Biomedical subjects

W Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to W Kaiser.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

[New viewpoints on the therapy and prevention of renal osteopathy].

Dihydrotachysterol which was developed already 50 years ago is above all used in the substitution therapy of hypoparathyroidism. Its parathyreomimetic effectivity has led to an enlargement of the spectrum of indication during the last years; it allows the prophylactic use of dihydrotachysterol in chronic nephropathy in order to prevent by this means the risk of reactive hyperparathyroidism as well as its sequelae. On the basis of own experimental results the pathophysiologic prerequisites of this new form of treatment are discussed.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1977

[Various technical diagnosis problems in the early diagnosis of parathyroid dysfunctions].

During the last years the functional diagnostics of the parathyroid glands has been considerably enlarged. Nevertheless, the results concerning an early recognition of conditions of hypofunction and hyperfunction are up to now unsatisfying. Despite of the increasing diagnostic importance of the direct determination of the parathormone which is at first available only in special institutions in these cases methodical problems play a less important part than the still not infrequent appearing misunderstanding of the adequate basic disease. The without doubt great variability of the clinical phenomenology of the parathyreogenic dysfunctions is particularly to be established in their initial stages. The demonstrated processes of investigation apart from the description of complexes of diagnostic problems summarize the experiences of many years of a treatment of outpatients directed to the forms of disturbances of the parathyroid glands.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1977

The effect of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate on O2 evolution and on the levels of ATP, ADP and Pi in isolated intact chloroplasts.

Addition of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (2.5 mM) or 3-phosphoglycerate (2.5 mM) to a suspension of isolated intact chloroplasts, which contains Pi only in low concentrations (0.2 mM) leads to a competitive inhibition of Pi uptake in the light. In consequence, the ATP/ADP ratio is strongly decreased. The rate of O2 evolution is also reduced under these conditions, but the degree of inhibition is much higher after addition of dihydroxyacetone phosphate than after addition of 3-phosphoglycerate. Therefore, besides the competitive inhibition of Pi uptake, additional effects of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate on O2 evolution and CO2 fixation of isolated intact chloroplasts must occur, which are discussed.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1977

[Hypo- and hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy].

During pregnancy the maternal calcium metabolism is submitted to special loads. Overchallenging of the functional capacity of the parathyroid gland may evoke an insufficiency of the parathyroid gland which on its part induces a fetal secondary hyperparathyroidism. Therefore, the early diagnostic recognition of the insufficiency of the parathyroid gland is of importance, since (also in basic diseases known before pregnancy) now special therapeutic conditions are given. Maternal hyperparathyroidism leads to fetal hypoprarthyroidism with resulting developmental disturbances; it furthers the tendency to abortions and perinatal mortality. Epidemiological prospective investigations have shown that among the identified cases of oligo- or asymptomatic functional disturbances of the parathyroid glands there are very often women at an age, when they are capable of bearing children. This statement confirms the postule regularly to control serum calcium content during pregnancy. Objectifying the disturbed integrity of the calcium metabolism, therapeutic measures are necessary, the details of which are demonstrated according to own experiences. In such cases the cooperation between the gynaecologist being in charge of the pregnant woman and the internist working in the field of endocrinology is to be wished.

Calcium↗

PubMed1977

Prevention of pulmonary embolism by inferior vena cava filters: results in 62 cases.

The most effective methods of preventing recurrent pulmonary embolism involve interruption of the pathway of emboli through the inferior vena cava. Of the several procedures that interrupt vana caval blood flow, percutaneous implantation of a screen filter is associated with the lowest risk and appears to be as effective as any of the other procedures in preventing recurrent emboli. This article describes the experience with 62 cases of screen filter implantation performed between 1971 and 1975. Pulmonary embolism recurred in 1.6% of the patients, and 10% of the patients developed swelling of the lower extremities that did not exist preoperatively. Inferior vena cava phlebography performed 6 to 24 months postoperatively in 25 patients showed a patent inferior vena cava in 9 patients, partial occlusion of the vana cava in 8 patients, and complete occlusion of the vena cava with extensive collateral veins in 8 patients.

Filtration↗

PubMed1977

Hereditary deficiency of phosphoglycerate kinase: a new variant in erythrocytes and leucocytes, not associated with haemolytic anaemia.

An X-chromosome linked phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency in erythrocytes and leucocytes was discovered in a large German kindred. Seven males of two generations were found to have only 21% of the normal enzyme activity in their erythrocytes, and twelve females of three generations showed various degrees of this defect. The differences in the expression of the deficiency in heterozygote females are explained by the Lyon hypothesis. The deficiency is caused by a variant enzyme, named phosphoglycerate kinase München. Although it differs from the normal enzyme electrophoretically, the two enzymes resemble one another closely in many respects. They have essentially the same Km for the substrates of the backward reaction, identical pH optima and similar rates of thermal inactivation. In contrast to the nine previously described phosphoglycerate kinase deficiencies, all of which are associated with haemolytic anaemia, the carriers of phosphoglycerate kinase München show no overt clinical symptoms. The erythrocyte concentrations of adenine nucleotides and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate are normal.

Adenine Nucleotides↗

PubMed1977