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Biomedical subjects

W J Hamilton

Publications and source records attributed to W J Hamilton.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Irreversible neurologic complications of metrizamide myelography.

Metrizamide, a major contrast agent for myelographic procedures, has rarely been reported to cause irreversible neurologic complications. The major transient neurologic alterations include neuropsychological reactions, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and headaches. Two cases of irreversible spinal neurologic deficits resulting from metrizamide myelography are reported, and the factors that may increase the risks of complications in metrizamide myelographic studies are discussed, including preexisting dehydration, patient positioning, and the concentration of contrast agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment approaches in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

The neurological disorder Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is most often treated with the receptor blocker haloperidol, which also produces multiple side-effects, including the risk for tardive dyskinesia. In placebo control double-blind studies, two other neuroleptic drugs, fluphenazine and trifluoperazine, were found to be as efficaceous as haloperidol, but with fewer side-effects. In other studies, clonidine was shown to be equally efficaceous with haloperidol, but did not produce adverse central nervous system side-effects. To treat the extrapyramidal side-effects accompanying the treatment of Tourette syndrome with neuroleptic agents, amantadine and benztropine were compared in a crossover study. It was demonstrated that amantadine is a superior agent in treating the side effects of haloperidol treatment in Tourette syndrome. The use of lithium was without significant action upon lessening the tics of Tourette syndrome.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1981

Parkinson's disease.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMed1980

Dictyocaulus infection in farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus).

Post mortem examination of red deer calves on a deer farm situated on hill ground in north-east Scotland revealed infection by a lungworm morphologically similar to Dictyocaulus viviparus. Trials were conducted to monitor the natural development of D viviparus infection in red deer, to investigate the value of a commercial lungworm vaccine and to evaluate methods of treating clinical cases. The findings indicate that the syndrome may be less apparent in red deer than it is in cattle, protection might be gained by vaccination and that housing and medication provide useful therapy. The extent of clinical disease is likely to depend on the general health, bodily condition and nutritional status of the animals versus the weight of infection acquired from the pasture. However, various factors can affect both sides in this confrontation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The localization of sodium and calcium to schwann cell paranodal loops at nodes of Ranvier and of calcium to compact myelin.

High-voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) has been used to determine the distribution of cationic precipitates in myelinated axons resulting from the application of two cytochemical techniques: a direct osmium pyroantimonate treatment for precipitating Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+; and a 5 mM Ca2+ inclusion procedure (Oschman & Wall) for imparting electron density to Ca2+ binding sites. Electron probe wavelength spectroscopy was then used on semi-thick tissue sections to identify the species of ions present in the following regions: Schwann cell paranodal loops, axoplasm at the node, compact myelin and extracellular matrix. With these combined procedures we were able to localize elevated concentrations of both Na+ and Ca2+ to cytoplasmic compartments of the Schwann cell paranodal loops, as well as to detect the presence of Ca2+ at elevated levels in compact myelin. The involvement of the Schwann cell paranodal loops in providing a source and/or sink for Na+ involved in impulse conduction is suggested by these results, and the significance of such a role is discussed. A role for Ca2+ in the formation and stabilization of myelin lamellae is also suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Observations on the calving of free-ranging tame red deer (Cervus elaphus).

Calving was observed in 27 farmed red deer, most of which were calving for the first time. On average, parturition lasted 107 min and the placenta was released 98 min after calving. The postnatal development of 23 calves was watched. On average, the first sucking occurred 33 min after birth and the calves were able to stand 47 min after birth. There was wide variation in these times. Male first calves had a mean weight of 6.59 kg and females a mean weight of 6.00 kg, weighed dry after the first sucking. Out of 50 hinds put to the stag at 16 months of age, when their mean weight was 66 kg, 48 calved. None of 56 pregnant hinds, of which 50 were in their first pregnancies, died at calving time. Calf losses were 3 born dead and a further 6 which died soon after calving: these losses were 16.1% of pregnancies and 11.3% of calves born alive.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Variation in the weight, specific gravity and composition of the antlers of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.).

1. Antlers were removed in September from 2-4 year old red deer (Cervus elaphus L.). Both well-fed penned stags and less well-nourished grazing stags were studied. 2. For deer of the same age, both log antler weight and log antler specific gravity were related to body-weight in September and to body-weight gain between March and September. The antlers of 3- and 4-year-old stags were heavier and tended to be denser relative to body-weight and body-weight gain than those of 2-year-old stags. 3. For grazing stags of a given age, antler weight and specific gravity, and body-weight and body-weight gain, were progressively less in the three successive years of the study. This appeared to reflect increasing stocking rate over this period. 4. The composition of the antlers did not vary significantly between penned and grazing stags or with age. However the concentrations of ash, phosphorus and magnesium in dry matter showed significant positive correlations with specific gravity, that of zinc a significant negative correlation, while calcium, copper and manganese showed no significant correlation. 5. The antlers evidently provide a useful index of the changes in body-weight of the stags.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

Anosognosia for hemiplegia: somatosensory evoked potential studies.

Somatosensory evoked potential studies in nine patients with anosognosia for left hemiplegia and in one patient with anosognosia for right hemiplegia revealed an absence of response over either hemisphere on stimulation of the median nerve on the hemiplegic side. This apparent lack of cortical processing may underlie the impaired awareness of the hemiplegic side, manifested as anosognosia.

Agnosia↗