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Biomedical subjects

W Klein

Publications and source records attributed to W Klein.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Elimination pattern and biodistribution of [14C]chlorferron in rats.

Administration of [14C]chlorferron in a single oral dose of 0.5 and 20 mg/kg body weight to female rats resulted in a urinary excretion of greater than 74% of the given dose during the first 24 h. Approx. 8% of the dose was eliminated in faeces within 7 days. 7 days after dosing, very low levels of [14C]chlorferron-derived residues were detected in all analyzed organs. These findings indicated that chlorferron was absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract in appreciable quantities, but was rapidly excreted mainly via the urine with small amounts only in the faeces.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Metabolism of beta-hexachlorocyclohexane-14C in rats following low dosing in the daily diet.

beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane-14C (1.5 ppm) was administered in the diet to rats for one week. During the elimination phase three therapeutic agents were fed to enhance the clearance. Renal and fecal excreted radioactive products were collected for 8 weeks and extracted. Although significant differences in the total excreted amount of radioactivity were registered between controls and treated rats, there were no quantitative differences in the extractability of the excreta and no differences in the chemical nature of metabolites found. Radioactivity in urine consisted to 100% of conversion products, about 30% of which were unextractable residues. In the organic soluble fraction the 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was the major metabolite in urine and the only metabolite detected in feces. Minor conversion products of beta-HCH in urine were a trichlorohydroxyme-thoxybenzene, a dichlorophenol and a trace of a tetrachlorocyclohexane-isomer.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Fate of 14C-allylalcohol herbicide in soils and crop residues.

Residue disappearance and leaching of 14C-allylalcohol from different soils were studied in laboratory experiments. Additionally, the uptake of residues by lettuce and carrots was investigated in the greenhouse. In laboratory experiments, residue disappearance and leaching from soils was correlated negatively to the organic matter content. In greenhouse experiments with a sandy loam soil at an application rate normally used in practice, an average of 12.5% of the applied radioactivity was recovered after an eight day interval between application and sowing. Furthermore, an average of 8% (sum in soil and plants) of the applied radioactivity was recovered after lettuce or carrot growing. Uptake of residues was higher by carrots than by lettuce, and higher by lettuce roots than by lettuce tops. No bioaccumulation was observed. The residues in soils and plants were, to a high percent-age, unextractable and, to a smaller extent, fully water-soluble products. Unchanged allylalcohol could not be detected by the analytical methods used.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1981

[Experiences with transluminal angioplasty in critical coronary artery stenosis (author's transl)].

In this study the first results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (TAP) at the university hospital of Graz, Department of internal Medicine, are presented. Out of 19 attempts in 18 patients (one with two vessel-disease) 15 were angiographically successful (79%). In three cases the stenosis could not be passed, in one patient with previous non transmural anterior infarction the vessel was nearly occluded after the procedure. Serum CK-levels of this patient increased up to the fourfold on the following day; however, no clinical or electrocardiographic features or reinfarction occurred. In the majority of patients the dilatation of the obstruction was accompanied by a diminuation of the gradient across the stenosis and followed by a significant clinical improvement, increase in exercise tolerance (64% of cases) and the degree of 201Tl-redistribution as a sign of disappearance of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia was normalized in 6 of 8 patients (75%). No serious complications were noted in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Outpatient arthroscopy under local anesthesia.

Arthroscopy under general anesthesia is carried out today by many orthopedic surgeons. Endoscopy of joints under general anesthetic conditions seems to be too much effort for diagnostic purposes only. These reflections gave reason to perform arthroscopy as an outpatient examination under local anesthesia. From 1977 to 1979, 160 outpatient arthroscopies have been carried out at the University Hospital of Orthopedic Surgery in Düsseldorf. Preparation, technique, complications, and problems of this procedure are discussed.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1980

Glucose metabolism of human mononuclear cell subpopulations.

Previous studies have demonstrated metabolic dysfunction in the mononuclear cells of some children with abnormal cell-mediated immunity. Interpretation of these observations has been complicated by the extreme heterogeneity of cell types examined. The glycolytic metabolism of relatively enriched T-cells, non-T mononuclear cells (NTM), non-T lymphocytes (NTL), and monocytes was studied in an attempt to measure the metabolism of subpopulations of mononuclear cells. Lactate production by monocytes was 11 times greater than that of T-cells and 2 1/2 times greater than that of non-T lymphocytes. Exposure to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated glycolytic metabolism in T-cells but did not stimulate glucose utilization or lactate production in NTM. Even when T-cells were maximally stimulated by PHA, their observed metabolism was still lower than that of NTL. The ATP content of T lymphocytes and NTL was similar and was constant under the conditions of incubation. The initial ATP content of monocytes was higher than that of lymphocytes, and diminished during incubation. Tricarboxylic acid cycle activity did not contribute significantly to ATP synthesis in any of the mononuclear cell subpopulations, under the conditions of incubation used in this study. Significant hexose monophosphate shunt activity was observed in all mononuclear cell types. These studies demonstrate major metabolic differences between mononuclear cell subtypes. Any correlation of metabolic observation with clinical dysfunction of mononuclear cells requires the study of relatively pure cell populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Modern treatment of hypertension in older patients (author's transl)].

