-His-Pro-NH2) that signals through a G protein-coupled receptor. TRH is a highly flexible molecule that can assume many conformations in solution. To attempt to delineate the biologically active conformation of TRH, we synthesized a pair of conformationally restricted cyclohexyl/Ala2-TRH analogues. The diastereomeric analogues use a lactam ring to restrict two of the six free torsional angles of TRH and constrain the X-Pro-NH2 peptide bond to trans. Unrestricted cyclohexyl/Ala2-TRH exhibited a 650-fold lower affinity than TRH for TRH receptor and was 430-fold less potent than TRH in stimulating inositol phosphate second messenger formation. One diastereomer exhibited higher affinity and potency than the unrestricted analogue despite the presence of the methylene bridge and fused ring, whereas the other showed lower affinity and potency. Computer simulations predicted that the positions of the cyclohexyl/Ala2 and Pro-NH2 moieties relative to < glutamate were different in the two analogues and that the conformation of the higher affinity analogue is different from that of trans-TRH in solution but is superimposable on that of trans-TRH found in a model of the TRH/TRH receptor complex. These experimental findings identify a favored relative position of < glutamate and Pro-NH2 in the more active conformation of two diastereomeric analogues of TRH and provide independent support for the model of the TRH/TRH receptor complex.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
High-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.
This paper evaluates a comprehensive strategy of chemotherapy mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) followed by high-dose chemotherapy for the treatment of refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's disease (HD). Patients with relapsed or refractory HD were enrolled to receive cyclophosphamide, etoposide +/- cisplatin (CE +/- P) and rhG-CSF mobilization of PBPCs. Patients achieving < or = 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg following initial mobilization were eligible to receive a second course of CE +/- P. Unmanipulated PBPCs alone were infused following administration of high-dose carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine arabinoside and cyclophosphamide (BEAC). Thirty-eight consecutive patients with relapsed or refractory HD were initially enrolled to receive CE +/- P. Analysis was performed on an intent-to-treat basis. A median of 6.4 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (range 0.66-62.3) were collected with a median of 3 (range 2-9) leukaphereses. Twenty-eight of 38 (74%) patients achieved > or = 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg. Analysis of variables potentially effecting mobilization of CD34+ cells revealed that only the amount of prior chemotherapy statistically influenced collecting CD34+ cells (P = 0.005). Two of six patients undergoing a second mobilization procedure achieved > or = 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg for a total of 30 patients eligible to proceed with high-dose BEAC. The 3-year Kaplan-Meier estimate of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for all 38 patients is 65 and 53%, respectively. The 3-year OS and PFS for the 28 patients receiving BEAC is 77 and 64% respectively vs 33 and 30% for the 10 patients not receiving BEAC. The strategy of CE +/- P and BEAC was well tolerated with a 100-day treatment-related mortality of 3.6%. All patients experienced rapid and sustained hematologic recovery with PBPCs alone. The median time to an ANC > or = 5 x 10(9)/1 and platelet transfusion independence was 10 days. Although development of better strategies to mobilize PBPCs may benefit additional patients, currently the best strategy to collect PBPCs is early before patients have received extensive chemotherapy treatment. Collection of PBPCs immediately following initial relapse or induction failure using CE +/- P for PBPC mobilization allows sufficient PBPCs to be collected in greater than 90% of patients. Treatment of refractory or relapsed HD utilizing a strategy of CE +/- P PBPC mobilization for hematopoietic reconstitution following high-dose BEAC is associated with acceptable toxicity and rapid engraftment. A 3-year PFS greater than 60% can be achieved in the community hospital setting.
Adolescent↗
Metallobleomycin-DNA interactions: structures and reactions related to bleomycin-induced DNA damage.
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Binding Sites↗
A prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin for prevention of intra-uterine growth retardation.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of low-dose aspirin on placental circulation and on the prevention of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial in 84 pregnant women (mainly nulliparous women) at high risk of IUGR. From the 28th-30th week of gestation onward, low dose aspirin (75 mg daily, study group, n = 40) or placebo (control group, n = 44) was given consecutively for 6 to 8 weeks. Pulse-wave umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry was measured before and after drug use. RESULTS: The mean value of systolic/diastolic ratio of umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group after drug use, but there was no difference between the two groups before drug use. The incidences of IRGR and preeclampsia in the study group (7.5% and 10.0% respectively) were significantly lower than those in the control group (27.3% of both). No adverse effects of low dose aspirin on both mother and fetus were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Low dose aspirin administration (75 mg daily) beginning at the early stage of third trimester may improve the fetoplacental circulation, and thus prevent IUGR and/or preeclampsia effectively.
Adolescent↗
Age-related ocular diseases.
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Age Factors↗
[Ion-selective microelectrodes: principle and application of in vivo measurements of ionic concentrations in cochlear endolymph].
