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Biomedical subjects

W L Haskell

Publications and source records attributed to W L Haskell.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Plasma lipoprotein distributions in male and female runners.

Recent studies have shown a consistent association between relatively low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and increased risk of coronary heart disease. A cross-sectional comparison was made of the distribution of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in groups of 41 male and 43 female long distance runners versus larger control groups matched for age and sex, randomly selected from northern California towns. The runners showed modestly lower total cholesterol concentrations, while their triglyceride levels were only 50% of control. HDL-cholesterol was higher in runners than controls (75 +/- 14 vs 56 +/- 14 mg/100 ml for women; 64 +/- 13 vs 43 +/- 10 for men), while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower (113 +/- 33 vs 124 +/- 34 for women; 125 +/- 21 vs 139 +/- 32 for men). All differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.05), and only partially attributable to known factors other than high physical activity level. Since the runners were predominantly normotensive, relatively lean, and exclusively nonsmokers, they appear to constitute a remarkably favored group with respect to risk of cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Cardiovascular risk and use of estrogens or estrogen-progestagen combinations. Stanford three-community study.

Cardiovascular risk factors were assess in 986 women residing in three northern California communities. Women who reported current use of oral contraceptives had higher plasma triglyceride levels and systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared with women not using these agents, after adjusting for age and for the greater relative leannes of oral contraceptive users. Similar increases, albeit of lesser magnitude, were observed in women who used pure estrogens. Mexican-American women appeared to be more susceptible to the effects of estrogens, perhaps as a consequence of their greater degree of obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of physical activity on weight reduction in obese middle-aged women.

Increased physical activity consisting of jog-walking 2.5 miles and 1 hr of calisthenics/week was the primary focus of a 17-week weight reduction program in 22 obese (X = 40% body fat) women ages 30 to 52, many of whom had failed at previous attempts to lose weight by dieting alone. Regular exercise was also increased substantially on an individual basis. Caloric restriction was self-determined and was generally moderate, accounting for about 60% of the total mean energy deficit. Initial and final evaluations included body composition by hydrostatic weighing, progressive multistage exercise testing, and plasma lipid and lipoprotein analyses. A mean relative body fat reduction of 5% (P less than or equal to 0.001) was achieved by a drop in fat body weight (X = 5.4 kg; P less than or equal to 0.001) which closely paralleled that of total body weight (X = 4.2 kg; P less than or equal to 0.001). Mean heart rates and systolic blood pressures at identical submaximal exercise intensities were significantly lower at the time of reevaluation. Mean plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations did not change significantly (P greater than 0.05). However, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio increased significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05). Increased physical activity combined with moderate dieting is a feasible approach to weight reduction in middle-aged women.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Prediction of body composition in habitually active middle-aged men.

In 45 physically active men (ages 35-67 yr) who underwent hydrostatic weighing to determine body composition, multiple regression equations were developed for the prediction of body density (D), lean body weight (LBW), fat body weight (FBW), and % fat using selected anthropometric measurements. The prediction accuracy for these parameters using several previously generated anthropometric regression equations was also determined. With equations developed from the present data a substantially higher correlation was obtained between measured and predicted LBW (r = 0.95) than between measured and predicted D (r = 0.85), FBW (r = 0.88), or % fat (r = 0.84). When previously developed equations were applied to the present sample, correlations between measured and predicted values were considerably lower (4-42%) than in the original studies; this reduction was least in the case of LBW. Analysis of previous data indicated that in selected populations total body weight can account for a relatively large fraction of the variance in LBW. LBW may be estimated quite accurately (r greater than or equal to 0.90) in physically active men with one of several regression equations which include total body weight as an independent variable.

Adult↗