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Biomedical subjects

W Koch

Publications and source records attributed to W Koch.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Prevention of antibody mediated dextran side effects by hapten inhibition in dogs (author's transl)].

The effectiveness of low molecular dextran (dextran 1) in preventing antibody mediated dextran side effects (hapten inhibition) was investigated in immunized dogs. After injection of clinical dextran (dextran 60) a rapid fall of systolic blood pressure and a decrease of leucocytes, thrombocytes and haemolytic complement activity was noted. The protective effect of a dextran 1 preinjection was clearly demonstrated; in contrast the built-in hapten injection (dextran + hapten together) was ineffective.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of low molecular (monovalent) dextran (Dx 1) in volunteers.

Dextran-induced side effects were attributed to preformed antibodies that cross-react with dextran. These antibodies can be blocked by monovalent haptens (dextrans 1) in animals. Dextran 1 is also well tolerated in humans. Plasma levels and renal excretion of monovalent dextran (dextran 1, molecular weight around 1,000) were measured in five volunteers after intravenous administration of 20 ml 15% dextran 1 (3 g), and in one volunteer after intravenous administration of 50 ml (7.5 g). Measurements could be satisfactorily described by a two-compartment open model with elimination from the central compartment only: mean half-life for the beta phase of 1.9 h, a mean cumulative asymptotic elimination of dextran in the urine of 75%, and a mean renal clearance of 137 ml/min with a mean total clearance of 187 ml/min were estimated. The terminal half-life of dextran 60 (Macrodex) was 24 h (median). In volunteers with dextran antibodies no anaphylactoid symptoms were observed after Dx 1. In conclusion, the intravenous preinjection of dextran 1, owing to its pharmacokinetic behavior, should prevent antibody-mediated side effects after infusions with clinical dextrans (e.g., Macrodex, Rheomacrodex).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

[Activation of the complement system with clinical dextran (Macrodex 6%) in 10 patients in a cross-over design against 0,9%-NaCl].

The possibility of activation of the complement system with clinical Dextran 60 (500 ml Macrodex 6% infusion) as compaired with 500 ml 0.9% NaCl was investigated within a one week interval in 10 volunteers of both sexes in a cross-over design. Anaphylactoid symptoms, which would indicate a release of biological activities, were not induced by Dextran 60 or 0.9% NaCl. Neither could a change in blood pressure, heart rate, in the whole hemolytic complement activity nor in the leucocyte and thrombocyte count be determined. Therefore, a clinical relevant activation of the complement system in normal persons by Macrodex 6% can not be assumed.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1979

[Antineoplastic effects of violamycins depending on the number of sugar-components in the molecule (author's transl)].

Violamycin B, an antibiotic-complex, inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 in a well defined manner. The products Violamycin A, BII, and BI obtained by gelfiltration, were tested against the lymphoid Leukemia L1210. The results showed an increase of the toxicity and, simultaneously, a decrease of the antineoplastic effect, depending on the number of the sugar-components.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Antineoplastic activity of the anthracycline antibiotic violamycin BI in mice and rats using experimental metastases models (author's transl)].

The report describes the antineoplastic activity of violamycin BI on three rodent tumour systems. The test systems are two syngeneic mouse tumours: a benzo(a)pyrene induced sarcoma and a spontaneously originated mammary carcinoma of the inbred strain XVII/Berlin. Both tumours grow in ascitic form and were weekly passaged by i.p. administrations. A third system is a dimethylhydrazine induced rectum carcinoma of the Wistar rat. This rat tumour represents a slowly growing system transplanted by s.c. administrations of tumour fragments. The principle of the screening consists of the evaluation of metastatic parameters, e.g. weight, number and growth rate of metastases, experimentally induced by i.v. administrations of tumour cell suspensions. Under the given experimental conditions violamycin BI represents an antineoplastic antibiotikum with a good effectivity which is superior to the effectivity of the reference antibiotic daunorubicin.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1978

[Long-term study with the novel cardiac glycoside meproscillarin (author's transl)].

In a multicentre open therapeutic study 64 physicians provided 650 questionnaires of patients who had been treated with the new cardiac glycoside 14-Hydroxy-3beta-[(4-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)oxy]-14beta-bufa-4,20,22-trienolide (meproscillarin, Clift) for more than 3 months; 647 questionnaires had been filled in completely and could be evaluated. The major part of all patients suffering from heart failure of the severity degrees I--III required 2 tablets of 0.25 mg, a smaller part 3 tablets to achieve complete recompensation and/or maintenance of compensation, which was possible in 79% of all cases. The rate of side effects corresponded to that of other cardiac glycosides.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Blood sugar in patients with vegetativ dysfunction and neurotic tendencies (author's transl)].

There are multiple relations between neurotic abnormal behavior and the incidence of functional vegetativ disorders and there are also correlations between such dysfunctions and blood sugar homoiostasis. In patients with functional vegetative dysorders and neurotic behavior we performed a glucose tolerance test and compared the results to a control group. In the group of patients with vegetative dysfunction and neurotic tendencies the oral glucose tolerance test was abnormal in 68.4 p.c. as compared to 21.3 p.c. in the control group. Several insulin antagonists which play a role in stress responses are discussed in the interpretation of these surprising results.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1977

[Acute gastro-intestinal hemorrhage from a duodenal ulcer during labour and delivery (author's transl)].

A 38 year old gravida 3, para 3, was delivered by Caesarean Section because of acute gastro-intestinal bleeding and a duodenal ulcer was treated by hemostatic sutures at the same time. An elective gastrectomy was performed twelve months later. Severe gastro-intestinal hemorrhage during labour and delivery is rare. There are no hard rules for the timing of early diagnostic localization and identification of the source of the bleeding and for the choice of timing of a surgical procedure. This problem is more difficult when the source of the bleedings is rare and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are hampered by concomitant conditions such as the overriding considerations for the maternal and fetal welfare in our case.

Adult↗