Biomedical subjects

W Herbst

Publications and source records attributed to W Herbst.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Vaccine-associated canine distemper infection in a litter of African hunting dogs (Lycaon pictus).

Four, 57 days old, African hunting dog puppies (Lycaon pictus) from one litter died within three weeks following vaccination with modified-live canine distemper virus (CDV) and killed canine adenovirus type 1, canine parvovirus and Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae and canicola. 18 days post vaccination, the animals developed neurologic disease characterized by episodes of grand mal seizures and circling. Macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical studies revealed acute systemic CDV infection with acute encephalopathy. Virus isolation attempts using primary dog kidney cells, lung macrophages and Vero cells were negative. Therefore, the question whether the infection was the result of vaccination or natural infection remains open. The benefits and risks regarding the use of modified-live CDV vaccines and killed canine distemper vaccines in exotic carnivores are briefly discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Electron microscopic detection rate of enteral viruses in diarrhea of dogs, cats, calves, swine and foals in the year 1988--electron microscopic study results].

During 1988 fecal and gut samples of 641 dogs, 198 cats, 576 calves, 108 piglets and 64 foals with diarrhoea were investigated for virus infections by electron microscopy. In samples of dogs and cats parvovirus was detected at a proportion of 21.9% and 16.7%, respectively; rotavirus alone or together with coronavirus was found only in 0.3-1.5% of the specimens. In samples of calves rotavirus, as well as coronavirus dominated with a detection rate amounting to 17.4% and 26.6% respectively (including 4.5% of mixed infections); parvovirus was present in a ratio of 0.5%. Specimens of piglets mainly contained coronavirus (25.0%), and in lower percentages rotavirus (2.8%), rota- and coronaviruses (0.9%) and parvovirus (0.9%). In feces of foals rotavirus was detected in 6.3% and particles resembling picornavirus in 4.7% of cases. Not identifiable virus particles resembling corona-or picornaviruses were rarely found (between 0.6-2.5) also in specimens of the other animal species.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Comparative studies of the detection of rotavirus in fecal samples of calves with diarrhea with the latex test "Slidex Rota-Kit 2" and electron microscopy].

Of 68 fecal samples from calves with diarrhoea which were tested for rotavirus with the latex agglutination test "Slidex Rota-Kit2" and by electron microscopy 33 samples were positive and 33 were negative with both tests respectively. Divergent results (latex test positive/EM negative and vice versa) were observed in one specimen only, respectively. Cross reactions with other viruses diagnosed by electron microscopy were not observed with the latex agglutination test. The "Slidex Rota-Kit2" is another suitable test for the diagnostic laboratory as well as for the veterinary practitioner for the detection of rotavirus in fecal samples of calves.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Serological diagnostic studies of the occurrence of coronavirus infections in cattle with respiratory diseases].

Of paired serum samples of 196 cattle with respiratory disease from 37 herds which were tested for hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies against coronavirus (BCV) 185 of the first specimens and 190 of the second ones gave positive results. This difference was due to five animals of five different farms showing seroconversions between the time of the blood collections. A significant rise in antibody titer (no less than 4-fold) was evident in 28 cattle from 3 of the above mentioned and 12 other farms. Altogether serological indication of acute coronavirus infections were gained in 33 (16.8%) of animals with respiratory diseases which derived from 17 of 37 herds. Most of these infections (about 35%) occurred in animals older than 6 months while calves up to 3 or 6 months were only affected in a ratio of ca. 10%, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Electron microscopy in the diagnosis of enteritis in cats].

Over a five-year period (1981-1985) 346 faecal and intestinal samples of cats affected with diarrhoea were studied by electron microscopy. This method revealed the presence of virus in 144 out of 346 (41.6 per cent) samples studied. 117 (81.3 per cent) of these samples contained parvoviruses which were identified by using a specific immune serum (immuno electron microscopy). In addition, rotaviruses (two samples), coronaviruses (thirteen samples), coronavirus-like (ten samples) and picornavirus-like particles (two samples) were detected in the other specimens. The present study shows that electron microscopy is a useful and rapid procedure in the diagnosis of enteritis in cats as well as in other domestic animals.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Isolation of a poxvirus from a sparrow (Passer domesticus).

From liver, lung, and kidney of a dead sparrow with signs of conjunctivitis a cytopathic agent was isolated in chicken embryo cell culture which was identified as a poxvirus by electron microscopy. From its growth characteristics in avian and mammalian cell culture it was concluded to belong to the genus avipox virus.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Seroprevalence of porcine and human influenza A virus antibodies in pigs between 1986 and 1988 in Hassia.

