Renal infarction in a patient with von Willebrand disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
W Kim
Publications and source records attributed to W Kim.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of ribosome recycling factor from Escherichia coli.
Ribosome recycling factor (RRF) catalyzes the disassembly of a termination complex during the final stage of protein synthesis. RRF from Escherichia coli has been crystallized with PEG 400 as precipitant at 287 K. The crystal belongs to the trigonal space group P3(1)21 (or P3(2)21), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 48.08, c = 141.67 A. Native data were collected from a frozen crystal to a resolution of 3.0 A on a Cu Kalpha rotating-anode X-ray source.
Bacterial Proteins↗
Assignment of the kinesin family member 4 genes (KIF4A and KIF4B) to human chromosome bands Xq13.1 and 5q33.1 by in situ hybridization.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5↗
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism in patients with IgA nephropathy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Differential changes of CDK activities in glomeruli and tubules during the active DNA synthetic period after ischemic injury.
The present study was designed to determine the spatial correlation among extent of DNA synthetic activity, expressions of G(1)/S phase cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and CIP/KIP family of CDK inhibitors (CKIs), and activities of G(1)/S phase CDKs in glomeruli and outer medullae of kidneys during the active regeneration period after ischemic injury. DNA synthetic activity was measured using [(3)H]-thymidine autoradiogram in the kidney sections. Cyclin, CDK, and CKI proteins were determined by Western blot analysis. CDK activities were determined by phosphorylation amount using specific substrate. The protein levels of cyclins (D1, D3, E, A) and activities of CDK4 and CDK2 were increased concomitant with the induction of DNA synthetic activity in outer medullae, but not in glomeruli, in adult kidneys during DNA synthetic period after ischemic injury. The p27(KIP1) protein, but not the p21(CIP1) protein, increased equally in total kidney, glomeruli, and outer medullae after ischemic injury. These results indicate that renal tubules have an active cyclin/CDK system, while glomeruli, do not have a cyclin/CDK system during active regeneration of kidneys after ischemic injury.
Animals↗
Oxygen supplementation and cardiac-autonomic modulation in COPD.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Patients with COPD have an increased sympathetic modulation and reduced baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Therefore, we studied the effects of breathing 31% supplemental oxygen (SuppO(2)) on autonomic modulation in a group of COPD patients. DESIGN: We measured autonomic modulation before and during the administration of SuppO(2) on 51 patients with COPD using time-frequency analysis of R-R intervals and BP before and after intervention. This was done via a counterbalanced crossover design. The BRS index was determined using the sequence method. RESULTS: Significant differences were seen in oxygen saturation levels following breathing with SuppO(2) ([mean +/- SD] 96.4+/-1.5%) when compared to those seen after breathing with compressed air (CA) (92.8+/-2.9%; p<0.0001). Significant increases were seen in the natural log-transformed high-frequency modulation (HFln) (SuppO(2), 10.8+/-1.3 natural logarithm [ln] ms(2)/Hz; CA, 10.6+/-1.3 ln ms(2)/Hz; p<0.028) and BRS (SuppO(2), 3.3+/-2.2 ms/mm Hg; CA, 2.8+/-1.8 ms/mm Hg) following the supplemental oxygen treatment (p<0.015). The low-frequency/high-frequency ratio of heart rate variability revealed significant differences between the two treatments (SuppO(2), 2.7 +/-1.2; CA, 3.1+/-1.3; p<0.008). The analysis of BP variability data revealed significant decreases in the HFln (CA, 6.9+/-1.0 mm Hg(2)/Hz; SuppO(2), 6.5+/-1.2 mm Hg(2)/Hz; p<0.0001). Hemodynamic data also revealed a decrease in mean heart rate after breathing SuppO(2) compared with that after breathing CA (CA, 87.3+/-13.3 beats/min; SuppO(2), 85.0+/-12.4 beats/min; p<0.0004). The arterial pulse pressure significantly decreased when breathing SuppO(2) compared with that when breathing CA (CA, 57.2+/-13.5 mm Hg; SuppO(2), 53.3+/-13.0 mm Hg; p<0.0023). CONCLUSION: Oxygen supplementation in COPD patients significantly and favorably alters autonomic modulation.
Autonomic Nervous System↗
Expression of progesterone receptor in human keratinocytes.
