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Biomedical subjects

W Hartl

Publications and source records attributed to W Hartl.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of low-dose bradykinin on glucose metabolism and nitrogen balance in surgical patients.

Acute effects of a low-dose bradykinin infusion (30 ng/kg per min) on carbohydrate metabolism were studied in five patients after major burn injury. Peripheral glucose uptake was not affected but glucose oxidation and alanine flux were increased by 15% and 10%, respectively. These findings are compatible with an increase in glycolytic flux by an action of bradykinin. Nineteen patients who had undergone major gastro-intestinal surgery were studied in a randomised trial of chronic (6 day) bradykinin administration. Patients in the bradykinin group had a significantly improved rate of nitrogen retention (cumulative N balance, -0.014 [SE 0.064] vs -0.175 [0.048] g N/kg) in controls and significantly better nutritional indices. Manipulation of metabolism in surgical patients by bradykinin may have beneficial effects on nitrogen and protein dynamics, possibly mediated by improved aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Non-invasive quantitation of liver iron-overload by magnetic resonance imaging.

A standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system allowing spin echo times of 10 ms was used to quantitate liver iron concentration in nine healthy normal subjects and 13 patients with various grades of iron overload. Body iron status was estimated by measuring the serum ferritin concentration. In 11 subjects (two normal healthy controls, eight patients with HLA-related hereditary haemochromatosis and one patient with thalassaemia major) non-haem hepatic iron concentration was determined chemically in biopsy specimens (dry weight), in parallel to serum ferritin and MRI-T2 relaxation times. A moderate correlation (r = 0.79) was obtained for the correlation of the T2-relaxation rate (1/T2) and serum ferritin of the 22 subjects investigated. A much closer correlation (r = 0.98) was observed for the 1/T2 liver iron relationship in the 10 subjects analysed by liver biopsy. It is concluded from these preliminary observations, that MR-imaging may provide a useful non-invasive tool for the quantitative determination of liver iron in iron overload-syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[31P NMR spectroscopy of muscular diseases: correlation with MR imaging].

The spectra of normal and abnormal muscle were examined by 31P MR spectroscopy using a 2 Tesla system. Exercise tests on normal and abnormal muscle were also carried out. Abnormal muscles showed characteristic changes in the phosphorus spectrum, when compared with normal muscles, both at rest and after exercise; these were compared with the data from the MR images. The advantages and limitations of the method are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Captopril enhances insulin responsiveness of forearm muscle tissue in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Bradykinin infusion has been shown to improve glucose metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDD). Therefore, we tested the following hypothesis: inhibition of Kininase II, the bradykinin (BK) degrading enzyme, by captopril may also improve glucose metabolism in NIDD. Immediate effects of captopril on total body and peripheral glucose disposal were examined in five normotensive, normal weight NIDD and compared with five NIDD control subjects, well matched for age, weight and degree of fasting hyperglycaemia. The euglycaemic insulin clamp technique was employed in combination with the forearm catheter technique. After 90 min of insulin infusion a single dose of 25 mg captopril was administered orally, whereas in the control group a placebo was given. Captopril lead to a significant rise in total body glucose disposal and forearm glucose uptake, while in the control group no change was observed. Simultaneously, captopril lead to reduction in muscular release of lactate and pyruvate. We conclude that these results demonstrate the stimulatory effect of captopril on insulin-induced glucose disposal of the whole body, which appears to be a result of increased glucose utilization by peripheral tissues. Because of the described insulin-like activity of bradykinin, the concomitant accumulation of local kinins by captopril-induced inhibition of kininase II may represent an attractive hypothesis to explain the generated data sufficiently.

Alanine↗
PubMed1976

E1Lymphocytopenia in pseudo-lupus-erythmetaosus syndrome.

Seven female patients with pseudo-lupus erythematosus (LE)-syndrome had markedly reduced lymphocyte counts in their peripheral blood during the active phase of the disease. One patient, we were able to study during the active phase of her disease, had a diminuation of spontaneous rosettes-forming (T-)lymphocytes, using neuraminidase-treated sheep red blood cells for the test. In this case the percentage of surface-immunoglobulin-bearing (B-)lymphocytes determined by an indirect immunofluorescence technique was augmented. In comparison with 20 normal controls 6 other patients did not show any alterations in the relation of B- and T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. 5 patients had circulating lymphocytotoxic antibodies in their serum. A specificity of these antibodies for T-lymphocytes could not be realized.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HLA-B27-positive oligarthritis.

68 cases with polyarthritis were selected from 406 HLA B 27 positive patients with various rheumatic diseases excluding ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or Reiter's disease. 23 fulfilled at least 5 criteria of the ARA for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 5 suffered from polyarthritis and psoriasis. The remaining 40 patients expressed an asymmetric oligarthritis especially of the lower limbs (knee, ankle) affecting predominantly young adult men. Sacroiliitis was observed in 10 cases. Joint erosions, rheumatoid factors and visceral manifestations were uncommon. The arthritic pattern of B 27 positive oligarthritis differed clearly from rheumatoid arthritis (n = 34) and psoriatic arthritis (n = 15), but was similar to peripheral joint involvement in AS (n = 32) except for the higher incidence of coxitis in AS. HLA typing is helpful not only in the early diagnosis of AS but also in the differential diagnosis of unclassifiable polyarthritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Decrease of mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis].

Peripheral blood lymphocytes of 51 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and of 14 healthy blood donors were cultivated in autologous and homologous normal pool-serum and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PMW) in different doses. In autologous as well as in homologous pool-serum the 3H-thymidine uptake of stimulated lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis was significantly depressed independent of the mitogen concentration used. Serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis depressed the activation of blood donor lymphocytes by Con A and PWM. The depression of lymphocyte activation was not related to the presence of rheumatoid factors in the serum, the severity of the disease and the anti-rheumatic therapy.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