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Biomedical subjects

W Khan

Publications and source records attributed to W Khan.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid levels in meningitis.

Measurement of cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid by gas liquid chromatography and by an enzymatic Monotest lactate test was evaluated for the early detection of bacterial meningitis in 396 patients. Spinal fluid specimens from 62/62 patients with a bacterial or mycoplasma etiology yielded lactate levels greater than the upper limits of normal, whereas specimens from 334 patients with no bacterial involvement gave values within the normal range. The duration of elevated CSF lactate values coincided with the clinical response to therapy. When considered along with the history and physical examination of the patient, determination of lactic acid proved to be a rapid and reliable diagnostic test for the early detection of untreated as well as partially treated pyogenic meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The cephalosporin antibiotics in pediatric practice.

The efficacy of the cephalosporins against gram-positive cocci and some of the gram-negative bacilli together with their relative safety make this family of antibiotics potentially useful in treating pediatric infections, particularly in instances of penicillin hypersensitivity. Newer cephalosporins have broadened the antimicrobial spectral range and may offset some of the previous drawbacks to their use in children. Of potential interest to the pediatrician is the highly active inhibitory effect against Hemophilus influenzae by cefamandole, one of the newer cephalosporin congeners.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

In vitro inhibition of human peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation by an extract of Pseudomonas putida.

An extract prepared from a psychrophilic strain of Pseudomonas putida was found to cause a dose-dependent inhibition of [H3]TdR incorporation into human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with PHA, ConA, PWM, or in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. The inhibition was found not to be the result of cytotoxicity, culture medium depletion of a component necessary for lymphocyte transformation, or interference with label uptake by blast lymphocytes. The extract was most effective when added prior to 48 h of mitogen stimulation. The inhibitory material was photeolytic enzyme degradable, heat-stable and non-dialyzable.

Cell Extracts↗
PubMed1976

An outbreak of Hemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in an enclosed hospital population.

Five cases of HITB maningitis occurred within six months in an enclosed population of 28 to 32 chronically ill children. Studies of nasopharyngeal carriage and serum HITB anticapsular antibodies were started after the third case occurred. Two patients had low (less than 0.04 and 0.05mug/ml) antibodies and were not carriers when studied prior to onset of their disease. The carriage rate was approximately 20% among the children. Carriage was usually prolonged, and acquisition was not prevented by high antibody levels. Attempts to arrest this outbreak with type b polysaccharide immunization and ampicillin therapy are discussed in the context of HITB meningitis as a contagious disease.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1975

Limulus lysate test for gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Bedside application.

The limulus lysate on cerebrospinal fluid was evaluated in 335 infants and children as a method for the rapid diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Positive limulus tests were obtained within one hour in 33 of 34 cases of Hemophilus influenzae meningitis; four additional patients with Gram-negative meningitis also showed positive limulus lysate tests. Conversely, 13 patients with Gram-positive bacterial meningitis all yielded negative limulus assays. All 48 cases of aseptic meningitis and 236 children with no meningitis showed negative limulus assays. Antibiotic therapy prior to hospitalization did not vitiate the validity of the test. A bedside adaptation of the limulus test, performed by house officers and medical students, showed approximately 98% agreement with the laboratory assay.

Arachnida↗
PubMed1974

Cell culture studies on the antiviral activity of ether derivatives of 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine.

The antiviral activity of several ether derivatives of 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine against the herpesvirus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis was determined in monolayer cultures of secondary bovine fetal kidney cells. 5-Methoxy-methyldeoxyuridine (OCH(3)UdR) was found to be markedly inhibitory against this virus. Pretreatment of the cells with OCH(3)UdR, simultaneous addition of OCH(3)UdR with virus to the cells, and postinfection treatment with OCH(3)UdR were found to be effective in inhibiting virus-induced cytopathogenic effect. Against this virus, OCH(3)UdR was found to be as potent as 5-iododeoxyuridine and cytosine arabinoside. The alpha-anomer of OCH(3)UdR did not show antiviral activity. Preliminarly toxicity studies indicate that OCH(3)UdR has a very low acute toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features as diagnostic guides in obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may induce psychiatric problems, but clinical risk factors do not reliably predict laboratory-verified OSA. Therefore, OSA diagnosis requires laboratory sleep monitoring. To find additional clinical features that would sharpen indications for sleep monitoring, we applied univariate analyses to clinical data for 137 OSA patients seen in a psychiatry sleep clinic. A symptomatology questionnaire was obtained from 101 of these patients: 71 had morning and 86 had afternoon vigilance tests, and all had upper-airway evaluation and polysomnography. Cigarette consumption but no other clinical features differed among OSA severity groups and total sleep period groups; upper-airway findings differed among vigilance groups. Multidiscriminant clinical predictor terms categorized several patients with severe OSA into less severe OSA categories. Clinical features did not accurately predict OSA. OSA will continue to be identified primarily by sleep laboratory testing. A two-phase laboratory routine, reserving full laboratory testing for patients with negative results on initial, less expensive screening tests, might conserve resources.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of otitis media secondary to ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae.

Between August 1977 and January 1979, 16 children (7 males and 9 females) ranging in age from 5 to 38 months (mean age 18 months) were treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (40 mg/kg SMX per 24 hours) for otitis media caused by beta-lactamase strains of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae. Fourteen patients had failed after antecedent ten-day courses of ampicillin (9 patients) or amoxicillin (5 patients) therapy. The remaining two patients received only five days of ampicillin before changing to TMP-SMX. Six of the isolates were nontypable, 3 were type B, 5 isolates were Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and 2 strains were unavailable for typing. Of 13 strains tested, 10 had a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in excess of 3.12 microgram/ml of ampicillin; the remaining 3 had an MIC of < 3.12 microgram/ml. All 13 isolates were susceptible to 0.19 microgram/ml TMP-SMX. Five of 16 children were symptomatic (irritable; fever of > 38.2 C); within three days of starting TMP-SMX treatment, they became asymptomatic. Fifteen of 16 patients (93%) responded favorably after ten days of TMP-SMX. Only one patient had H influenzae resistant to ampicillin (12.5 microgram/ml) and sensitive to TMP-SMX (0.19 microgram/ml) isolated from the middle ear at the end of ten days of TMP-SMX. At the end of TMP-SMX therapy, middle ear effusions were noted in ten patients; the fluid was sterile in the four patients who had a second tympanocentesis. There were two recurrences within one month of TMP-SMX therapy. No adverse clinical reactions were noted.

Ampicillin↗