Despite the various responses of human skin to female sex hormones, cellular and subcellular targets and the mechanisms of action of estrogen and progesterone in human skin are not well understood. The detection of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the skin is of great importance to understand the effect of estrogen and progesterone. In primary cultures of human keratinocytes, expression of ER and PR was monitored by immunocytochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Paraffin embedded skin tissues were stained with monoclonal antibodies to human ER and PR by immunohistochemistry. Cultured human keratinocytes expressed cytoplasmic PR protein and PR mRNA transcripts. By contrast, ER was detected only at the mRNA level. Suprabasal keratinocytes from samples of pruritic urticarial papules, plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) and psoriasis were stained positively only for PR, while those from samples of erythema nodosum were negative for both ER and PR. Lesional epidermis of PUPPP showed positive PR immunoreactivity, while nonlesional epidermis did not. No other cells in the normal human skin were stained with ER and PR. The present study suggests that by expressing PR human keratinocytes act as targets for progesterone action.
Adolescent↗
Assignments of the tyrosinase related protein-1 and -2 genes to human chromosome bands 9p23 and 13q32.1 by in situ hybridization.
To determine the precise chromosomal localization of tyrosine related protein-1 and -2 (TRP-1 and TRP-2) genes by fluorescence in situ hybridization, we used DNAs isolated from human bacterial artificial chromosome clones. They contain genomic sequences with approximately 120 kb inserts for TRP-1 and TRP-2. The TRP-1 and TRP-2 genes were assigned to human chromosome bands 9p23 and 13q32.1, respectively. These results confirmed the previously mapped location for the TRP-1 gene and more precisely located the TRP-2 gene, which had previously been mapped to chromosome 13q31-q32.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13↗
Isolation of rice allergenic cDNA clones from a rice cDNA library by immunoscreening with a polyclonal antibody specific to 16 kD rice allergenic protein.
Clinical cases of type-1 hypersensitive reaction to rice (Oryza sativa) have been reported in western countries as well as in Japan. Among rice proteins, 14-16 kD globulin proteins encoded by multiple gene family have been identified as major rice allergens. In this study, a rice cDNA library was constructed using lambda UniZap vector and screened with a rat anti-16 kD globulin protein polyclonal antibody in order to isolate Korean rice allergenic cDNA clones. Five independent cDNA clones, termed RAK1-5, were obtained after second rounds of plaque assay and immunoblot analysis. These clones encoded 13-19 kD recombinant proteins upon IPTG induction, which were identified by the polyclonal antibody in immunoblot analysis. DNA sequencing analysis showed that RAK1-4 have 99% sequence homology with RA5b, and RAK5 is closely related with RA14c. This result indicated that RA5b gene is widely distributed in our cDNA library among other possible rice allergenic genes, and more study is needed to isolate heterogeneous or novel rice allergen genes.
Allergens↗
An element with palindromic structure is required for the expression of TBP (TATA box-binding protein) gene in Drosophila melanogaster.
Previously we showed that the 5'-flanking regions between -261 and -207 of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP (TATA box binding protein) gene is important for its expression. We further made serial deletion mutants in this region and analyzed their promoter activities using the transient transfection assay. We found that the 16 bp deletion from -261 to -245 greatly reduces the promoter activity of the Drosophila TBP gene. The 16 bp DNA element contains half of a 11 bp long palindromic sequence, CTTTT-GAAAAG. Disruption of the palindromic sequence by site-directed mutagenesis severely affected promoter activity. In addition, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the oligonucleotide containing the palindromic sequence can make specific DNA/protein complexes when it was mixed with the Drosophila nuclear extract, suggesting that it interacts with nuclear protein(s). Our data suggest that the palindromic sequence has a critical role in the expression of the Drosophila TBP gene.
Animals↗
Identification of a full-size hobo element and deletion-derivatives in Korean populations of Drosophila melanogaster.
We have isolated and characterized several members of the hobo transposable element family from Korean populations of Drosophila melanogaster. All of the Korean lines tested appeared to have 3.0 kb hobo elements and a high copy number of smaller derivatives of the element. To determine whether a 3.0 kb hobo element of these populations is consistent with the role of an autonomous hobo element, we cloned and sequenced this hobo element. Based on the result of the entire DNA sequence, a cloned 3.0 kb element called HKN96, it was found to be the same as a fully-functional 2959 bp HFL1-type sequence. Each small element appeared to have arisen from the HFL1 element by a different internal deletion. A specific 1.7 kb Kh hobo element, which is the most abundant in the Korean lines tested, seems to have originated from the HFL1 hobo element by an internal deletion of 1253 bp by the removal of nucleotides between positions 939 and 2191. The sequences of the Th1 and Th2 elements appeared to be identical to that of the HFL1 with the exception of internal deletions of 1442 bp and 1455 bp removing nucleotides 940-2381 and 923-2377, respectively. Based on the number of TPE repeats, all of the members of the hobo element family in Korean lines tested have three perfect S repeats. The widespread presence of identical copies of the Kh deletion derivative suggests that it might have a role in the regulation of hobo-induced hybrid dysgenesis.