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the method of making neutral carrier ion-selective microelectrode and use it for in vivo measurement of ionic concentrations in cochloear endolymph. METHODS: GG-17 glass capillaries with 1.85 mm O.D. were rinsed extensively and dried in an oven. Two capillaries were parallelly connected and pulled with microelectrode puller to make a double-barreled micropipette. One barrel was back-filled with ion exchanger and internal reference solution, which served as ionic potential electrode, while the other barrel filled with 150 mmol/L KCL as reference electrode. Each barrel of microelectrode was connected to differential electrometer via Ag-AgCl wire and output was recorded on a three-channel recorder. Every ion-selective microelectrode was calibrated in a series of standard solutions to determine the required characteristics. Twenty healthy guinea pigs with normal hearing were anesthetized and were artificially respired through the tracheal canal after the intramuscular injection of suxamethonium chloride. The tympanic bulla was exposed and a double-barreled ion-selective electrode was inserted into the scala media through the round window and basilar membrane. The ionic potentials and endocochlear potentials (EP) were simultaneously recorded from the basal turn of the cochlea. Ionic concentrations were then calculated by Nicolsky-Eisenman equation. RESULTS: The concentrations of potassium, sodium and calcium ions in the cochlear endolymph were 146.3 +/- 11.8 mmol/L, 0.36 +/- 0.22 mmol/L and 16.2 +/- 5.7 micromol/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The neutral carrier ion-selective microelectrode made with the above method is reliable and therefore can be used for accurately measuring the ionic concentrations of microenvironment in vivo continuously and transiently.
Animals↗
[Study on evaluation of fetal scalp tissue pH value during labor].
OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictive value of serial monitoring fetal scalp tissue pH value (tpH) during labor. METHOD: Fifty two primipara with singleton and cephalic presentation were recruited during their active phase of labor after rupture of membrane. Their fetal scalp tpH were determined by a new type of alloy pH spiral electrode and pH-LS-1 sensor. These values were compared with the umbilical blood pH values (bpH) measured immediately after delivery. RESULTS: The fetal tpH values were significantly positive correlated with the bpH values (r = 0.822 and 0.725). The incidence of neonate asphyxia in tpH >or= 7.20 group was significantly lower than those to tpH<7.15 group. No adverse effect was observed in this study. CONCLUSION: Determination of fetal scalp tpH during labor is of predictive value and harmless fro detecting fetal distress.
Body Fluids↗
Identification of somatic hybrids between rice cultivar and wild Oryza species by RAPD.
The somatic hybrids between rice cultivar and wild Oryza species were obtained by the PEG and electrical fusion method. The somatic hybrids were identified with PAPD. It was verified that the genome of somatic hybrids contained some genomes from both parents, but they contributed unequally. In some somatic hybrids, the portion from one parent was more than the other. The relationship between somatic hybrids and their parents was analyzed based on RAPD data.
DNA↗
[Early prediction of fetal growth retardation by umbilical and uterine arterial flow velocity systolic to diastolic ratio].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the umbilical and uterine arterial Doppler flow velocity waveform systolic to diastolic (S/D) ratios performed at 24-30 weeks gestation for predicting fetal growth retardation (IUGR). METHODS: A prospective double blind study was conducted in 118 cases of high risk singleton pregnant women. The umbilical and uterine arterial S/D ratios were measured at 24-30 gestational weeks and the pregnancy outcomes were followed up. RESULTS: The prevalence of IUGR in our study population was 16.9%. At 24-30 weeks gestation, the S/D ratio of both umbilical artery and uterine artery in IUGR pregnant women were significantly higher than those in normal pregnant women, while the fetal biometric measurements were normal in all the 118 cases. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of umbilical arterial S/D ratio to predict IUGR were 80.0%, 83.7% and 50.0% with a Kappa index of 0.51 at 24-30 weeks gestation. With lower sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and Kappa index (40.0%, 84.5%, 34.8% and 0.23 respectively), the uterine arterial S/D ratio had less predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: The umbilical arterial Doppler flow velocity waveform S/D ratio may be an earlier predictor for screening of IUGR at 24-30 weeks gestation in high risk pregnant women with normal fetal biometric measurements.
Adult↗
[Immunohistochemical detection of antigen of human cytomegalovirus in hepatocyte].
The expression plasmid of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) 52kd glycoprotein was induced and amplified, and the recombinant protein was extracted. The rabbit antiserum to the recombinant protein was prepared. The antiserum-reacted to the antigen of HCMV AD165, and the titer of antiserum was 1 : 3200 by using 125I-Protein A. Using Avidin-Biotinperoxidase complex technique (ABC method), we detected the HCMV 52 kd glycoprotein in the hapatic slides of 9 cases. Among them, one case (an infant died of congenital heart disease) was held as a negative control. The other 8 cases (patients with clinically diagnosed cytomegalic inclusion disease) had viral hepatitis histopathologically. Of these 8 cases, 7 had positive signals but found in the nucleus and cytomembrane of the hepatocytes, no positive signal was found in the hepatocytes of the control. The result showed that HCMV 52kd glycoprotein was located in the nucleus and on the membrane of the infected hepatocyte. The antibody prepared with the antigen of gene engineering could find the virus antigen and represent the virus gene state which was active or silent. ABC method is not only simple, sensitive and specific, but also effective in localization. It is of importance to clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognostication.
