Biomedical subjects

W Langsteger

Publications and source records attributed to W Langsteger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

[Beta-carotene, vitamin A and carrier proteins in thyroid diseases].

The conversion of beta-carotene (provitamin A) to 2 molecules of vitamin A (retinol) is accelerated by thyroxine and hyperthyroidism, respectively. The characteristic yellow tint of the skin in hypothyroidism is due to hyper-beta-carotenemia. Both in hyper- and hypothyroidism in a retinol deficiency has been observed in literature. In a series of 36 patients (16 hyper-, 8 hypo-, and 12 euthyroid) serum samples were analyzed for retinol and beta-carotene levels (high pressure liquid chromatography) as well as retinol binding protein (radial immune diffusion), prealbumin (nephelometry), and serum zinc values (atomic absorption spectrometry) were established. The beta-carotene serum level in the hypothyroid group (mean 1.1 microgram/ml) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in relation to euthyroid controls (0.6 microgram/ml), the hyperthyroid group showed significantly lower values (0.3 microgram/ml). RBP and prealbumin concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in hyperthyroid as against eu- and hypothyroid patients. Surprisingly, in all 3 groups the retinol levels were not significantly different, although the hyperthyroid group was slightly lower (0.6 microgram/ml) than the mean value of 0.7 micrograms/ml in the other groups. A vitamin A and protein rich food, customary in Central Europe, seems to rule out any vitamin A deficiency both in hyper- and hypothyroidism. However, the beta-carotene values are significantly higher in hypothyroidism, while in hyperthyroidism they were lower. As intrahepatic zinc content plays an important role in the synthesis of RBP and its secretion together with retinol, we also analyzed this component: The serum zinc levels in hyperthyroid patients were clearly higher (79.1 micrograms/dl) than in the hypothyroid group with 57 micrograms/dl (p < 0.05).

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[TBG isoforms in the course of hyperthyroidism].

In 7 hyperthyroid patients on the one hand thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) was determined by commercially available radioimmunoassay and on the other hand TBG-isovariants were established by means of isoelectric focusing. For assessment blood samples were taken upon admittance to our hospital and 2 and 4 weeks thereafter, respectively, during antithyroid drug treatment. A comparative series of 10 euthyroid subjects were equally evaluated. Both groups showed no significant differences of TBG values at onset and in the course of antithyroid treatment. However, TBG isovariants showed significant decreases in anionic bands (pH 4.25 to 4.45) whereas a significant increase in cathodic bands (pH 4.55 to 4.65) at onset of treatment compared to the euthyroid control group could be observed. During the course of antithyroid treatment the values of TBG-isobands reversed reaching the pattern of normal group. In contrast to the recent research by Hashizume et al. we observed no reduction in TBG level in hyperthyroid patients although a significant shift in the TBG isovariants could be established. Due to the antithyroid treatment prescribed, the TBG isovariants finally reached the normal pattern of euthyroid controls.

Female↗

PubMed1993

[Modification of maximal binding capacity and radio-T3/T4 distribution by carbamazepine and diclofenac].

Marked changes in plasma thyroid function parameters due to medication have been described in literature. We, therefore, studied the influence of routine administration of carbamazepine and diclofenac upon the radio T3/T4 distribution to specific thyroid transport proteins as well as their maximal binding capacity (MBC) for T4. Both drugs have been found to lead to changes in T3 and T4 distribution but not to any influence upon MBC. The parameters of thyroid function mostly revealed reduced FT3 and FT4 values while bTSH was affected only by carbamazepine administration.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Iodine content of thyroid tissue in the Styrian population].

