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Biomedical subjects

W H Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to W H Wilson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

PIP syndrome.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Caffeine-induced cerebral blood flow changes in schizophrenia.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements and mental status examinations were performed before and 30 min after oral administration of 250 mg of caffeine or a placebo given under double-blind conditions, in two groups of patients with schizophrenia. Caffeine produced significant CBF reductions but no changes in the patient's clinical condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Determinants of resting regional cerebral blood flow in normal subjects.

Study of brain function via cerebral blood flow and metabolism measurements is believed to be of considerable significance in psychiatry. The present study examined the factors that determined patterns of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 140 physically and mentally healthy, drug-free volunteers under resting conditions. Age, sex, and end-tidal CO2 levels were identified as the most powerful determinants of CBF, in that order. Age-related CBF reduction was found to be most marked in the frontal region. Women had higher CBF than men, and the difference was most obvious in the frontal region. The correlations between CO2 and CBF showed less striking, but significant, regional variations. Hematocrit was found to exert only minimal influence in the control of resting CBF.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hematocrit and anxiety.

Stress is believed to increase hematocrit. Groups of patients with generalized anxiety disorders and normal volunteers matched on age and sex were compared on resting levels of state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, pulse rate, blood pressure and hematocrit. There were no differences between the patients and controls on hematocrit, although the former showed significantly higher state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression. The measurements were repeated in the anxious patients after one-half of the subjects received an intravenous infusion of epinephrine and the other half saline. Epinephrine was associated with significant increases in state anxiety, pulse and systolic blood pressure, but not with any hematocrit or plasma volume changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The prevalence of abnormal involuntary movements among chronic schizophrenics.

In an international survey of chronic schizophrenia, data were collected on the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS) to ascertain the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia. Abnormal movements were found to present in 28% of the sample of 739 patients. Using the more stringent Research Criteria for Tardive Dyskinesia (RD-TD) the prevalence rate was found to be 13.6%. Statistically significant differences were obtained between patients meeting RD-TD criteria and patients with abnormal movement who did not meet RD-TD criteria on total score, global severity, degree of incapacity and patient awareness--all reflecting greater severity in the RD-TD group. A much lower rate of moderate/severe tardive dyskinesia than that reported in the literature was obtained in this sample. Using the Leonhard classification of chronic schizophrenia, it was found that patients with prominent negative symptomatology had a high prevalence of tardive dyskinesia--confirming the previous reported relationship between these variables. Prevalence differences, possibly related to specific psychopathological syndromes, were also obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Dextroamphetamine-induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow.

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide and mood states were measured before and after IV injections of 15 mg dextroamphetamine sulfate or saline in 22 physically and mentally healthy normal volunteers. Amphetamine administration was associated with significant increases in systolic blood pressure and vigor and decrease in end-tidal carbon dioxide. There were no significant differences between the amphetamine and saline groups on CBF changes. However, there was a non-significant trend towards a post-amphetamine CBF reduction, even after the flow values were corrected for the acute changes in CO2.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The effect of nonsedating doses of diazepam on regional cerebral blood flow.

Drugs like diazepam induce tranquilization in small doses and sedation in larger quantities. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured before and 5 min after the intravenous administration of nonsedating doses of diazepam or placebo (given on a double-blind basis) to 20 right-handed volunteers. Subjects who received diazepam showed marked right hemispheric rCBF decreases, especially in the frontal lobe, whereas controls did not show significant differences between the two sets of values. None of the subjects became sleepy during the experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An international survey of tardive dyskinesia.

As part of an international study of chronic schizophrenia, data on tardive dyskinesia were collected by clinical judgment and a standard rating scale, on over 700 patients. The frequently-reported positive correlation between age and prevalence rate was confirmed in this sample. While not statistically significant, high prevalence rates were associated with higher dosage levels and length of hospitalization. Positive relationships were also found to exist among prevalence rates and schizophrenic subtypes--particularly among those with high degrees of negative symptomatology.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Regional cerebral blood flow in dialysis encephalopathy and primary degenerative dementia.

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in patients with dialysis encephalopathy, primary degenerative dementia, dialysis patients with no central nervous system (CNS) complications, and normal controls. Both groups of dialysis patients (with and without CNS complications) demonstrated higher CBF values, and the dementia patients, lower CBF values than the controls. The dialysis patients had lower hematocrit, which correlated inversely with the cerebral blood flow. No such correlations were present in normals and patients with primary degenerative dementia. The dialysis patients and controls obtained similar CBF when the flow values were adjusted for the differences in hematocrit.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

A study of the septum pellucidum and corpus callosum in schizophrenia with MR imaging.

Surface areas of the septum pellucidum, corpus callosum and the brain were measured from mid-saggital slices obtained with magnetic resonance imaging in 18 patients with schizophrenia and an equal number of normal volunteers. The patients showed larger septa and septo-brain ratios. These indices correlated with age in both patients and controls. In the patients, septal area also correlated with duration of illness. Changes in the septum pellucidum were unrelated to the intensity of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The patients had significantly longer corpora callosa, but the two groups did not differ on its size or the ratio between the latter and the mid-saggital slice area. Dimensions of the corpus callosum did not correlate with age, duration of the illness or positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The anteroposterior elongation of the structure seemed to accompany enlargement of the septum pellucidum.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacotherapy of chronic hospitalized schizophrenics: prescription practices.

Prescription practices were examined as part of a multinational study of chronic hospitalized schizophrenic patients. The study included a total of 768 patients from 8 countries. All patients had a diagnosis (ICD-9) of schizophrenia and met defined criteria for chronic hospitalization. The patients were treated with psychotropic drugs from 6 categories, i.e., neuroleptics, antidepressants, lithium salts, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, and antiparkinsonian medications, as well as with a variety of nonpsychotropic drugs. The majority of the patients received concurrently more than 1 neuroleptic, medications from 2 or more categories, and neuroleptics combined with other agents. Polypharmacy appeared to be universal in this population.

Adult↗