Animals↗
Putative secondary structures of unusually long strepsipteran SSU rRNAs and its phylogenetic implications.
We constructed the putative secondary structures of the small subunit rRNAs (SSU rRNA) from three strepsipteran insects. The primary sequences of the strepsipteran SSU rRNAs are unusually long due to unique and long insertions. In spite of these insertions, the basic shapes of their secondary structures are well maintained as shown in those of other eukaryotes, because these insertions appear mainly in the variable regions. The secondary structures for the V1, V3, V5, V8, and V9 regions are well conserved, even though the primary structures of V1, V5, and V8 regions are quite variable. However, the predicted secondary structures for the V2, V4, and V7 regions are quite different from those of other insects. In the V4 and V7 regions, helices specific to the Strepsiptera exist. These helices have not been reported in other organisms so far. Similarly, four eukaryotic specific helices (E8-1, E10-2, E23-4 and E45-1) not reported in insects exist in the V2, V4, and V8 regions. These helices are formed by the inserted sequences. The secondary structures of the expanded segments of the strepsipteran SSU rRNA were applied to infer the phylogenetic position of Strepsiptera, one of the most enigmatic problems in insect phylogeny. Only the secondary structure of the V7 region showed the weak Strepsiptera/Diptera sister-group relationship.
Animals↗
Analysis of the primary sequence and secondary structure of the unusually long SSU rRNA of the soil bug, Armadillidium vulgare.
The complete nucleotide sequence of the SSU rRNA gene from the soil bug, Armadillidium vulgare (Crustacea, Isopoda), was determined. It is 3214 bp long, with a GC content of 56.3%. It is not only the longest SSU rRNA gene among Crustacea but also longer than any other SSU rRNA gene except that of the strepsipteran insect, Xenos vesparum (3316 bp). The unusually long sequence of this species is explained by the long sequences of variable regions V4 and V7, which make up more than half of the total length. RT-PCR analysis of these two regions showed that the long sequences also exist in the mature rRNA and sequence simplicity analysis revealed the presence of slippage motifs in these two regions. The putative secondary structure of the rRNA is typical for eukaryotes except for the length and shape variations of the V2, V4, V7, and V9 regions. Each of the V2, V4, and V7 regions was elongated, while the V9 region was shortened. In V2, two bulges, located between helix 8 and helix 9 and between helix 9 and helix 10, were elongated. In V4, stem E23-3 was dramatically expanded, with several small branched stems. In V7, stem 43 was branched and expanded. Comparisons with the unusually long SSU rRNAs of other organisms imply that the increase in total length of SSU rRNA is due mainly to expansion in the V4 and V7 regions.
Animals↗
Ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer of the swimming crab, Charybdis japonica.
We have determined the full sequence of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer (IGS) of the swimming crab, Charybdis japonica, by long PCR for the first time in crustacean decapods. The IGS is 5376 bp long and contains two nonrepetitive regions separated by one long repetitive region, which is composed mainly of four subrepeats (subrepeats I, II, III, and IV). Subrepeat I contains nine copies of a 60-bp repeat unit, in which two similar repeat types (60 bp-a and 60 bp-b) occur alternatively. Subrepeat II consists of nine successive repeat units with a consensus sequence length of 142 bp. Subrepeat III consists of seven copies of another 60-bp repeat unit (60 bp-c) whose sequence is complementary to that of subrepeat I. Immediately downstream of subrepeat III is subrepeat IV, consisting of three copies of a 391-bp repeat unit. Based on comparative analysis among the subrepeats and repeat units, a possible evolutionary process responsible for the formation of the repetitive region is inferred, which involves the duplication of a 60-bp subrepeat unit (60 bp-c) as a prototype.
Animals↗
Gene-polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzyme and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in patients with erectile dysfunction.