The iodine concentration was determined in 89 thyroid tissue samples of post-mortem examination material of thyroid healthy persons in dependency to the age. Before the 22nd week little iodine is stored in the fetal thyroid gland (median and range: 24 micrograms/g wet weight [0 to 27 micrograms/g]). From the 23rd week on the concentration is significantly higher (p = 0.004). There is a further increase of iodine concentration in the first 6 months of life, with a median concentration of 171 micrograms/g (75 to 808 micrograms/g). With a median of 599 micrograms/g (464 to 699 micrograms/g) the iodine concentration in the second year of life is comparable with that of adults (640 micrograms/g [218 to 2772 micrograms/g]). From the 60th year of life the median concentration is 462 micrograms/g (155 to 2100 micrograms/g), but this decrease is not statistically significant. Additionally the iodine concentration was determined in 7 topographically defined regions of 28 thyroid glands. The median iodine concentration did not differ in the 7 regions, but the iodine content in one and the same thyroid gland differed from region to region. Therefore in the healthy thyroid gland no regions exist, which have generally stored less iodine than others. However, no conclusion can be drawn from the iodine concentration of one biopsy to the whole iodine concentration of the organ.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Modification of blood viscosity and elasticity. Principle therapeutic approach in relation to its pathophysiology].

Exercising a therapeutic influence on the viscoelastic properties of whole blood is a very complex matter. In general, apart from hemodilution, the modification of such factors as erythrocyte aggregation, red cell rigidity or plasma viscosity, all of which may be influenced more or less independently of one another, are possible approaches. The present article discusses the basic possibilities of influencing the viscoelasticity of blood for therapeutic purposes, with attention being paid in particular to the pathogenesis of hyperviscosemia.

Blood Viscosity↗

PubMed1992

Hypervolemic haemodilution and completed stroke: how important is the application time for its effect?

In 75 patients with completed stroke hypervolemic haemodilution was performed for 1 day with 500 ml 6% HES 200.000/0.6-0.66 (Elohäst) to test the acute influence of application time for haemorheological changes. The patients were divided into 3 groups randomly selected: group A received the infusion for 2 hours, group B for 4 hours and group C for 6 hours. Haematocrit (HCT), whole blood viscosity (VI-VB), blood elasticity (EL-VB) and plasma viscosity (VI-PL) were determined before onset of infusion, after 6 and 18 hours subsequently. The values obtained were compared with the onset results. In all groups and parameters after 6 hours there was a significant decrease. After 18 hours group A showed a significant higher value of HCT and increasing trends for VI-VB and EL-VB. In group B after 18 hours a significant decrease of VI-VB could be observed. In group C all values remained significantly below the onset. The results show, that one important haemorheological argument for an effective form of haemodilution should also be a long application time. This might be one of the reasons, why in some studies with hypervolemic haemodilution no positive results could be obtained.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Involvement of the immune system in iodine deficient goiter.

Iodine deficient goiters were studied by immunohistochemistry and showed extensive presence and typical arrangement of dendritic cells, known to have excellent antigen presenting capacity. These cells were positive for all MHC-class II epitopes and for ICAM-1. Epithelial follicle lining cells were also seen to be class II positive but lacked ICAM-1. Thyroglobulin seemed not to be iodinated at the C-terminal hormogenic site, as shown by reactions with monoclonal antibodies. Iodine therapy, as well as thyroxine therapy were effective in reducing thyroid size. Both forms of therapy were found to decrease the pretreatment levels of circulating thyroid growth stimulating immunoglobulins (TGI).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1992

[Schmidt syndrome--a case report].

Pathologic organ specific autoimmune disease frequently affect endocrine glands and mostly lead to an insufficiency of the organs involved. Immunoendocrine diseases often occur in a polyglandular fashion and are consequently termed autoimmune polyglandular syndromes or immunoendocrinopathy syndromes. Among the different types one of the most frequent is known as Schmidt's syndrome or typus tyreosuprarenalis. Two case reports typical for this syndrome are described from a clinical point of view indicating also the respective diagnostics.

Addison Disease↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of naftidrofuryl on viscoelasticity, thrombocyte aggregation and erythrocyte fluidity of blood].

