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Biomedical subjects

W H Kim

Publications and source records attributed to W H Kim.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Efficacy of polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid in the treatment of chronic active hepatitis B.

In order to assess whether polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid [poly(A).poly(U)] can be used as a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, 19 patients with histologically proven chronic active hepatitis B were injected intravenously with 100-150 mg of poly(A).poly(U) weekly for six weeks. Changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2'.5'-AS) activities and HBV markers were sequentially checked during and after treatments. Serum ALT levels were decreased gradually and 2'.5'-AS activities were significantly increased after initiation of poly(A).poly(U) injections. At the end of this trial (24th week) we have observed the normalizations of elevated ALT levels in 14 (73.7%), negative conversion of HBeAg in 11 (57.9%) and loss of HBV-DNA in 12 out of 19 patients (63.1%). Complete responses which had both normalization of ALT levels and negative conversion of HBeAg were noted in 11 patients (57.9%) and partial responses showing either normalization of ALT levels or negative conversion of HBeAg alone were in four out of 19 patients (21.1%). No notable adverse effects were observed during the treatments and follow-up period. It can be concluded that poly(A).poly(U) seems to be effective in the treatment of chronic active hepatitis B and has an advantage of being free of significant side effects.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of immunomodulative effects of histamine-2 receptor antagonists in gastric cancer patients: focus on the lymphoblastogenesis and cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

A proposed mechanism of the immunomodulative effects of histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2-RA) has been considered to be the inhibition of suppressor T-lymphocyte activity, an increase in interleukin-2 production of helper T-lymphocytes, and an enhancement of natural killer cell activity. Since there is a lack of comparative data about the immunomodulative effects of various H2-RAs, cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), study of the comparison of the actions of H2-RA will be required. We compared the immunomodulative effect of each H2-RA on PBMC in patients with gastric cancer. DNA synthesis, cytotoxicity of PBMC against K562 cells and gastric cancer cell lines, and the levels of supernatant soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were measured after the addition of each H2-RA, respectively. Increased suppressor cell activities were attenuated and restored to the levels of normal controls by the addition of cimetidine to H2-RA. Statistically significant lymphoblastogenesis and cytotoxicity against K562 cells were observed only in cimetidine-treated PBMC (P < 0.05). Such effects were not observed in ranitidine- or famotidine-treated PBMC. Neither cimetidine- nor ranitidine-activated activated PBMC showed any significant cytotoxicity against gastric cancer cells. Significantly increased levels of sIL-2R were found in supernatants obtained from culture flasks treated with cimetidine or ranitidine and phytohemagglutinin (P < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between the cytotoxicity of cimetidine- or ranitidine-treated PBMC and supernatant sIL-2R (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the most strongly modulative substance among H2-RAs was cimetidine and the least modulative drug was famotidine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of bromodeoxyuridine and proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling in gastric carcinoma.

The proliferative activity of human gastric carcinoma was measured by means of in vitro incorporation of the thymidine analogue, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), into the newly-synthesized DNA of fresh tumors and immunohistochemical staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) using avidin-biotin peroxidase method. Eighty-two cases of surgically resected human gastric carcinomas consisting of 18 various histologic types were subjected to study. The mean BrdU labelling index (LI) and PCNA LI were 22.9% and 39.1%, respectively. The correlation between BrdU LI and PCNA LI was statistically significant (correlation coefficient mu = 0.61334, p = 0.0001). We concluded that immunohistochemical staining for PCNA may become a practical method instead of in vitro or in vivo BrdU labeling to assess the proliferation fraction of the gastric cancer patient.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Modulation of transglutaminase expression in rat skeletal muscle by induction of atrophy and endurance training.

The persistence of muscle fiber number regardless of size reduction in muscle atrophy has not yet been fully explained. For the mechanism inherent in skeletal muscle tissues for preventing cellular death, the protective function of muscle tissue through transglutaminases has been tested, since the enzyme is responsible for structural stabilization and participates in signal transduction. In the present experiment, hindlimb suspension for two weeks caused a marked muscle atrophy in Wistar female rats. Comparison of muscle weight and histological analysis showed that suspension-induced atrophy in the hindlimb was more prominent in the soleus muscle, comprised mainly of type I fiber than that in the plantaris muscle of type II fibers. The immunohistochemical analysis with antitransglutaminase C antibody (anti TGase C Ab) showed that some atrophic bundles of soleus muscle were positively reacted with the antibody. The anti-TGase C Ab-reactive substances were observed to disappear significantly after endurance exercise, indicating their characteristic atrophy-dependency. The enzymatic analysis of transglutaminase showed the increase in activity in the atrophic soleus muscle tissue, compared with that in the normal or exercise-trained muscle tissues. From these results, the expression of TGase in the atrophic muscle is suggested to be the possible marker for muscle atrophy and its expression is probably related with the protective mechanism of the muscle tissue to prevent further cellular damage in the atrophic process.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The mechanism of antiproliferative effect of desferrioxamine on human hepatoma cell lines.

