Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W L Whiting

Publications and source records attributed to W L Whiting.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Age differences in context integration in memory.

This research examined the role of contextual integration in memories of younger and older adults. In 2 experiments, recall of a target picture to a context picture cue was better when sentences were generated that integrated the picture pair and when the picture pairs were already related to each other. Age differences were smallest when sentences were generated for semantically related pairs. Older adults generated the same type sentences as younger adults, although they generated fewer integrations for unrelated pairs. In a 3rd experiment, younger adults could not differentiate between younger- and older-generated sentences from Experiment 1, and the sentences did not differentially affect recall performance. The results are discussed in terms of age differences in self-initiated processing when using context.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Differential age-related processing limitations in recall and recognition tasks.

The degree to which processing resources are responsible for age differences in performance on recall and recognition tasks was examined in this study. To examine this, a secondary task incorporating a memory component (digit preloads) was implemented during retrieval. Results revealed that older adults, relative to younger adults, exhibited greater decrements in secondary task performance as the difficulty of the secondary task increased. These age differences were greater in the recall task than in the recognition task. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that speed accounted for the largest proportion of age-related variance in the recall task while both speed and working memory contributed to much of the secondary task variance. Results confirm the hypothesis that recall requires greater processing capacity than recognition and that older adults have greater processing-capacity limitations than younger adults.

Adolescent↗