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Biomedical subjects

W Lenz

Publications and source records attributed to W Lenz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Congenital scalp defects with distal limb anomalies (Adams-Oliver syndrome): report of ten cases and review of the literature.

We describe one family with 5 affected persons in 4 generations, another family with 2 affected brothers and 3 sporadic cases of the rare syndrome of congenital scalp defects with distal limb deficiency. The manifestations of this syndrome are highly variable. Review of the literature showed 11 families and 19 sporadic cases. In most families the disorder clearly follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, but in some families with reduced penetrance. Important differential diagnoses are the syndrome of scalp defect and postaxial polydactyly, the syndrome of scalp defect and split-hand defect, amniotic band sequence, and epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica type Bart.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 1974 to 1983 in West Germany with respect to the results of lysotyping].

A total of 594 methicillin-resistant (MER) S. aureus strains originating from the Federal Republic of Germany were both tested for their susceptibility to a number of selected antimicrobial agents, and lysotyped with the international set of S. aureus typing phages. Control groups of methicillin-sensitive, but penicillin- (PER) and gentamicin-resistant (GER) strains were tested for comparison. A group of S. aureus strains susceptible to all of the agents tested was included in the statistical evaluation of the lysotyping results. 98% of the MER and 72% of the GER S. aureus strains were cross-resistant towards at least five of the other agents tested. 84 to 97% of the MER strains were resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, kanamycin and gentamicin. The in vitro susceptibility towards lincomycin and amikacin was in the range of 50 to 60%. The strongest in vitro efficacy--both against the MER and the GER strains--was shown by vancomycin and fusidic acid. 52.9% of the MER and 47% of the GER strains, but only 12.3% of the non-resistant strains and no more than 15% of the PER strains belonged to phage-group III; a higher proportion of these latter groups reacted with phage-group I, which was rare among the MER and the GER strains (3.2% and 7.8% respectively). The most frequent phage-patterns of the MER strains were as follows: 47/75/77, 47/54/75/77/84/85, 77/84/85, 47/54/75/77/85, 6/47/54/75/77/84/85, and 55/83A. Most of the phage-group III lysotopes occurred at numerous places across the country, while mixed lysotypes were apparently more confined to certain areas. A relatively high percentage of the MER strains, but notably also of the sensitive strains was non-typable (22.1% and 24.1% respectively), whereas the PER and the GER strains had a considerably lower rate of non-typability (9.3% and 4.8% respectively). A correlation between non-typability and multiresistance was not evident.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

Median cleft face syndrome in association with hydrocephalus, agenesis of the corpus callosum, holoprosencephaly and choanal atresia.

A premature female infant had the characteristic features of the median cleft face syndrome in association with holoprosencephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, hydrocephalus and choanal atresia. Whereas the nervous system is rarely affected in patients with the median cleft face syndrome, severe mental retardation has been reported in three previously published cases and is suggested in our own patient. All had an associated agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of two newly developed forms of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1).

Two modifications of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to the quantitative determination of TSST-1 in culture supernatants of S. aureus strains. In both techniques, biotinylated antibodies (anti-TSST-1), obtained by means of either glutaraldehyde or N,N-dimethyl formamide were used. IgG and biotin were conjugated in various ratios and the different conjugates thus obtained were examined for their reactivity in the ELISA tests. The application of the glutaraldehyde-method resulted in more active, sensitive and stable conjugates. Furthermore, acceptable TSST-1 standard curves under fixed conditions were only obtained when the appropriate ratio of biotin to IgG had been determined before the biotinylated antibodies were employed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Correlation between enterotoxigenicity, tested by different ELISA-techniques, antibiotic resistance patterns and phage groups of Staphylococcus aureus strains.

A group of 596 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various clinical sources or implicated in food poisoning was investigated for enterotoxins A and B (SEA and SEB) production. The conventional ELISA techniques (competitive and sandwich ELISA) were compared with a newly developed avidin-biotin ELISA in their ability to detect the enterotoxins. The avidin-biotin system was not remarkably influenced by SPA up to 10 micrograms/ml. A semi-quantitative competitive ELISA for the detection of staphylococcal protein A (SPA) in culture supernatants was carried out in parallel. The strains isolated in cases of food poisoning showed different antibiotic resistance patterns, whereas the strains from clinical sources were selected for either methicillin or penicillin resistance only. The strains isolated in food poisoning outbreaks (FP strains) were enterotoxin A positive in 22%, enterotoxin B positive in 11%, and SEA + SEB positive in 9% of cases. The strains with resistance to penicillin only (PER strains) produced SEB in 26%, SEA in 14%, and both toxins in 7% of the cases. The methicillin-resistant strains (MCR strains) produced SEA in 59% of cases, whereas SEB was produced in 6% only (SEA + SEB: 20%). 37% of the SEA producers belonged to phage group III (SEB: 30%; SEA + SEB: 25%) and 12% (SEB: 11%; SEA + SEB: 9%) to phage group I. 26% of the SEA-producing and 37% of the SEB-producing strains (SEA + SEB: 23%) were non-typable.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Fat/water separation in the NMR tomogram. The imaging of bone marrow reactions in degenerative intervertebral disk changes].

We examined 410 patients with lumbar disc degeneration. In 23% fat suppressing IR sequences and phase contrast techniques displayed marrow reactions in subchondral bone adjacent to the affected discs. Only in some cases conventional MRI sequences were able to depict these marrow reactions. CT, plain X-ray and scintigraphy did not show marrow changes. Bacterial infection was excluded. Histological analysis showed substitution of haematopoietic marrow by fatty tissue, necrobiosis and increase in mucoid extracellular fluid.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1986

An avidin-biotin ELISA for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B.

