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Biomedical subjects

W Leonhardt

Publications and source records attributed to W Leonhardt.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of high doses of oestrogens and androgens on lipoproteins: observations in the treatment of excessive growth with sexual hormones.

In a prospective study we investigated the changes of lipoprotein metabolism under therapy with high doses of oestrogens or androgens, applied to stop the excessive growth of very tall girls or boys. Therapy with 2 mg ethinyl oestradiol sulfonate per week for one year in 11 girls resulted in an increase in serum triglycerides, which was reversible after cessation, and a minimal rise of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in the phase of adaptation to this treatment. Therapy with 1000 mg testosterone oenanthate per month for one year lead to a fall of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. These changes are considered as a regulative phenomenon, without consequences for the application of the high dosage therapy with these steroid hormones in the treatment of excessive growth.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

[Results of protein-sparing modified fasting in hyperlipoproteinemias].

We investigated the influence of a PSMF on body weight, body composition, blood lipids, physical working capacity, and nitrogen balance in obese HLP patients. During 4 weeks, 12 patients were treated by PSMF (approximately 340 kcal/d) under health resort conditions. At the same time, they daily exercised on a bicycle with an intensity of 80% of their physical working capacity estimated by an exercise load. The therapeutic regimen induced a significant weight loss (10.1 kg in the mean). Evidently, the patients diminished their body fat only as could be shown by estimations of total body water. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol also decreased significantly, while HDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. In spite of the weight reduction, the physical working capacity significantly increased from 57.8 to 93.2 kgm. Measurements of total nitrogen excretion with urine gave evidence of the protein saving effect of the therapy. Thus, PSMF--representing an effective therapeutic procedure--can be recommended to be used in obese HLP patients, proceeded that contraindications have been taken into consideration carefully.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1984

Insulin resistance in diabetics and non-diabetics with impaired triglyceride removal.

Endogenous triglyceride turnover has been measured in patients with normotriglyceridemia or with hypertriglyceridemia using the radioglycerol labelling technique. In parallel, a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed (blood glucose, serum insulin, free fatty acids). Non-diabetics, borderline diabetics, and overt diabetics were included. In the non-diabetics, insulin levels were negatively correlated with fractional catabolic rates for triglycerides, whereas no correlation with triglyceride synthesis rates existed. Patients with low fractional catabolic rates for triglycerides have significantly higher insulin and free fatty acid concentrations, pointing to an association between impairment of triglyceride removal and insulin resistance. There is no typical kinetic pattern of triglyceride metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Results of linseed oil and olive oil therapy in hyperlipoproteinemia patients].

Only few informations exist on the effect of different oils and the transformation of these precursor fatty acids to prostaglandins in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Therefore we investigated the impact of linseed oil and olive oil intake resp. on serum lipoprotein levels, platelet aggregation and fatty acid pattern of serum phospholipids and triglycerides resp. in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (HC) (n = 13) and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (n = 16). The probands were randomly admitted to a 4 week test period with 30 ml olive or linseed oil intake. After linseed or olive oil intake all lipid fractions did not change significantly. Olive oil significantly reduced the platelet aggregation only in patients with HTG, whereas linseed oil failed to influence aggregation. After linseed oil intake there was a significant increase in linolenic and also in eicosapentaenoic acid content of phospholipids in patients with HTG. In contrast to HTG in HC linseed oil only increased significantly the linolenic acid fraction. Our data suggest, that the response of serum lipoproteins, fatty acids and platelet aggregation on modifications in dietary fats depends on the type of lipoprotein disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental studies on the specific weight and osmotic activity of nephrologically important solutions].

The concentrating power of kidney is examined with respect to the excretion of osmotically active particles in terminal urine. Results of osmometric measurements on 14 solutions of physiological significance reveal that with increasing concentration there is some asymptotic lowering of the osmotic activity as a result of increasing physicochemical interactions. The specific gravity, however, increases in constant proportion. From these in vitro studies it can be concluded that by measurement of the osmolality in terminal urine, the complex renal elimination is reflected in approximation only. The interactions which can also be detected in "chemically pure" solutions, influence the osmolality even in primary urine, and even stronger during concentration to terminal urine. Nevertheless, osmometry of terminal urine represents the elimination capacity of kidney essentially better than other concentration measures like molality or specific gravity of urine.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1983

[Field bean protein diet in hypercholesteremia].

The lipid-lowering effects of Vicia faba protein are well-known only from animal experiments. According to these studies Vicia faba protein is the most powerful cholesterol-lowering agents among vegetable proteins. Therefore we examined these effects in a group of patients with hypercholesterolemia (HLP type IIa). We observed a cholesterol-reducing efficacy of the Vicia faba protein comparable with those under soy protein diets.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hyperinsulinemia in obesity: significance of adipose tissue cell size].

Adipose tissue biopsy and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (50 g) were performed in 17 non-hyperlipoproteinemic subjects without overt diabetes mellitus. All the persons were weight stable at the time of investigation. A significant correlation between fasting insulin concentration and the mean adipocyte size was observed, whereas no correlation was noted between the ideal body weight index and fasting insulin level. Persons with larger adipocytes had elevated insulin levels as well as higher and longer lasting increments following the glucose challenge. They also exhibited significantly higher mean glucose levels during the OGTT. When these patients were matched for glucose tolerance with the subgroup having smaller mean adipocyte sizes, the difference in insulin levels was still demonstrable. The importance of adipose cell enlargement regulating basal and stimulated insulin output is underlined.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

[The relation between lipoprotein fractions, sex and IHD in patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia].

The evidence of known risk factors in 228 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia was analysed in relation to the ECG-findings. In 34% of the patients symptoms of the ischaemic heart disease were present. In these cases the ischaemic heart disease prevailing rates for the HLP-types IIa and IIb were higher for the male sex, in the HLP-types III-V, on the other hand, higher for the female sex. With the appearance of the hypertriglyceridaemia, independent on the HLP-type, an increasing reversion of the sex ratio became evident. The total cholesterol level scarcely allowed evidence on the coronary risk in HLP-patients. The importance of the HDL-cholesterol as indicator of risk must be regarded in connection with the actual triglyceride values as well as with sex. Thus the general validity of the HDL-cholesterol was relative.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1980

Effects of p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (CPIB) on the human liver.

Serial liver biopsies were carried out in 67 patients with HLP and/or fatty liver before, during short- and long-term therapy with CPIB and after termination of therapy. Results (1) Decrease of liver glycogen from 4.17% to 2.69% (wet weight, P less than 0.02). (2) Insignificant changes of liver triglyceride content. (3) Significant decrease of manganese, while the concentrations of zinc and copper in the liver biopsy specimens remained unchanged. (4) No signs of liver intoxication or cancerogeneous effects of light-microscopic pictures. (5) Significant increases in numbers of mitochondria and cristae as well as a hypertrophy of endoplasmic reticulum with longer lasting therapy. (6) Striking focal proliferation of cristae mitochondriales in 3 cases on longterm treatment. (7) Regression of the mitochondrial alterations after termination of the CPIB therapy. Our findings suggest that an increased number of mitochondria and of their inner membranes in the liver cells induced by CPIB could play an important role in the hypolipidemic action of the drug.

Adolescent↗