Biomedical subjects

W J Burroughs

Publications and source records attributed to W J Burroughs.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

Situational influences on cues used to judge intoxication.

Subjects' perceptions of cues used to judge intoxication across different drinking settings were investigated. College students (N = 40) were presented with 12 one-paragraph scenarios, four for each of three types of drinking expectancy: tension reduction, social disinhibition and physical impairment. Pilot testing confirmed that the scenarios accurately represented these different expectancies. Subjects rated the importance of 18 cues to intoxication for judging intoxication in each of the 12 scenarios. Results indicated that 15 of the 18 cues were perceived to be differentially important in the three types of situations. These results suggest that subjects apply cues to intoxication differently in different situations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Knowing when you're drunk: a cluster analysis of cues to intoxication.

The present study was conducted to determine what cues to intoxication untrained subjects report using and how subjects see relationships among these cues. One hundred subjects were asked to list 5 cues that they use to determine their level of intoxication. These responses were tabulated, and the 18 most frequent responses were retained for further analyses. To assess the relationships among cues, all possible pairs of cues were rated for similarity. Mean similarity ratings were collapsed across subjects to form a mean similarities matrix that was subjected to cluster analysis. A taxonomy of cues to intoxication is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Reference points in spatial cognition.

The present research investigates the hypothesis that cognitive representations of large scale space contain elements that may be termed reference points, and that these points are used to define the position of adjacent places. The nature and function of reference points is explored in five experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 consist of tasks during which subjects judged the distance between known locations. The subjective distance between reference points and nonreference points was found to be asymmetrical, with the latter ordered in relation to the former. Experiments 3 and 4 employ reaction time tasks in which subjects attempted to verify the distance or direction from an anchor location to target locations. The data indicate that the relative referentiality of anchor and target locations influences verification time. The results of Experiments 1-4 suggest that reference points occur in spatial cognition and that these points provide an organizational structure that facilitates the location of adjacent points in space. Experiment 5 consists of a multiple regression analysis designed to clarify the semantic attributes of spatial reference points.

Cognition↗