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Biomedical subjects

W Jao

Publications and source records attributed to W Jao.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of the basal cell adenoma of parotid gland.

Electron microscopic examination of two classical examples of so-called basal cell adenoma of parotid gland disclosed four distinct cellular types: the squamous epithelial cells with tonofilaments and prominent desmosomes predominantly located at the central portion of neoplastic mass; the basally located secretory cells with numerous secretory granules; the occasional intermediate cells with scanty cytoplasmic microfilaments; and the peripherally situated attenuated myoepithelial cells. The neoplastic clusters are surrounded by highly replicated basal laminae with microfibrils in their interstices. This information about its component cells suggests that basal cell adenoma arises from the secretory duct, in particular the intercalated duct, of the parotid gland. The term basal cell adenoma appears appropriate for its designation. It is interesting that the secretory cells and the multilayered basal laminae illustrated in the present study are reportedly seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland; this finding would suggest a common cellular origin for these two neoplasms.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Comparative ultrastructure of tubular carcinoma and sclerosing adenosis of the breast.

The innocuous histologic appearance of tubular carcinoma of the breast and its superficial histologic resemblance to sclerosing adenosis will occasionally present diagnostic problems. A comparative ultrastructural analysis of two tubular carcinomas and three cases of sclerosing adenosis was made that showed definite differences in the pattern of myoepithelial cell differentiation and basal lamina deposition in these two entities. Prominent myoepithelial cells and basal lamina reduplication were both conspicuous features of sclerosing adenosis that appeared to be absent in tubular carcinoma. Intracytoplasmic "pseudocysts" were frequently found in sclerosing adenosis, but not in tubular carcinoma. Conversely, intracytoplasmic lumina and incomplete tubular structures were present in tubular carcinoma and seemingly absent in sclerosing adenosis. Such basic ultrastructural differences may help to differentiate these two mammary lesions when diagnostic problems occur at the conventional light microscopic level.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructure of anaplastic (spindle and giant cell) carcinoma of the thyroid.

Three anaplastic (spindle and giant cell) carcinomas of the thyroid were studied by light and electron microscopy; two of the tumors also included foci of recognizable follicular carcinoma. The follicular carcinoma cells desplayed prominent mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and showed evidence of secretory activity. Desmosomes and complex cellular interdigitations were evident. Basal laminae were present, with conspicuous reduplication in the well-differentiated foci. However, some epithelial clusters were surrounded by basal lamina, showing focal discontinuities through which epithelial cells protruded into the stroma. The pleomorphic spindle and giant cells showed cytoplasmic and nuclear characteristics similar to the better differentiated carcinomatous follicular elements, but showed rare desmosomes and no basal laminae. The basic ultrastructural similarity between follicular and anaplastic tumor cells confirms their common epithelial origin. However, while partially retaining their secretory capability, the anaplastic cells progressively lose their capacity to synthetize basal lamina and develop complex cellular attachments.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Acute interstitial nephritis. A clinical and pathologic study based on renal biopsies.

To define interstitial nephritis without preselection bias, 25 consecutive renal biopsy specimens from patients with tubular damage, interstitial damage and interstitial inflammation were analyzed in detail. In four patients (all with acute renal failure), tubulitis, and interstitial eosinophil and lymphocyte infiltration were found, but no glomerular abnormalities. In four others, the findings were similar but some glomerular abnormalities were noted. Two patients had probable healed interstitial nephritis. The clinical presentation varied from transient renal insufficincy to oliguric renal failure. Three of the patients with glomerular abnormalities had significant proteinuria. When the 10 patients with interstitial nephritis were compared with the other 15 serving as controls, striking features in the former group were skin rash, eosinophilia, the absence of hypertension and the frequency of administration of penicillin and its analogs. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were elevated in three of the patients. The striking eosinophilia, interstitial eosinophil infiltration and increased IgE levels suggest that allergen-reaginic complexes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the lesion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Squamous carcinoma of bladder with pseudosarcomatous stroma.

