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Biomedical subjects

W J Lynch

Publications and source records attributed to W J Lynch.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of alcohol consumption on serum lipoprotein-lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations. Results from an intervention study in healthy subjects.

Serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, cholesterol in low density lipoprotein (LDL) and in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major subfractions, and of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II and B were measured in 48 healthy men at the end of two 6-week periods in which they consumed normal alcohol (5.0%, v/v) or low alcohol (0.9%, v/v) beer, respectively. Other dietary and behavioural variables were kept constant. Mean levels of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, HDL2- and HDL3 cholesterol, and apolipoproteins A-I and A-II were higher at the end of the normal compared with the low alcohol periods, and levels of LDL cholesterol were lower. Body weight was greater at the end of the normal alcohol period than at the end of the period of low alcohol but multiple regression analysis suggested that the changes in lipoprotein-lipid and apolipoprotein levels were due primarily to the change in alcohol consumption rather than concomitant changes in body weight. This study confirms an effect of alcohol on both major subfractions of HDL and on its major apolipoproteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, apoprotein-B, and Lp(a).

The effect of intervention with a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-C, HDL3-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apoprotein-B, apoprotein-HDL, and Lp(a) was studied in 19 men and 17 women. Most weekday meals were obtained from a single source and dietary records were completed to assess the changes in nutrient intakes. Blood was collected in the 6th wk of each dietary period. Because of strong correlations between many of the changes in nutrient intakes, principal component (factor) analysis was used followed by stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify associations between changes in diet and changes in lipid, lipoprotein or apoprotein levels. Three principal components accounted for 92.0% of the variation in lipid levels: factor 1 represented an increase in saturated fat, total fat, monounsaturated fat, cholesterol, and energy intake: factor 2 represented an increase in fiber and polyunsaturated fat, and decrease in protein intake; factor 3 an increase in total carbohydrate, complex carbohydrate, and energy intake. Where a change in a variable was significantly associated with change in diet, one factor appeared primarily responsible for the change; total cholesterol (factor 2, p = 0.034); triglyceride (factor 3, p = 0.005); apo-HDL (factor 1, p = 0.014); HDL2-C (factor 2, p = 0.023), HDL3-C (factor 3, p = 0.015). A borderline significant association was seen for total HDL-C (factor 2, p = 0.055).

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1984

Vegetarian diets, lipids and cardiovascular risk.

Vegetarian diets produce moderate but appreciable changes in serum lipid levels. A six-week intervention study in which other aspects of life-style were kept constant showed that levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol fell 0.22, 0.19 and 0.07 mmol/l, respectively, while triglyceride levels increased non-significantly 0.12 mmol/l. The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol did not change. A comparison of groups of habitual vegetarians and omnivores matched for other aspects of lifestyle showed rather larger differences in atherogenic lipid levels: 0.71 and 0.67 mmol/l for total- and LDL-cholesterol; the difference in HDL-C levels was 0.04 mmol/l; triglyceride was 0.19 mmol/l greater in vegetarians. 92% of the variation in intakes of major nutrients was accounted for by three derived factors; changes in levels of most of the lipids were associated in each case with one of the factors. The resultant falls in the levels of total- and LDL-cholesterol in people adopting a vegetarian diet probably contribute to a reduction in cardiovascular risk.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1983

Somatic findings in patients with psychogenic polydipsia.

An epidemiologic investigation found a 17.5% prevalence of psychogenic polydipsia in 241 hospitalized psychiatric patients. A randomly selected sample of 10 polydipsic patients revealed such associated disorders as sporadic convulsive seizures, comatose states, hydronephrosis, enuresis/urinary incontinence, projectile type vomiting, malnutrition and, in one case, cardiomegaly and edema. Psychogenic polydipsia is a frequently overlooked disorder, and the somatic consequences of the excessive fluid intake are usually ascribed to other causes.

Drinking↗
PubMed1981

Levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and apoprotein-HDL in an Australian rural population.

Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apoprotein-HDL (apo-HDL) have been measured in adults of Busselton, Western Australia (males, n = 1600; females, n = 1968) and the distribution of values by age and sex are reported. The data confirm previously reported trends with age for cholesterol and reveal strikingly different ranges and trends with age for triglyceride between males and females, mean values in males increasing more rapidly with age and showing greater variation and more marked positive skew. Mean HDL-C values show little change with age in males, and a slight rise with age in females, up to the 7th decade, and then a fall. Apo-HDL levels show very similar distributions to HDL-C in each sex.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Brain injury rehabilitation: standard problem lists.

Numerous problem lists have been developed since the introduction of the Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR). General medical, surgical, psychiatric and rehabilitation settings have been found to be appropriate for the POMR system. The development of a standard problem list for use in brain injury rehabilitation and its application in a typical case are described. The standardized list is believed to facilitate efficient identification of problems and of specific treatment plans and to provide a more uniform approach to evaluation of progress. However, the development of a problem list involves some difficulties in the evaluation of the validity and reliability of criteria used to determine the presence or absence of a problem, in the tendency to generate an unnecessarily lengthy list, and in the achievement of agreement regarding terminology.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1979

Personality factors and results of lumbar disc surgery.

Patients undergoing surgery for herniated lumbar discs were evaluated prospectively with a battery of psychological tests. Personality factors in patients having a good outcome were compared to those in patients having a bad outcome. Both groups had similar surgical findings. Patients with a good outcome were more stable, cautious, efficiently defensive, self-confident, realistically concerned with their illness, mildly depressed, generally optimistic regarding outcome, and able to withstand setbacks without resorting to emergency reactions. Patients with a bad outcome were less stable, were unpredictable, had inefficient defenses, were more obviously depressed, and were less able to withstand stress and breakdown. However, even the degree of psychological testing used in this study does not definitely predict outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exposure hypothermia and the winter sports SCI participant.

Sensation is impaired in the individual with a complete spinal cord injury and it can be compromised in those with incomplete lesions. Quadriplegics and high paraplegics are, therefore, susceptible to environmental temperature changes (partially poikilothermics). Physicians have assumed that SCI persons engaged in winter sports activities are sensitive to exposure hypothermia. To test this premise, participants were examined within five minutes following their arrival from the ski slopes. Sublingual temperature, pulse and respirations were obtained from nine participants. Exposure hypothermia was found in one-third of the selected individuals. We concluded that exposure hypothermia is one of the complications to look for in the winter sports SCI participant, and that cases could be misdiagnosed if physiological knowledge of the SCI person is lacking.

Adult↗