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Biomedical subjects

W Lee

Publications and source records attributed to W Lee.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Electric infusion pole adjuster.

A newly developed electric motorized infusion pole stand permits the surgeon to rapidly and accurately alter the rate and pressure of infusion during intraocular surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of somatostatin distribution in pancreatic duct ligated rats and streptozotocin diabetic rats.

The somatostatin content in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract was examined in normal, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic and pancreatic duct ligation (PDL) rats. The somatostatin content in the pancreas and gastric antrum in the STZ-diabetic group showed a higher concentration compared with those in the normal control group (p less than 0.001). The somatostatin content in the duodenum in the PDL group showed a higher concentration compared with those in the sham-operated group (p less than 0.02). There was no significant increase in the lower gastrointestinal tract in the normal, STZ and PDL groups. These facts suggest that the concentration of somatostatin varies according to tissues and organs and that the distribution of somatostatin in chronic pancreatic injury caused by PDL is different from that in diabetes mellitus cases or controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Surgical and medical experience with 734 premature infants with patient ductus arteriosus.

During the past 5 years, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) presented in 734 preterm infants (less than 2.5 kg and 37 weeks gestation) of 2,532 admissions (29%). The ductus presented with murmur, bounding pulses, and often congestive heart failure. Medical treatment consisted of the following: fluid restriction, furosemide, respiratory support, and rarely digoxin. The patients who were unresponsive to medical treatment had surgical ligation (306 of 734 or 42%). The patients who had ductal ligation were smaller, i .e., 82% of the surgical patients weighed less than 1.5 kg as compared to 38% of the medical patients. Of those patients weighing less than 1.5 kg, the surgical and medical groups were compared and the following observations made: The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was greater in the surgical group (86% or 216 of 252 patients versus 69% or 111 of 161 medical patients, p less than 0.001) and the long-term survival was better (89% or 224 of 252 surgical patients versus 77% or 124 of 161 medical patients, p less than 0.005). In addition, the average duration of intubation was shorter in this surgical subgroup (8.9 versus 13.6 days). Significant left atrial enlargement and echocardiographic left atrial/aortic (LA/Ao) ratios of greater than 1.5:1 occurred in 58% or 171 of 290 surgical patients versus 32% or 59 of 190 medical patients (p less than 0.001). During the first 3 years of this study (medical treatment averaged 5 days), the duration of intubation in the surgical patients averaged 15.2 days; by comparison, in the last 2 years of this study (medical treatment averaged 1 to 2 days), the duration of intubation was 6.5 days (p less than 0.001). Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) occurred in 11% or 46 of 428 medical patients versus 0.3% (one of 305 patients) in the ligated group postoperatively (p less than 0.001). Late deaths were related to lung disease, central nervous system problems, NEC, and so on. From this study, it was determined that ligation of a significant PDA is associated with (1) zero surgical risk, (2) a reduced incidence of NEC, (3) reduced duration of intubation, especially with early ligation, and (4) improvement in late survival. Thus the surgical approach is our treatment of choice for a refractory PDA.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Caring for Indochinese refugees.

A refugee camp in Hong Kong and a health center in Los Angeles provide data on patterns of health care among Indochinese refugees. American physicians need to be aware that incoming refugees use both Western and traditional Chinese models of medical care. In addition, they are subject to special psychologic problems resulting from their past ordeals and their resettlement in a different country. Increased emergency aid should be provided to geographic areas with large concentrations of refugees.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ankle-knee synchronous knee lock mechanism: a revision.

An ankle-knee synchronous mechanism in a new endoskeletal above-knee (A-K) prosthesis has been designed and a preliminary clinical study has been conducted. A revision of the knee mechanism which is mainly focused on the basis of reducing the energy cost of the prosthetic wearer has been developed. It provides multiple position of the knee lock. It also provides anterior placement of the knee joint and a synchronous motion with the ankle joint. It enables the prosthetic wearer to minimize the effect of hip extensor contraction, to stabilize the knee, and maximize the sense of security and to balance the body over the artificial limb through the stance phase of gait. It permits the amputees to assume various body postures which enable them to perform daily activities. A new concept for alignment of A-K prosthesis is accomplished by using a weight bearing line instead of a trochanter and ankle (TKA) line, especially for the short A-K amputees. Deletion of the inertia control mechanism becomes possible by simply inserting a bumper in the knee to prevent terminal impact at swing phase and a built in coil spring acts as a knee extension aid.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1982

Ascorbic acid in lymphocytes: cell preparation and liquid-chromatographic assay.

