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Biomedical subjects

W H Utian

Publications and source records attributed to W H Utian.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Role of dextran 70 in microtubal surgery.

Pelvic adhesion formation represents a major problem following fallopian tube surgery for infertility. Intraperitoneal dextran may prevent pelvic adhesions. Extensive personal clinical experience (W. H. U.) with intraperitoneal dextran organ-flotation on completion of tubal and ovarian surgery has appeared to limit adhesions. A specific study was designed to test the validity of this theory. Four randomized groups of rabbits were subjected to bilateral tubocornual division and microsurgical reanastomosis with total hemostasis and pelvic lavage. Routine peritoneal closure was performed on one group, but followed instillation of 30 to 50 ml of normal saline into the peritoneal cavities of the second group, and 30 to 50 ml of 6% dextran 70 into those of the third. Study of fourth group, which received 32% dextran 70 in the peritoneal cavity, was discontinued because of complications. A second laparotomy was performed 4 weeks later for precise assessment and photography of adhesion formation. Each animal was mated 4 weeks after the second operation in order to determine fertility rates. Reduced adhesion formation and increased fertility rates following the instillation of dextran are reported. A role for dextran 70 in infertility surgery is recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of premenopausal castration and incremental dosages of conjugated equine estrogens on plasma follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol.

Plasma levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2) were measured serially in 11 premenopausal patients before and after hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. One week after operation an incremental dosage regimen of conjugated estrogens (CEE) in tablet form was commenced on a basis of two weeks with therapy (0.3, 0.625, 1.25, and finally 2.5 mg.), with each dose interspersed by two weeks without therapy. FSH, LH and E2 levels were measured at the end of each period with and without therapy. E2 levels fell within 24 hours of operation while FSH and LH levels rose gradually. CEE therapy produced an elevation of E2, but circulating concentrations comparable to the premenopausal values were only maintained during the dosage periods of 0.625 and 1.25 mg. of CEE. In only one instance did CEE succeed in reducing FSH to premenopausal levels, and that was at a dosage of 2.5 mg., in which instance the E2 level was higher than the premenopausal value. LH was never reduced to a premenopausal level. Thus, the data indicate that CEE alone in dosages up to 2.5 mg. per day was unable to reproduce in postmenopausal women the gonadotropin and E2 blood serum levels shown to exist prior to oophorectomy. Usual CEE treatment after menopause, therefore, in itself does not represent physiologic "hormone replacement therapy," if defined as the dosage required to maintain premenopausal circulating concentrations of reproductive hormones.

Castration↗
PubMed1978

Effect of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on diastolic blood pressure and bodyweight.

The effect of two forms of exogenous estrogen and a placebo on diastolic blood pressure and bodyweight was evaluated in 50 oophorectomized women. There was no significant change in bodyweight on any form of treatment, nor was there any significant elevation in mean diastolic blood pressure. However, 2 out of 49 females on conjugated estrogen showed a marked elevation of the diastolic blood pressure. It is therefore recommended that all women on exogenous estrogen treatment have their blood pressure checked at least once every 6 months. Provided this precaution is observed, changes in bodyweight or diastolic blood pressure need not be considered as potential disadvantages in the evaluation of indications for long-term estrogen treatment.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

Osteoporosis, oestrogens and oöphorectomy. A proposed new test of oestrogenic potency.

The role of oestrogens, endogenous and exogenous, in the pathogenesis of osteoporis is briefly reviewed. Aspects of research into effects of oestrogens on plasma calcium and phosphorus metabolism, conducted at Groote Schuur Hospital, are incorporated in the discussion. The current role of oestrogen therapy in the prevention of osteoporosis is presented. Evidence suggests that different oestrogenic substances produce different metabolic effects. On this basis a new test for assessment of oestrogenic potency is proposed. It is concluded that appropriate or specific oestrogens are of value in the prevention of osteoporosis, but play little or no role once the process is fully developed. A positive preventive measure recommended is conservatism with regard to ovaries during gynaecological operation on young women.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Effect of bromocriptine and chlorotrianisene on inhibition of lactation and serum prolactin. A comparative double-blind study.

A double-blind study to compare the effect of 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (bromocriptine, CB 154, Sandoz) an ergot alkaloid with chlorotrianisene (Tace, Mer-National) on the inhibition of postpartum lactation was carried out in 38 women. At the dosages selected bromocriptine was more effective than chlorotrianisene in inhibiting lactation. Furthermore, bromocriptine significantly reduced serum prolactin levels to low normal values by the seventh day of treatment, whereas chlorotrianisene did not alter the normal progressive reduction in prolactin post-partum. Neither drug had significant toxic effects.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1975

Dental obstetrics.

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Calcium, Dietary↗