A polypoid squamous cell carcinoma with pseudosarcomatous stroma of the urinary bladder was studied electron microscopically. The epithelial component was a typical squamous carcinoma that consisted of cells with abundant bundles of tonofilaments that converged toward well-developed desmosomes; keratohyalin granules were also seen. The stroma consisted of fusiform cells with dilated rough endoplasmic-reticulum cisternae and irregular cytoplasmic projections that were suggestive of active fibroblasts. No structures suggestive of an epithelial origin or of advanced mesenchymal differentiation were recognized. These observations are consistent with the notion that the pseudosarcomatous stroma represents a reactive process that is probably related to the growth of the epithelial neoplasm. Given the differences in behavior and prognosis between carcinomas with pseudosarcomatous stroma and true carcinosarcomas, efforts at separation of these entities are warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructure of medullary, intraductal, tubular and adenocystic breast carcinomas: comparative patterns of myoepithelial differentiation and basal lamina deposition.

Samples from medullary, intraductal, tubular and adenocystic breast carcinomas were studied ultrastructurally, with emphasis on the patterns of myoepithelial differentiation and basal lamina deposition. Myoepithelial cells, while prominent in the intraductal and adenocystic carcinomas, were rarely found in the medullary neoplasms and appeared absent in the tubular neoplasms. Parallel to the above, basal laminae were most abundant and evenly deposited in the intraductal and adenocystic tumors, but were infrequent in the medullary tumors and seemingly absent in the tubular carcinomas. Well-defined myoepithelial cells and retention of the capability to synthesize basal lamina are evidence of differentiation in neoplastic cell populations. Thus, their presence in intraductal and adenocystic carcinomas (generally associated with a good prognosis) is not surprising. However, their scarcity or absence in the similarly favorable group of medullary and tubular carcinomas suggests that other factors may also influence the invasive and metastasizing ability of breast carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the esophagus.

Of a total of 928 primary esophageal cancers, 16 cases of "undifferentiated" esophageal carcinoma were isolated. The topographic and age distributions as well as the clinical presentation and evolution of these tumors were basically similar to those of the usual esophageal squamous carcinoma. By light microscopy, the tumors were comprised exclusively or predominantly of small, round-to-fusiform cells. The cytoplasm appeared scanty and the nuclei were comparatively large and hyperchromatic. Mitotic activity was prominent. Four of the sixteen neoplasms showed occasional foci of squamous differentiation. Argyrophilic cells were seen in all cases, although their number and distribution were variable. Occasional mucosubstance droplets were present in 2 cases. Argentaffin and amyloid stains were negative in all tumors. Ultrastructural studies revealed variable numbers of granules consisting of a dense core, a pale halo, and a single, delimiting membrane; these measured between 80 and 220 nm in diameter. Four of the sixteen cases displayed conspicuous tonofilament bundles and rare keratohyalin granules. The predominant ultrastructural common denominator of these tumors was the presence of characteristic neurosecretory-type granules; thus, their classification as neuroendocrine carcinomas would appear justified. Nevertheless, the abundant tonofilaments and the rare keratohyalin granules and mucosubstance droplets seen in several cases indicate that some of these epithelial cancers possess and express variable capabilities toward multidirectional differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytopathologic diagnosis of extracolonic amebiasis.

Extracolonic amebiasis must be distinguished from bacterial abscesses and neoplastic disease. Newer technology in diagnostic and interventional radiology permits such lesions to be aspirated more accurately for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, often averting an open surgical procedure. Paracecal and hepatic masses of one patient, who presented with fever and abdominal pain, were shown to be amebic abscesses by cytopathologic examination of material obtained by ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration. Another patient, who was thought to have metastatic carcinoma, died, with clinically unrecognized extensive pulmonary and hepatic amebiasis proven at autopsy. A review of this patient's sputum cytology smears showed numerous trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica that were not recognized earlier. Cytopathologic studies of sputum and fine needle aspirates is an important means of detecting extracolonic amebiasis and distinguishing these lesions from neoplastic disease.

Amebiasis↗