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Biomedical subjects

W H Stone

Publications and source records attributed to W H Stone.

78 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Blood groups in a marsupial (Monodelphis domestica).

We produced alloimmune sera against erythrocytes of the marsupial, Monodelphis domestica. By absorption fractionation, six operationally monospecific blood typing reagents (hemolysins) were prepared. Using segregation analyses, we found that each reagent detects a blood group antigen controlled by an autosomal dominant gene. With the description of these genetic markers, the utility of M. domestica as an animal model is enhanced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplacental alloimmunization to fetal erythrocytes in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Evidence of transplacental immunization in rhesus monkeys was obtained by testing postpartum sera from 252 females for antierythrocyte agglutinins. One-third of the sera contained antibodies reactive with the mates' or the newborns' cells. Fetal erythrocytes were detected in the maternal circulation as early as 8 weeks after conception and as late as 12 days postpartum. Maternal antibodies were detected as early as 2 months after conception and persisted for more than 3 weeks postpartum. It was concluded that the fetal cells stimulated antibody production. Several features of transplacental immunization differ between rhesus monkeys and humans. A parity effect was not observed in rhesus. In fact, 33% of primiparous rhesus females produced antibodies. Also, several of the different allogeneic blood group factors appeared to be immunogenic but differed in immunopotency. Finally, direct antiglobulin tests indicated that erythrocytes of 11% of newborns were coated with maternal antibodies. Nevertheless, in contrast to humans, hemolytic disease was not observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in American A.I.D. practice during the past decade.

We conducted a survey of donor artificial insemination (AID) practices within the United States. The survey document was sent to 360 practitioners listed by national infertility organizations as performing AID. In addition, we queried 100 practices that had responded to a similar survey in 1978. AID was actually performed during the survey year by 167 of the 282 respondents. Relatively few practices (23%) inseminated more than 10 patients per month. Donor payments increased from a mean of $25 to $40 over that period. A significant increase in the use of frozen semen was found. A majority of practices (52%) used a combination of basal body temperature and urinary LH to time inseminations. The fraction of practitioners who inseminated unmarried women increased substantially since the previous survey. The maximum number of pregnancies resulting from a single donor has not changed over the decade. However, on the average, a single donor is fathering fewer children. The percentage (39%) of practices that inseminate women because of genetic disease in the husband's family has remained about the same. Records of donors and AID children were maintained by 40% of the respondents, representing no change from the previous survey. Our data suggest that as many as 23,400 infants may have resulted from AID conceptions during the survey year. Further changes in the practice of AID can be expected as a result of the 1988 federal recommendations that all donor inseminations be undertaken with cryopreserved, quarantined semen.

Congenital Abnormalities↗