In 30 patients suffering from cerebrovascular disease stage I with atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid's bifurcation the effect of a 7-days application with 400 mg Naftidrofuryl versus NaCl was tested. As parameters viscosity and elasticity of whole blood, plasma viscosity, erythrocytes' and membrane fluidity point, as well as platelet aggregation (spontaneous, ADP-, Epinephrine- and Collagen-induced) were determined before onset, after 4 days and after 8 days. After 8 days treatment with naftidrofuryl there was a significant improvement in viscosity and elasticity of whole blood as well as in erythrocytes' elongation, membrane-fluidity and in the induced test of platelet aggregation.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Autonomic neuropathies in skin and its incidence in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The autonomic function of nerve fibres was investigated with the newly developed hyperthermal Laser-Doppler-Flowmetry in 45 patients suffering from Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM). They were divided into 3 groups depending on the duration of NIDDM. Group A contained a duration of 1-3 years, group B 4-5 years and group C 5-6 years. All groups showed a dysfunction of autonomic nerve fibres: in group A there were 4 of 11 patients, in group B 2 of 13 and in group C no patients with values within the normal ranges. So autonomic neuropathies of skin seem to be one of the earliest complications in NIDDM

Adult↗

PubMed1992

IgG-anticardiolipin-antibodies are markers for cerebral and peripheral artery disease.

Anticardiolipin-antibodies are antibodies to phospholipids which were first detected in patients with arterial thrombosis and lupus erythematosus. In this prospective study, IgG- and IgM-anticardiolipin-antibodies were determined in patients with cerebral and/or peripheral artery disease but without autoimmune disorders. 123 randomly selected patients (88 males, 35 females; mean: 65 +/- 10, range: 41-85 years) were included and divided into four groups: 18 patients with isolated cerebrovascular disease (group A), 35 patients with peripheral artery disease only (group B), 35 patients suffering from cerebral and peripheral artery disease (group C) and 35 patients as controls (group D). In family history, cholesterol, blood sugar and prothrombin time the four patient groups did not differ significantly, whereas patients of group B and C were more often smokers than those in groups A and D. However, IgG-anticardiolipin-antibody-levels were significantly elevated in patients with cerebral and peripheral artery disease compared to controls (p less than 0.01). The highest values were seen in group C where patients suffered from cerebral and peripheral artery disease (n.s.). On the other hand, IgM-anticardiolipin-antibody-levels did not show any differences in the four groups. Furthermore, there was no correlation between vascular risk factors and/or laboratory findings with IgG- and IgM-antibody-levels. Thus, elevated IgG-anticardiolipin-antibodies appear to be independent markers for severe cerebral and peripheral artery disease and should be determined in patients at increased risk.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Kinetic effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200.000/0.6-0.66 in hypervolemic hemodilution].

An open study was carried out in order to examine therapeutic effectivity of repeated administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200.000/0.60-0.66 (HES). 10 patients aged 63 to 77 years with peripheral arterial occlusive disease Stage II b were given 500 ml Elohaest as a hypervolemic hemodilution for 12 days. Fasting levels of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in serum, hematocrit, and serum-alpha-amylase were measured. During the first 4 treatment days, HES levels and serum-alpha-amylase increased in a significant manner; then it fluctuated towards a plateau without significant differences. The hematocrit decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of therapy. So it was possible to show, that during repeated application with the chosen dosage of 6% HAES 200.000/0.6-0.66 there is no dangerous cumulation of HAES.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Hypervolemic hemodilution with medium molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch: effect of duration of administration on viscoelasticity of blood in IIa and IIb peripheral arterial occlusive disease].

45 consecutive patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) stage IIa and b were integrated in a study about the effect of hemorheological parameters due to different application times. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups with different application times: group A received the infusion during 2, group B during 4, and group C during 6 hours. The used substance was 500 ml 6% HES 200,000/0.6-0.66. Except elasticity of group A all hemorheological parameters from group A to group C show a decrease after 6 hours, the trend to the same phenomenon could be observed after 24 hours in group B and C, while group A except plasma viscosity showed even a trend to increasing values compared to onset. As a conclusion of these results, long-time application should be preferred.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Gallopamil and changes of adenosine diphosphate- and collagen-induced thrombocyte aggregation].