AIMS OF THE STUDY: Regulation of the penile smooth muscle tone and contractility is closely related to the activity of vasoactive substances, angiotensin II or nitric oxide. We investigated the relationship between gene polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) and development of erectile dysfunction. METHODS: In 84 subjects with organic erectile dysfunction and 63 control subjects, gene polymorphisms in the ACE and ecNOS were determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The DD genotype of ACE was significantly (P < 0.01) more frequent in subjects with organic erectile dysfunction (54%) than in control subjects (24%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the genotypes of ecNOS. CONCLUSION: The deletion polymorphism in the ACE gene, the DD genotype, as a marker of general vascular disease, may be seen more frequently in men with a diagnosis of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction.
Adult↗
Functional complementation of yeast vma1 delta cells by a plant subunit A homolog rescues the mutant phenotype and partially restores vacuolar H(+)-ATPase activity.
The ability of a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) subunit homolog (subunit A) from plants to rescue the vma mutant phenotype of yeast was investigated as a first step towards investigating the structure and function of plant subunits in molecular detail. Heterologous expression of cotton cDNAs encoding near-identical isoforms of subunit A in mutant vma1 delta yeast cells successfully rescued the mutant vma phenotype, indicating that subunit A of plants and yeast have retained elements essential to V-ATPases during the course of evolution. Although vacuoles become acidified, the plant-yeast hybrid holoenzyme only partially restored V-ATPase activity (approximately 60%) in mutant yeast cells. Domain substitution of divergent N- or C-termini only slightly enhanced V-ATPase activity, whereas swapping both domains acted synergistically, increasing coupled ATP hydrolysis and proton translocation by approximately 22% relative to the native plant subunit. Immunoblot analysis indicated that similar amounts of yeast, plant or plant-yeast chimeric subunits are membrane-bound. These results suggest that subunit A terminal domains contain structural information that impact V-ATPase structure and function.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Panax ginseng protects the testis against 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induced testicular damage in guinea pigs.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate histopathologically the beneficial effects of Panax ginseng extract on guinea pig testes damaged by 2,3, 7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety guinea pigs were divided into six equal groups. The normal controls (group 1) received vehicle and saline; group 2 received TCDD (1 microgram/kg) intraperitoneally; group 3 and 4 received 100 or 200 mg/kg per day of Panax ginseng water extract (PG-WE) intraperitoneally for 28 days from 1 week before TCDD injection; groups 5 and 6 received PG-WE for 14 days from 1 week after TCDD treatment. RESULTS: The gain in body weight was less in groups treated with TCDD than in controls. Moreover, the body weight of group 2 decreased from 14 days after TCDD exposure, while that of groups 3 and 4 increased; there was no decrease in body weight in groups 3-6. The decrease in testicular weight caused by TCDD was prevented by PG-WE. Light microscopy showed smaller tubules and late maturation arrest in group 2; electron microscopy showed a dissolution of the germinal epithelium, disrupted tight junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells, and altered germ cells at all developmental stages. The maturation arrest in germ cells caused by TCDD was ameliorated in groups 3-6. The testes almost completely recovered in groups 3 and 4 and there was some therapeutic effect of PG-WE in groups 5 and 6. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the protective and therapeutic effects of Panax ginseng on atrophy and testicular damage induced by TCDD, providing evidence that ginseng might be a useful agent in preventing and treating testicular damage induced by environmental pollutants.
Animals↗
Characterization of antithrombotic activity of lumbrokinase-immobilized polyurethane valves in the total artificial heart.
Thirty ng/mm2 lumbrokinase, a potent fibrinolytic enzyme, was immobilized in a Korean type total artificial heart (KORTAH) valve by photoreaction; polyallylamine was used as a photoreactive linker. Lumbrokinase-immobilized polyurethane valves were then fitted to the total artificial hearts of 3 healthy 50 kg lambs. In the control lamb, the valves were untreated; in one other, only valves on the right were treated; and in the remaining animal, only those on the left. Implants were in place for up to 3 days, and cardiac output was 5 L/min. To facilitate thrombus formation, low doses of heparin were administered. In the control lamb, thrombi was observed only in the inlet parts of the valves. In the other 2 experiments, thrombi formed in untreated control valves but not in lumbrokinase treated valves. The grade of thrombus formation in untreated valves was 1.06+/-1.37 versus 0+/-0 in the treated part by one-sided Student's t-test (p < 0.1). After implantation, fibrinolytic activity was only observed in treated valves by fibrin plate methods. The proteolytic activity of the treated valves was 3 times higher than that of untreated valves using the azocasein method. These data show that lumbrokinase treated polyurethane valves lead to decreased thrombus formation in vivo and that their biocompatibility is therefore greater than that of untreated valves.
Animals↗