Cytomegalovirus↗
[A study on p53 gene mutation, protein expression and relationship with clinico-pathological status in large cell carcinoma of the lung].
Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques were used to investigate the correlation between p53 gene mutation and the clinico-pathological status as well as prognosis of large cell carcinoma of the lung. p53 expression was found in 40% of the cases by immunohistochemistry and p53 gene mutation was found in 53.3% by in situ hybridization. The concordance ratio was 73.3% between gene mutation and protein expression. No statistically significant correlation was found between p53 gene mutation, its protein expression and sex, age, smoking, histological type, tumor size or lymph node involvement. A significant correlation was found between p53 gene mutation (or its protein expression) and mitotic index. The result of in situ hybridization demonstrated that there was a statistically significant correlation between p53 gene mutation and a poor prognosis. It was found that p53 gene mutation was associated with fast growth of the tumor. Therefore p53 gene mutation is probably an indicator of poor prognosis for large cell carcinoma of the lung.
Adult↗
[Double cancers: a clinical analysis of 156 cases].
In order to study the causes of multiple primary carcinomas (MPC), and to give proper treatment, 156 patients with double cancers were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were admitted to the hospital from 1982 to 1987, accounting 0.47% of all hospitalized patients with malignant tumors in the same period. Out of them 86 patients were male, 70 patients were female. The age ranged from 17 to 80 old-year, the median 50 old-year. In 34 cases, the two cancers were synchronous in occurrence while in 122 cases were metachronous. The nasopharynx, lungs, large bowel and mammary gland were the most common sites of the MPC. The principle of treatment of the MPC was the same as that for ordinary primary carcinoma. The total 5-year survival rate was 34.6%.
Adolescent↗
Prevention of disability and rehabilitation--results from a collaborative project in China.
Eight different geographical districts in China varying in urban and rural characteristics from 6 provinces and 2 municipalities were selected as pilot areas of the project. The interventions included early detection and treatment of neuritis, self-care training, adapted footwear, surgery, comprehensive treatment of complicated ulcers, and prostheses. Main changes in eye, hand and foot impairments between baseline assessment and assessment at 2 years have been presented in this paper.
China↗
[Anatomical observation on the external nasal arteries].
An anatomical study of the arteries of the external nose was undertaken in 16 adult cadavers. These arteries included dorsal nasal artery, the lateral nasal artery, the naso-alar artery, the lower naso-alar marginal artery and the nasoseptal artery, etc. Eighty-five percent of them was branches of the facial artery. The results showed that the external nasal arteries distributed around the nostril in a small and a large circle, which suggested that there may be a two-way blood supply on the nasal tip and the columella. The circulation of the internal and external carotid artery may join on the nasal tip where the blood supplies still remain even after bilateral carotid arteries are ligated. The names of the branches and their features are discussed in the paper.
Adult↗
[Effect of tetrandrine on calmodulin activity of lung tissue in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].
OBJECTIVE: The mechanism that tetrandrine (Tet) reduces hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was investigated METHOD: 30 Wistar rats were divided into normal control group, pulmonary hypertension group and tetrandrine-treated group. Total calcium conteins and calmodulin activity in lung tissue were measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometry and phosphodiesterase method. RESULTS: The results showed that Tet could remarkably reduce the mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, the contents of calcium (62 +/- 10 umol.g-1) and calmodulin (20 +/- 4 ng.mg-1) in the lung were significantly lower in rats administrated with Tet than those (74 +/- 16 umol.g-1, 27 +/- 6 ng.mg-1) rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, and the contents of calcium were related with the mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance in the lung administrated with Tet. CONCLUSION: The results indicated the mechanism that tetrandrine effectively reduces hypoxia pulmonary hypertension may be associated with decreasing intracellular calcium concentration in vascular smooth cells, and the effect may be a result of anti-calmodulin activity.
Alkaloids↗
[A pathological study on phenotype differentiation and its significance in pulmonary large cell carcinoma].
This study was designed to find the differentiated phenotype and its clinicopathological significance in pulmonary large cell carcinoam (PLCC) by immunohistochemical methods using a panel of antibodies related to the phenotype differentiation: high molecular weight cytokeratin, low molecular weight cytokeratiin, secretory component, chromogranin A and synaptophysin in 60 cases of PLCC. The results demonstrated that all cases of PLCC possessed monophasic, biphasic and triphasic phenotype differentiation features respectively, including squamous (4 cases), adenomatous (20 cases), neuroendocrine (19 cases), adenosquamous (11 cases); and the the coexistence of adenomatous, squamous and neuroendocrine (6 cases). The median survival time was different between patients with various differentiated phenotypes of PLCC. There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in survival between neuroendocrine and adenomatous phenotypes. The results of this study implies that: (1) PLCC expressed different phenotypes of differentiation, (2) phenotypes of neuroendocrine differentiation has a poor prognosis, (3) it is necessary to classify PLCC according to the phenotype differentiation.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