In blood samples of 12 healthy volunteers (5 female, 7 male) the influence of Gallopamil (Procorum, CAS 16662-47-8) on the adenosine-diphosphate- (ADP-) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation was studied. Measurements in platelet rich plasma after induction with 1 mumol ADP and 0.5 microgramml collagen with gallopamil were performed. After incubation mit 250 mumol gallopamil a second test was carried out. The parameters were compared with the U-test. After application of 250 mumol gallopamil a significant reduction of ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation could be observed. This is a sign for a protective effect of gallopamil in atherosclerotic disorders due to its calcium-channel blocking property.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1991

[Evaluating thyroid gland function in patients with protein anomalies].

The euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia (EHT) is characterized on the one hand by a normal basal THS or TRH-TSH response but also by high plasma values of total thyroxine (TT4) on the other. However if only TT4 is assessed, "hyperthyroidism" may be diagnosed erroneously. EHT may be caused by an increase of specific thyroxine binding proteins which may be hereditary (permanent) or acquired (transient). The most frequent disturbance is due to an estrogen induced increase of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) in the course of pregnancy, anticonceptive drugs or estrogen treatment. The albumin associated HT (FDH syndrome), first reported in 1979, has autosomal dominant traits. 144 patients with FDH syndrome were observed during the period between 1984 and 1990, i.e. 7% (1986) of all hyperthyroid patients explored. Family screening is required to prevent unjustified treatment. Additionally existing disturbances of thyroid function as well as other protein binding anomalies may both cause problems in differential diagnosis. Prealbumin associated hyperthyroxinemia (PAAH), first published in 1982, may be due to an inherited increase in affinity, but may also be the consequence of a true elevation of prealbumin plasma concentration in the course of an islet cell cancer; both conditions are extremely rare. Nearly as rare are patients with plasma autoantibodies directed against T4 and/or T3 (5 cases); yet, a reverse T3 autoantibody could be observed in merely 1 case. By means of our modified radio-thyroxine-agarosegel-iceelectrophoresis all such protein anomalies may be diagnosed and differentiated in 1 procedure. Moreover, all other types of EHT must be taken into consideration by differential diagnosis.

Blood Protein Disorders↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of metoprolol on microcirculation and blood viscoelasticity].

In 40 patients microcirculation of skin as well as viscoelasticity of blood and plasma were investigated. 20 of them suffered from essential hypertension (group A) and were treated with metoprolol with a dosage of 50 to 200 mg per day. The rest of 20 subjects were controls (group B). In the group treated with metoprolol the values for blood viscosity were decreased in a significant manner, while skin microcirculation, blood elasticity and plasma viscosity did not show a significant difference. The results demonstrate that metoprolol is not only possible as medication in ischemic disease, but this substance can have a benefit in this indication because of its hemorheological effect.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed1991

[Modifications in erythrocyte elongation in blood samples of test subjects following gallopamil administration].

In 12 blood samples of healthy non-smokers younger than 40 years the erythrocytes-elongation was studied after Gallopamil-incubation, to obtain data for a possible rheological effect of this substance. For incubation dosages of 20, 50 and 100 micrograms/ml were used. After incubation with 50 and 100 micrograms/ml the elongation index of red blood cells increased in a significant manner. The results show, that Gallopamil does not only have a effect for vasodilatation but also for hemorheological parameters.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Volume replacement with 2 equivalent molecular weight dextrans: effect on erythrocyte elongation in vitro].

The influence of 2 dextranes with the identical molecular weight of 70,000 Dalton for erythrocytes' elongation was investigated in-vitro in 12 healthy male subjects. An increasing dosage between 0.5 and 10 mg/ml Dextran (trade name: Dextran 70 "Ebewe") and Dextran B (weight-equivalent) was added and the elongation index of erythrocytes at shear-rate 50/sec was determined under fluid conditions. Dextran B showed a stronger reduction of elongation index than Dextran A with an elevation of difference up to the highest dosage. The results show that although the molecular weight is identical, differences in hemorheological properties could observed. This should be taken into consideration for volume substitution therapy.

Adult↗