1,268 sera collected from slaughtered pigs in Hassia (FRG) from 1986 to 1988 were tested for antibodies against porcine and human influenza A virus strains using the single radial haemolysis test (SRHT). Antibodies against the porcine strains (subtype H1N1) A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81, A/Swine/Iowa/15/30 and A/New Jersey/7/76 were detected in 411 (32.4%), 318 (25.1%) and 304 (24.0%) of sera, respectively. Up to 1988 a slight increase (10%) in the seroprevalence to A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81 was noticed, whereas the results obtained with the other strains showed little variation. Antibodies against the human H1N1 strain A/Singapore/6/86 were only found in sera collected 1987 and 1988 in rates of 1.6% and 3.0%. Serological indication of infections with the human H3N2 strains A/Victoria/1/75, A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Philippines/2/82 could be shown in 286 (22.6%), 178 (14.4%) and 135 (10.6%) of the serum samples. Within the three year period the rate of sera positive for antibodies against A/Philippines/2/82 increased from 6.5% to 23.0%, whereas no variation in the rates were found using the other H3N2 strains. Antibodies simultaneously against porcine (H1N1) and human (H3N2) virus strains were detected in 9.9% of all sera tested.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Electron microscopic virus detection in fecal samples from swine with enteric diseases between 1981 and 1987].

Results of electron microscopical studies of 517 fecal samples from diarrhoeic pigs out of the years 1981 and 1987 were reported. Coronavirus was found in 26.3%, rotavirus in 4.3%, parvovirus in 2.1%, coronavirus like particles in 2.9% and picornavirus like particles in 2.3% of the samples. In some cases (2.3%) double infections could be detected occurring as well between corona- and rotavirus, parvovirus or picornavirus like particles as between rotavirus and parvovirus and picornavirus like particles, respectively. The results were reported annually.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Microbiological study results (bacteriology and electron microscopy) of diarrhea in dog whelps].

Bacteriological examinations of 159 faeces and intestinal contents of dogs with diarrhoea revealed E. coli in 157 specimens. 73 of these samples contained non haemolytic strains, 18 haemolytic isolates, and 66 haemolytic, as well as non haemolytic strains. Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus were found in 9 cases, and Salmonella sp. (group B) was isolated once only. By electron microscopy parvovirus could be detected in 19 samples. Ten were positive for coronavirus and one for rotavirus. Morphologically not finally identified coronavirus like and picornavirus like particles were found in 3 cases, respectively. A significant relationship between the occurrence of virus infections and the isolation of certain bacteria species was not found. In 45 E. coli strains virulence factors, such as the heat labile enterotoxin (LT) and the verotoxin (VT), could not be detected, but 31 of these isolates showed different haemagglutination patterns which were still present by 14 of them in the presence of mannose (mannose resistant haemagglutination, MR-HA). These MR-HA inducing E. coli isolates were present more often in parvovirus positive samples (in 6 of 10) than they could be detected in parvovirus negative ones (in 8 of 35), implicating a potential pathogenic role of these E. coli strains for the parvovirus enteritis of dogs.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Electron microscopic detection of herpesviruses in a mass death of Greek tortoises (Testudo hermanni) and four-toed turtles (Agrionemys horsfieldii)].

In a population of about 130 tortoises, consisting mainly of Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni) and Four-toed tortoises (Agrionemys horsfieldii), 50% of the reptiles died within 3 months in autumn 1987. Post mortem analysis of 5 necropsied turtles revealed thick, caseous coatings in the upper digestive tract, hepatomegaly and enteritis. By microbiological examination a lot of ubiquitous bacteria could be isolated. By electron microscopy of concentrated and negatively stained gut specimens herpes virus particles were found in two Hermann's tortoises and one Four-toed tortoise. Isolation experiments in embryonic turtle tissue cultures showed no evidence of a cytopathogenic agent. The results are discussed in respect of their importance for the high mortality observed in the population of mediterranean land turtles.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Isolation of coronaviruses in cell culture from nasal swab samples of calves with respiratory tract diseases in the Federal Republic of Germany].

Coronavirus was isolated in HRT-18 tissue culture from nasal swabs of 4 from 15 calves showing respiratory symptoms. The strains showed cytopathic effects and could be identified as coronaviruses of bovine origin by their mouse erythrocyte agglutinating activity as well as serological specific hemagglutination inhibition and electron microscopical methods. This is the first report on the isolation of coronaviruses in tissue culture from the respiratory tract of calves in the FRG.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Microbiological development studies in a clinically healthy, closed primate colony (Macaca mulatta, Macaca arctoides) after the establishment of a Salmonella infection].

A case of a Salmonella infantis septicemia in a primate (Macaca mulatta) probably induced by shipment stress gave rise to microbiological examination of fecal samples from all animals of a since 1976 closed colony of Macaca mulatta and Macaca arctoides. During 3 investigations carried out in 3 week intervals salmonella-positive animals were separated immediately from the stock. At the first examination 3 of 52, and at the second 2 of 49 samples were found to be salmonella-positive. At the third series all of the remaining 47 animals proved to be salmonella-negative. All isolates were identified as S. infantis. Feeding of contaminated, dried prawns was suspected as the most probable source of infection. A simultaneous examination of 96 of the stool specimens revealed Y. enterocolitica in 4 samples. Additionally, electron-microscopy of pooled fecal samples (3 to 4 animals each) led to demonstration of corona-, adenovirus and small round virus-like particles in one pool each. Moreover, coronavirus-like particles could be detected in 7 of 13 (1st examination series), 5 of 15 (2nd series) and 1 of 13 pools (3rd series).

Animals↗

PubMed1988