Measurements of ascorbic acid concentration in leukocytes by "high-performance" liquid chromatography (HPLC) provides better nutritional assessment, leading to better management, particularly of presymptomatic and critically ill patients. This procedure includes a simple, reproducible cell-separation technique that requires no more than 2 mL of whole blood. Cell populations are separable with greater than 95% purity and greater than 99% viability. Ascorbic acid is assayed by HPLC. The vitamin can be reproducibly quantified in concentrations as low as 0.1 microgram/mL of cell extract. The chromatographic procedure is very rapid, analysis being completed within 15 min after specimen preparation. The assay is suitable also for urine and protein-free filtrates of plasma and of other biological materials. Reference intervals for plasma, mononuclear leukocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were established. A preliminary clinical evaluation revealed that hospital patients were at a greater risk of ascorbic acid deficiency than expected.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Angiosarcoma of the heart: ultrastructural study.

Two angiosarcomas of the heart, both arising from the right atrium, were studied with the electron microscope. Ultrastructural characteristics of angiomatous development were demonstrated both at the better differentiated vascular areas and at the less differentiated, spindle-cell foci. Both tumors were dominated by immature endothelial cells. These cells were associated with primitive mesenchymal cells and transitional forms of pericytes. Intracytoplasmic lumen formation and junctional specialization with neovascular development are unique features of angiogenesis in these tumors. Ultrastructural studies may provide useful diagnostic features separating a true malignant vascular neoplasm of endothelial cell origin from other forms of mesenchymal neoplasia that may have a prominent stromal vascular component.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effect of diabetes on leucine and fucose incorporation into PNS myelin proteins.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Segmental demyelination and other pathological changes frequently accompany loss of sensory amd motor nerve function. Morphological changes seen in diabetic nerve myelin may be a result of altered Schwann cell metabolism under hyperglycemic conditions. Using both alloxan and streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats of 2, 4 and 8 months duration of diabetes, metabolic changes in isolated sciatic nerve myelin were assessed using a double-label in vitro incubation system. Incorporation of 3H-fucose and 1-14C-leucine into myelin was determined per microgram protein. Specific activities of incorporated protein precursors were compared as a ratio of fucose to leucine. Using the Newman-Kuels test for multiple comparisons, statistically significant increases were found in the incorporation ratios of diabetic rats at 2 and 4 months of diabetes when tested against age-matched controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Specificity of power improvements through slow and fast isokinetic training.

College age males performed maximal two-legged isokinetic knee extensions three times per week for 6 wk at either 60 degrees/s (slow) or 300 degrees/s (fast) or both 60 and 300 degrees/s (mixed). The velocity specific and action specific (two-leg vs. one leg) improvements in peak torque (PT) were compared to a placebo group receiving low-level muscle stimulation. The slow group improved PT significantly (P less than 0.05) more than the placebo group only at its training velocity (60 degrees/s) and more so when the specific two-legged training action was mimicked (+32% with two legs vs. +19% with one leg). The mixed group enhanced PT by 24 and 16% at their respective training velocities of 60 and 300 degrees/s. These improvements were significantly larger than placebo and also significantly larger than the 9% improvement observed at the midvelocity of 180 degrees/s. The training specificity demonstrated by the slow and mixed groups suggest that neural mechanisms contributed to their improvements in power. This is supported by their unchanging muscle morphology. Training solely at 300 degrees/s (fast) however improved PT significantly more than placebo not only at the training velocity (+18%), but also at a slower velocity of 180 degrees/s (+17%). The fast group demonstrated a significant enlargement (+11%) of type II muscle fibers. These data suggest type II fiber hypertrophy to be a plausible mechanism for the nonspecific improvement of the fast group; however, a neurological adaptation that enhances power at and below the training velocity cannot be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Central serous choroidopathy in the Hallermann-Streiff Syndrome.

Central serous choroidopathy was observed in a young patient with the Hallermann-Streiff syndrome. Typical features of this syndrome include microphthalmos, proportionate dwarfism, dyscephaly with birdlike facies, dental abnormalities, and hypotrichosis. Exceptional aspects of this case include age of onset (11 years), high hyperopic refractive error (+ 13.00 sphere), and multiple recurrences caused by six separate documented leaks from the choroid. Fundus changes previously reported in the Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, interpreted as chorioretinal pigmentary changes, may have been secondary to previous undiagnosed central serous choroidopathy. Periodic ophthalmoscopy should be performed and may detect unrecognized episodes of central serous choroidopathy for which photocoagulation would be beneficial.

Adolescent↗