In aged people a differentiation has to be made between "arteriosklerotic hypertension" due to increased stiffness of the aorta and true hypertension in older patients. The therapy of hypertension in older patients principally is the same as in younger individuals; however, blood pressure should be lowered slowly with the respect to concomitant diseases of the kidney, coronary arteriosclerosis and heart failure. Usually, in older patients there long-standing hypertension with increased peripheral resistance and low cardiac output. Therefore, a diuretic or vasodilating agent may be the drug of first choice. Betablockers are not generally contraindicated, but given with caution. The same is true for ganglionblocking agents. In a large number of cases salt restriction and general measures will lead to a suitable blood pressure control.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of nitroglycerine on haemodynamics and on catecholamine metabolism in patients with congestive left heart failure (author's transl)].

In 17 patients with severe chronic left heart failure 0.8 resp. 1.6 mg of nitroglycerine led to a marked decrease of LVEDP or PADP and a shift of left ventricular function to the left, indicating reduced preload. Cardiac output and exercise performance, were not improved. However, during exercise, nitroglycerine diminishes myocardial noradrenalin release, due to reduced sympathetic stimulation of the heart. This may be of importance in patients with chronic heart failure due to coronary artery disease, since reduction of sympathetic stimulation means a reduction of myocardial oxygen consumption.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1980

[The influence of radio- and chemotherapy on DNA repair of peripheral lymphocytes of tumor patients (author's transl)].

The influence of radiotherapy in 10 patients and chemotherapy in 5 patients, on DNA excision repair capacity was investigated in lymphocytes of the peripheral blood. No effects on DNA repair were found using only betatrone of 60Co-irradiation under normal conditions. Combination of both irradiation schedules over a longer period of therapy provoked an inhibition of DNA repair. Chemotherapy inhibits DNA repair immediately after starting therapy, but after a relatively short time, the extent of DNA repair increases above normal level.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of diabetic patients with insulin resistance and allergy using des-phe-insulin (author's transl)].

Eleven patients were treated with pure porcine des-phe-insulin (Insulin 02S Hoechst). In seven patients insulin 02S was used because of high insulin requirements. Three cases were treated successfully, one case moderately successfully, there was no success in two cases and in one case the result remains to be seen. In more than half of the patients a considerable decrease of insulin requirement could thus be achieved. Four patients received insulin 02S because of allergy. Success was evident in three cases and at least probable in the fourth case. Results up to now showing less immunogenicity and antigenicity of des-phe-insulin seem to be confirmed clinically.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Progress in the therapy of acute and chronic cardiac insufficiency by means of systemic vasodilators. Studies with prazosin and nitroglycerin].

In acute and chronic left heart failure peripheral resistance is elevated due to increased sympathetic tone. This should compensate the decrease in stroke volume. In the diseased left ventricle however the augmentation of afterload leads to further reduction of stroke volume and to increase of heart size and myocardial oxygen consumption. This vitious cycle may be interrupted by vasodilators. Drugs like nitroglycerin, mainly acting on the venous system, reduce preload and thereby relieve symptoms of pulmonary congestion (backward failure). Phentholamin on the other hand primarily reduces afterload by an action on the resistance vessels and thereby increases cardiac output (forward failure). Nitroprusside has effects on both, the capacity and resistance vessels. So nigroglycerin is the remedy of choice in acute pulmonary edema. Nitroprusside in leftf heart failure in acute myocardial infarction and Phentolamin in acute left ventricular failure due to critical rise in blood pressure. For long term treatment of chronic left heart failure (coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease) hydralazin or prazosin may be used as well as long acting nitrates.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1979

["Plica disease" (synovial folds) of the knee-joint: arthroscopic and histological findings, with suggestions for treatment (author's transl)].

A mediopatellar plica (synovial fold) of the knee-joint may develop without recognisable cause in adolescents or young adults, predominantly females. It leads to pain on pressure over the medial knee compartment, sudden or "springing" intraarticular movements and pseudolocking of the joint. Similar plicae occur after traumatic joint contusion, with meniscus disease, or more rarely with arthrosis deformans. Histologically they are characterized by band-like fibrosed evaginations of the synovial membrane and of the synovial fat and connective tissue into the joint spaces. The following therapeutic suggestions, based on the personal experience of 15 cases, are made in the knowledge that significant inflammatory or proliferative arthritic changes can be excluded: the plica can be cut through under arthroscopy; chondromalacial defects, directly or indirectly caused by plical rubbing, of the medial femoral condyle and the medial patella can be removed, also under arthroscopic control, with an electric razor. Arthrotomy is no longer needed in most cases.

Adolescent↗