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Biomedical subjects

W Lenney

Publications and source records attributed to W Lenney.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Seasonal variation and time trends in childhood asthma in England and Wales 1975-81.

In England and Wales hospital admissions for childhood asthma almost trebled over the period 1975-81. This may have reflected a true increase in the incidence of acute asthma, a swing from primary to hospital care, or both. The trend was not due to a change in diagnostic fashion. Monthly admissions showed a pronounced seasonal variation with fewest admissions in winter, rising in spring and early summer to peak in the autumn. A deep admission trough was present in August. The monthly admission profile was very similar throughout England and Wales, suggesting that major "trigger" factors were responsible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Efficacy of orally administered salbutamol and theophylline in pre-schoolchildren with asthma.

Oral administration of salbutamol and theophylline has been shown to be effective in relieving bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children aged between 3 and 5 years. Changes in respiratory function were monitored using a Wright's low range peak flow meter and a modification of the forced oscillation technique. A combination of both drugs in half doses was as effective as either alone. Nebulised salbutamol produced considerable further improvement in lung function.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Continuous and intermittent salbutamol tablet administration in asthmatic children.

We studied 22 asthmatic children aged seven years two months to thirteen years eight months over a four-month period. Each child received two months continuous and two months intermittent salbutamol tablets using a double-blind cross-over technique. No significant clinical differences were found between the two treatment regimens as judged by daily diary card scores. Daily PEFRs (both a.m. and p.m.) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) when the children were receiving continuous salbutamol and this was more obvious in the eleven children under ten years old. Lung function tests performed monthly in hospital showed no significant differences between the two treatment regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

BRL10833 in inhibiting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children.

A double-blind controlled exercise challenge study has been performed in 16 asthmatic chlidren to show the effectiveness of BRL10833 in inhibiting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. The children attended the respiratory laboratory on four occasions within the space of two weeks; on each occassion a routine 6-min exercise test was performed. At the first visit no drugs were given before the exercise test and all the children demonstrated abnormal exercise-induced bronchoconstriction as measured by peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). On the other three occasions the children were given sodium cromoglycate, BRL10833 or placebo medications before the exercise test. After sodium cromoglycate administration four children showed complete blocking and four showed partial blocking of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. After BRL10833 four children showed complete blocking and six showed partial blocking of exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Placebo administration produced complete blocking of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in three and partial blocking in two children. The results indicated that BRL10833 was almost as effective as sodium cromoglycate in inhibiting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and placebo, although less effective than the two preparations, did afford protection from exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in some of the children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Use of salbutamol powder in childhood asthma.

In this study on 31 asthmatic children, salbutamol powder was as effective as salbutamol aerosol in the older asthmatic child studied daily during a 6-week period. The rotahaler can be used successfully from 3 years and, as measured by the peak expiratory flow rate, salbutamol powder is effective in this young age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Recurrent wheezing in the preschool child.

The bronchoconstrictor response to exercise was measured in 29 healthy children and in 23 children with recurrent wheezing attacks, using the Wright low-range peak flow meter and a modification of the forced oscillation technique. None of the healthy children showed significant change in airflow obstruction after a 6-minute run, whereas 20 of the 23 wheezy children showed a mean rise in total respiratory resistance of 65-5%. All 23 children showed a fall in airflow obstruction after inhaling salbutamol solution.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1978

Nebulised sodium cromoglycate in the preschool wheezy child.

A double-blind controlled study of 14 preschool children with recurrent wheezing episodes was performed to show the effectiveness of nebulised sodium cromoglycate in inhibiting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in this age group. All 14 children showed markedly less exercise-induced bronchoconstruction after nebulised sodium cromoglycate, 13 of them to a degree indistinguishable from results obtained in normal healthy children in the same age group. Nebulised water afforded protection from exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in some children. This study gives further evidence that sodium cromoglycate is an effective therapeutic agent in children under the age of 5 years.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1978

At what age do bronchodilator drugs work?

Using a modification of the forced oscillation technique we have measured respiratory resistance before and after nebulised salbutamol therapy in 32 wheezing children aged 7 months to 3 years 7 monts. 12 of the children were also studied in a total body plethysmograph. No child under 18 months of aged showed a greater than 5% fall in resistance or any fall in thoracic gas volume. In contrast, 18 of 20 children over 20 months of age showed a fall in resistance greater than 20%.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of acute viral croup.

Total respiratory resistance (RT) was measured before and after nebulised alpha-adrenergic stimulant therapy in 8 children aged 4 to 18 months who had the clinical symptoms of acute viral croup. In 7 children there was a mean fall in RT of 30% after treatment, associated with an improvement in their clinical condition. This improvement was shortlived, the resistance returning to pretreatment levels within 30 minutes. The remaining child showed no improvement after phenylephrine but was subsequently found to have acute epiglottitis. Nebulised water did not produce any change, indicating that the response was not due to moisture alone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Alpha and beta adrenergic stimulants in bronchiolitis and wheezy bronchitis in children under 18 months of age.

Total respiratory resistance was measured before and after nebulised phenylephrine in 5 babies (age range 7 to 17 months) with wheezy bronchitis, and in 2 babies (aged 2 and 6 months) with bronchiolitis. None showed a change in resistance after treatment. Total respiratory resistance was measured before and after nebulised adrenaline in another 14 babies (age range 4 to 13 months) with bronchiolitis. No fall in resistance was noted in any baby after treatment whether or not it was given by a conventional or an ultrasonic nebuliser. We conclude that alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulants are ineffective in bronchiolitis and wheezy bronchitis in children under 18 months of age.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1977

Nebulized sodium cromoglycate in young asthmatic children. Double-blind trial.

Seventeen asthmatic children under 5 years of age took part in a double-blind controlled trial of nebulized sodium cromoglycate solution. Daily symptom scores kept by the parents showed improvement in 11 children during active treatment, and a significant improvement in scores for cough by day and night was obtained for the group as a whole.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular access in cystic fibrosis--does size matter?

UNLABELLED: Vascular access is an important part of patient management in cystic fibrosis. In most instances, vascular access is straightforward. However, a single bad experience with venepuncture has a lasting impact. Clinical experience suggested that for some individuals a smaller, shorter intravenous catheter (Leaderflex 22G, 0.7 mm 8.0 cm, Vygon) might be a suitable alternative to standard vascular access via a standard long-line (2 Fr or 3 Fr Nutriline, Vygon). METHODS: Between September 2002 and May 2004 we offered a free, fully informed choice between a standard 30 cm long line or a shorter (8 cm) Leaderflex line and audited this change in practice. RESULTS: A total of 56 lines were inserted over the study period. Data were available for 54 of these (22 Leaderflex and 32 standard long lines). Mean and median line survival was omparable. Leaderflex lines survived for a mean of 12.2 days and median of 14 days. Standard long lines survived for a mean of 12.6 days and median of 14 days. DISCUSSION: Leaderflex lines offer a well-tolerated alternative to standard long lines for the administration of a 14-day course of intravenous antibiotics. Their reduced size and cost offer advantages to patients and doctors.

Journal Article↗