Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Kostowski

Publications and source records attributed to W Kostowski.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Some behavioral effects of microinjections of noradrenaline and serotonin into the hippocampus of the rat.

The effects of intra-hippocampal (dentate gyrus) microinjections of noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5HT) on various forms of rats' behavior were studied. NA injections produced an increase in the rats' exploratory behavior in the open field test, potentiated the animals' reaction to pain and significantly increased the aversive properties of an electric shock in the conflict test. 5HT injections inhibited the rats exploratory behavior in the open field test, attenuated the retention of a passive avoidance reaction and increased suppressant effects of shock in the conflict test. The findings indicate an antagonistic role of both monoamines in the regulation of various aspects of animal behavior and point to the hippocampus as a one of possible anatomic substrates for such an interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Decreased disrupting effect of neuroleptics on conditioned avoidance in rats with lesions in the mid-brain raphe nuclei.

The present study evaluated the effects of some neuroleptics (Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, spiroperidol) on general activity and avoidance behavior (one-way and two-way) in rats with lesions in the midbrain raphe nuclei (the nucleus raphe medianus and nucleus raphe dorsalis). Animals with lesions showed reduced response to neuroleptics when compared with sham-operated animals. The resistance of raphe-lesioned rats to neuroleptics is discussed on the basis of possible interaction between catecholamine and serotonin brain neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Rotational behavior produced by unilateral ventral noradrenergic bundle lesions: evidence for a noradrenergic-dopaminergic interaction in the brain.

In this study the effect of unilateral electrocoagulation of the ventral noradrenergic bundle (VB) on rotational behavior produced by dopaminergic agonists was investigated. Unilateral lesions to the VB produced a decrease in the concentration of noradrenaline but not dopamine, serotonin or 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the ipsilateral part of the forebrain. These lesions produced also strong and dose-dependent preference for ipsilateral rotation after systemic injection of apomorphine or amphetamine. The results are discussed in terms of possible interaction between noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems and it is proposed that the VB plays a regulatory role in the function of brain nigro-striatal dopaminergic system.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1982

Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions of A10 dopaminergic neurons on aggressive behavior in rats.

The present study evaluated the effects of microinjections of 6-hydroxydopamine into the ventral mesencephalic tegmental area (nucleus A10) on aggressive behavior in rats. This treatment resulted in a reduction in foot-shock-induced fighting but failed to influence muricide (mouse-killing) behavior in chronically isolated rats. The general activity of animals tested in the open field was significantly increased two weeks after lesions. These behavioral changes were accompanied by a significant depletion of forebrain dopamine, with no difference between lesioned and sham-lesioned rats in norepinephrine and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels.

Aggression↗
PubMed1982

MIF-1 facilitates passive avoidance retention.

MIF-1 (Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2) is an endogenous substance which seems to be involved in the regulation of some central nervous system functions. It was recently shown to affect learning and memory processes. In order to further clarify the role of MIF in these processes we used two different passive avoidance tests: one-trial step down (SD) and shock suppressed drinking (SSD). Z-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 was administered on the training day ip either 15 minutes before trial or immediately after. The doses used were as follows: SD--1.0 mg/kg, SSD--0.05 mg/kg (in the group injected before trial) and 1.0 mg/kg--SD and SSD, in the groups injected post-trial. Only the immediate post-training injection of peptide resulted in significant prolongation of the step-down latencies on the retention-day. Similarly, in the SSD procedure only post-training MIF markedly attenuated water intake on the day after training. In a separate experiment we have found that in the dose of 1.0 mg/kg, but not 0.1 mg/kg, MIF significantly inhibited water intake. These results suggest that this naturally occurring peptide can contribute to the processes of memory consolidation and water intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Lesion of serotonergic neurons antagonizes clonidine induced suppression of avoidance behavior and locomotor activity in rats.

The effects of clonidine on avoidance acquisition and locomotor activity were studied in male Wistar rats with 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) lesions of the median raphe nucleus. Lesioned animals showed marked depletion in forebrain serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid concentrations. clonidine (0.2 mg/kg IP in a single daily dose for 6 consecutive days) inhibited avoidance acquisition and reduced locomotor activity in unlesioned rats. In 5,6-DHT rats clonidine failed to produce depressive effect. The resistance of raphe-lesioned rats to clonidine is discussed on the basis of possible interaction between noradrenergic and serotonergic brain systems.

5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine↗
PubMed1981

Effects of stimulation of the raphe nuclei on muricide behavior in rats.

Mouse-killing behavior was induced in male Wistar rats by chronic isolation. Selective stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus markedly reduced this aggressive behavior. On the other hand, stimulation of the median raphe nucleus produced no changes in muricide behavior. Our results indicate that dorsal and median raphe nuclei function differentially in the regulation of muricide behavior with the dorsal raphe playing a critical role in this behavioral pattern.

Aggression↗
PubMed1981

Some behavioral effects of chlorodesmethyldiazepam and lorazepam.

Two benzodiazepine derivatives, chlorodesmethyldiazepam (CDD) and lorazepam (LOR) were compared in rats and mice in some behavioral tests. Both compounds similarly depressed audiogenic seizures, facilitated the behavior suppressed by punishment (conflict test) and produced muscle relaxant and sedative effects as measured in a rota-rod test. In low and moderate doses CDD paradoxically increased shock-induced fighting while in a higher dose it strongly reduced this behavioral pattern.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1980

Locus coeruleus lesions and avoidance behavior in rats.

Bilateral electrolytic lesions of the locus coeruleus were performed in rats. In comparison with controls, lesioned rats showed decreased acquisition of two-way avoidance response, less intertrial responses, longer latency of avoidance responses on the first day of training, and needed more trials to reach the extinction criterion. It is suggested that locus coeruleus, contrary to the ventral noradrenergic bundle, facilitates avoidance behavior in rats.

Animals↗