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Biomedical subjects

W H Turner

Publications and source records attributed to W H Turner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Flexible cystoscopy compared with ultrasound in the detection of recurrent bladder tumours.

A combination of transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound was compared with flexible cystoscopy as a means of detecting recurrent bladder tumours. The study group comprised 50 patients who had previously had rigid cystoscopy. They underwent combination ultrasound in the out-patient department 1 week before flexible cystoscopy. Combination ultrasound identified 25 patients with recurrent tumours and flexible cystoscopy identified 26. Thirty-four patients (68%) preferred ultrasound, 10 (20%) preferred flexible cystoscopy, 3 (6%) preferred general anaesthesia and rigid cystoscopy and 3 (6%) had no preference. The main objection to ultrasound was the use of the transrectal probe.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The role of abdominal and transrectal ultrasound and cytology in the detection of recurrent bladder tumours.

Transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound combined with cytology were compared with conventional cystoscopy as a mean of detecting recurrences of bladder tumours. One hundred and twenty-five patients underwent combination ultrasound in the outpatient department 1 week before cystoscopy. Combination ultrasound identified 90% of recurrent tumours and tumour identification with the results of ultrasound and cytology combined was 93%. The false positive rate was 2%. The ultrasonographer would have referred 97% of patients with recurrent tumour for cystoscopy. Combination ultrasound and cytology may be a satisfactory alternative to check cystoscopy in certain categories of bladder tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Double J stents in the treatment of gynaecological injury to the ureter.

Ureteric injury is a recognized complication of hysterectomy and may present with obstruction or fistula. Between 1987 and 1989 in Oxford nine patients with 10 injured ureters underwent attempted retrograde placement of double J stents. Three patients had successful outcomes and one patient with bilateral ureteric obstruction required reimplantation of the right ureter after successful stenting of the left ureter. One patient required removal of a stent due to irritation but her fistula eventually closed. In three patients placement was unsuccessful and in one patient injury to the bladder base prevented the ureteric orifices from being seen and hence stenting was not possible. Thus five of these 10 injured ureters were managed successfully with double J stents. We advocate the initial use of double J stents in gynaecological ureteric injury. This approach is simple and may cure the fistula. If it is unsuccessful, subsequent reimplantation is not hindered.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Emergency surgery for complicated diverticular disease. A five-year experience.

Ninety-three patients who underwent surgery were studied retrospectively over a five-year period for complications of diverticular disease, including free perforation in 32 patients (with fecal peritonitis in 8), inflammation or peritonitis in 22 patients, an abscess in 11 patients, and intestinal obstruction in 14 patients. Sixty-eight patients (73 percent) had systemic symptoms and signs consistent with serious sepsis. There has been a growing popularity of the Hartmann procedure throughout the study period. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 10.8 percent. Because of a high proportion of poor-risk patients, the Hartmann group fared particularly badly compared with those who had other operations, with a 28 percent mortality rate, 69 percent incidence of major complications, and one third of the survivors having a permanent colostomy. Other operative procedures are discussed, but until prospective data become available, it is unlikely that the widespread popularity of the Hartmann procedure will decline. Therefore, the importance of meticulous attention to technical detail is stressed if results are to improve.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Injuries to pedestrians in road traffic accidents.

Although there have been many reports on injuries to occupants of cars in road traffic accidents, there have been few prospective studies of injuries to pedestrians in such accidents. For this reason a two year prospective study of pedestrians in road traffic accidents in the Oxford region was carried out. The incidence of death in pedestrians was significantly higher than in car occupants or motorcyclists. The principal determinant of death was the weight of the vehicle concerned. The most common site of injury was the head because of a high incidence of brief concussion, but the most common site of serious injuries was the leg. Injuries to all regions of the body increased with age and with the weight of the vehicle in the collision. Accidents most often concerned young children or the elderly.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1980

A new haemolysin from Staphylococcus aureus which lyses horse erythrocytes.

A new haemolysin from Staphylococcus aureus produced opaque zones of haemolysis on horse blood agar but did not lyse equine erythrocytes suspended in phosphate-buffered saline. The haemolysin was not neutralized by normal rabbit serum and was distinct from alpha-, beta- and delta-haemolysins as well as human leucocidin. Partially purified preparations produced erythema when injected intradermally into rabbit skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Neutralisation of immunologically distinct staphylococcal delta haemolysins by antibodies.

Antibodies against delta-haemolysin from Staphylococcus strain CN4108 (Newman) did not neutralise delta-haemolysin from the canine strain of S. aureus CN7450 to the same extent as delta-haemolysin prepared from S. aureus strain CN4108. This is additional evidence for the immunological distinctness of delta-haemolysin from these two S. aureus strains of human and canine origin.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1978

Purification and characterization of an immunologically distinct delta-hemolysin from a canine strain of Staphylococcus aureus.

Culture supernatants of 26 strains of Staphylococcus aureus possessing delta-hemolytic activity have been tested by immunodiffusion against a serum raised against purified delta-hemolysin from S. aureus CN 4108 (Newman D2). Supernatants from 14 strains of canine origin gave a reaction of partial identity with delta-hemolysin from CN 4108, whereas supernatants from all other strains had full identity. Delta hemolysin from one of these canine strains, CN 7450, was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and precipitation at pH 4.5. The physical, chemical, and biological properties of this toxin were compared with those of delta-hemolysin from CN 4108. Differences in molecular weight (as judged by Sepharose 6B chromatography), isoelectric point, and amino acid composition were found. Both toxins caused dermonecrosis in rabbits, lysed erythrocytes from several different species, and were inhibited by normal sera and phospholipids. Unlike delta-hemolysin from CN 4108, the hemolytic activity of delta-hemolysin from CN 7450 was found to be dependent on the incubation temperature over the range of 25 to 37 degrees C. Immunodiffusion results obtained with antisera raised against purified delta-hemolysin from CN 7450 indicated that delta-hemolysins from the canine strains were probably identical and confirmed that these differ immunologically from delta-hemolysin from CN 4108.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Strain related infectivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for the guinea-pig subcutaneous chamber and the variability of the immune resistance in different breeds of guinea-pig.

The ability of gonococci to infect the subcutaneous chamber in guinea-pigs is strictly strain related. This ability was usually present in prototrophic strains and auxotrophs requiring proline only which were obtained from patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea, but it was invariably absent in Neisseria gonorrhoeae auxotypes requiring arginine, uracil, and hypoxanthine, or arginine only for growth. All the strains obtained from disseminated gonococcal infections (all dependent upon arginine, uracil, and hypoxanthine) were unable to infect the guinea-pig chamber. Hence, the high invasiveness of N. gonorrhoeae for man and its infectivity for guinea-pig chambers appear to be unrelated properties. Although guinea-pigs of the same origin (Dunkin-Hartley) were used throughout, the degree of immune resistance was found to differ between the lines supplied by various breeders--that is, after a standard immunisation schedule using whole cell gonococcal vaccines, the homologous immune resistance to challenge varied from weak or non-existent in some lines, to highly resistant in others.

Animals↗