The avidin-biotin system was incorporated into the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to establish a new detection method for staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B in culture supernatants. Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) does not interfere significantly with the procedure. The test shows good sensitivity for the toxins and the ease and rapidity with which the assay can be performed make it a valuable tool for the routine detection of enterotoxins.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Experimental calcium oxalate retinopathy compared with cystine- and tyrosine-induced retinal damage. An ophthalmoscopical, histological, and electrophysiological study.

Subcutaneously administered calcium chloride and dibutyloxalate solutions produce calcium-oxalate retinopathy in rabbits that is demonstrable opthalmoscopically and histologically, with remarkable impairment of the electroretinogram, whereas orally administered cystine seems to be inefficient. Orally administered tyrosine induces transitory pathological ERG signals in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimentally induced cystine keratopathy in rabbits.

L-Cystine was administered orally to albino and nonalbino rabbits in order to study cystine-induced corneal lesions. Contact and noncontact specular microscopy revealed opaque preendothelial structures similar to those found in benign cystinosis in humans. Light microscopy showed cytoplasmatic vacuoles in the basal cell layer of the corneal epithelium. Using scanning electron microscopy, increased desquamation of the corneal epithelial cells and massive deposition of proteinic material on the surface of the corneal endothelium were demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimentally induced calcium oxalate keratopathy in rabbits.

In a period of 21 days, six subcutaneous injections of calcium chloride and dibutyloxalate solution produced a flecklike, polymorphous corneal opacity and a slight stromal clouding in chinchilla rabbits, as seen with the slit lamp. In front of the endothelium, opaque structures could be seen with the specular microscope. New Zealand white rabbits showed only a diffuse corneal clouding. Light microscopy revealed a reticular alteration of the cytoplasm in the basal layers of the corneal epithelium primarily in chinchilla bastard rabbits. In central corneal areas an irregular structure of the basal epithelial cells and a papillalike alteration of the stromal-epithelial border was seen. In the endothelium an increased formation of vacuoles was observed in both species. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated endothelial cell loss.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental tyrosine keratopathy in rabbits].

Tyrosine was given to White New Zealand and Chinchilla bastard rabbits. The corneal epithelium showed pinpoint lesions and a pseudokeratitis dendritica from the fourth day on. In spite of continued tyrosine dosage these lesions disappeared clinically within 6 days. Scanning electron microscopy revealed necrosis of isolated epithelial cells even after the twentieth day of tyrosine dosage. Specular microscopy sporadically revealed glittering pre-endothelial structures. It was found by light microscopy that there was a tendency to focal proliferation of corneal epithelial cells and a vacuolization in the basal epithelial cell layers. Endothelial defects may be responsible for circumscribed edema of the corneal stroma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Experimental studies with absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures in infected canine arterial anastomoses.

Vascular anastomoses are usually performed with nonabsorbable synthetic suture material. In an infected wound suture material may have a negative effect on the healing of vascular anastomoses, leading to leakage and formation of false aneurysms. In a canine model 40 neck wounds and 40 groin wounds were contaminated with a standard suspension of Staphylococcus aureus. Subsequently 80 end-to-end anastomoses were performed in both carotid and femoral arteries with the absorbable polydioxanone (PDS) or the nonabsorbable polypropylene (PPL) suture material in one of either side. After wound infection or hemorrhage occurred, or at least 7 days to 6 months after vascular surgery, the dogs were put to death and the contaminated vessels were removed to determine the extent of infection with light and scanning electron microscopy. Macroscopic (presence of pus, anastomotic rupture, or aneurysm) and microscopic findings (absorption, tissue reaction) were compared statistically with the McNemar test. There was no difference in the incidence of wound infection between the sutures examined. Bacteriologic cultures revealed no other microorganism than the inoculated staphylococcus strain or occasional skin contaminants. In the PPL group hemorrhages occurred more frequently (n = 6) than in the PDS group (n = 2; p = 0.125). Anastomotic aneurysms (n = 5) were found only in the PPL group (p = 0.375). These differences, although statistically not significant (because of the small number of the studied anastomoses), suggest the use of monofilament absorbable suture material for autogenous anastomoses in a contaminated area.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental studies on the spitting cobra ophthalmia (Naja nigricollis).

Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the clinical and morphological effects of various doses of Naja nigricollis venom (0.1-5.0 mg) on the eyes of rabbits. Our findings suggest that in the early stage of the ophthalmia caused by the spitting cobra, specific fractions of the venom are responsible for the nitrogen mustardlike effect. However, the further course seems to be determined by liberated inflammation mediators like prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Screening of clinical S. aureus-isolates for the production of exfoliative toxin. A methodological study.

Screening S. aureus-isolates for the production of exfoliative toxin (ET) and discrimination between its two known variants (ETA, ETB) by immunodiffusion (ID), isoelectric focusing (IEF) and animal experiment were assessed methodologically using isolates from a patient with bullous impetigo and a patient with Ritter von Rittershain's disease. Only by animal assay one of the isolates could be identified as ET-producer. ID was used for the discrimination between ETA and ETB. It is concluded that the in-vivo assay for ET-production using live staphylococci can not yet be replaced by ID and IFE and that in patients with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome swabs should be taken from multiple lesions und all S. aureus isolates obtained should be screened for ET-production to prevent false-negative results. Lysotyping alone gives no proof of ET-production since types II 55/71 and II 3A/3C do not produce ET in all cases and toxinogenic S. aureus strains of phage groups I and III have been described.

Adolescent↗