We investigated the effect of desferrioxamine (DFO), an iron chelator, on the DNA synthesis and the cell cycle of cultured hepatoma cells. Using Hep 3B cells as the hepatoma cell lines, DNA synthesis was measured by [3H] thymidine incorporation, and the cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry including bivariate DNA/BrdU analysis. [3H] thymidine uptake was decreased by DFO in a dose dependent manner. The proportion of S phase cells increased and that of G0/G1 phase cells decreased after the addition of DFO in the culture media in a dose dependent manner up to 20 micrograms/ml of DFO. The S phase duration of the exponentially proliferating Hep 3B cells was 9.9 hours when cultured without DFO, but it was markedly prolonged (54.1 hours) after the addition of 20 micrograms/ml of DFO. After removal of DFO from the culture media following 24 hours of incubation with 20 micrograms/ml of DFO, a sequential increase from early through mid and late-S to G2/M phase was observed. In conclusion, the antiproliferative effect of DFO on cultured human hepatoma cell lines was caused by the inhibition of DNA synthesis which was related to a block in the early-mid S interface or mid S phase of the cell cycle.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1994

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome.

We report three cases of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS). The diagnosis was established according to histopathologic criteria. But, the initial clinical diagnosis was carcinoma, non-specific ulcer and localized proctitis respectively. SRUS is considered as one of functional disorder in pelvic floor which might go underdiagnosed due to unfamiliar concept in Korea. So we should consider SRUS to be one of the differential diagnosis in cases of complaining anorectal symptoms.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

The alterations of cellular metabolism in the contralateral testis following spermatic cord torsion in rats.

Cellular metabolic study was performed on the contralateral testis after torsion to delineate early testicular changes. In 9-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats the left testicle was rotated and fixed to the scrotum for 3, 8 and 24 hours in 3 groups (I, II and III). Each group was divided into 3 subgroups (a, b and c) by the length of detorsion of 0, 4 hours and 14 days. We measured adenosine triphosphate, total adenosine nucleotides and adenylate energy charge of the contralateral testis by high performance liquid chromatography. Compared to controls, no subgroups showed differences in the histological parameters. Also in subgroups Ia, Ib, Ic and IIa none of the metabolic parameters were significantly altered. However, subgroups IIb and IIc, and group III and its subgroups showed significantly decreased levels of all metabolic parameters. Therefore, it appears that unilateral testicular torsion (greater than 8 hours) and detorsion affect the contralateral testicular metabolism without gross histological changes in rats, and these changes seem to be reversible in terms of cellular recoverability because the maximally decreased level of adenylate energy charge among all subgroups is only 13% compared to controls. These findings suggest that some systemic mechanisms rather than an immunological or local inflammatory process is involved in this early period after torsion.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1993

Patterns of p53 expression in phyllodes tumors of the breast--an immunohistochemical study.

Authors performed an immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibody to p53 protein on 15 cases of benign and malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast along with a review of other conventional clinicopathological parameters to investigate the meaning of p53 expression. The cases were composed of 8 benign and 7 malignant lesions. The pattern of p53 expression showed a statistically significant difference between these benign and malignant lesions (p < 0.005). None of the benign cases expressed p53 whereas 6 out of 7 malignant cases did. Among malignant phyllodes tumors, the pattern of expression was diffuse and strong in two cases while granular and relatively weak in the remaining 4 cases. p53 expression seemed to be a unique feature of malignant phyllodes tumors, thereby, one of the most significant parameters for the differentiation of benign and malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Turnover of biliary epithelial cells in Clonorchis sinensis infected rats.

We performed bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) staining to observe the proliferation pattern of epithelial cells on the biliary mucosa in Clonorchis sinensis infection. Albino rats were infected with 100 metacercariae each and their livers were processed for histopathological observation after BrdU injection. Five to six sites in the liver of a rat were selected for paraffin section, and stained immunohistochemically to visualize BrdU incorporating cells. The flukes were mainly in the common bile duct and right or left hepatic bile ducts. The proportion of stained epithelial cells in the infected bile ducts where the worms were found on the section was 2.9-10.2% at 1 week after infection, 7.3-12.8% at 2 weeks, 7.3-13.4% at 5 weeks, and 8.4-14.8% at 15 weeks while in the non-infected ducts 0 to 2.7% cells were stained. The stained cells were mainly at the base of the mucosal layer. It is suggested that mucosal epithelial cells of the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis become hyperplastic mainly by direct and local stimulation of the worms.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of anticancer drugs and desferrioxamine in combination with radiation on hepatoma cell lines.

Several anticancer chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cisplatinum) and desferrioxamine, an iron chelator, were tested with regard to cytotoxicity and to the combined effect on radiation induced cell killing using two human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5). Survival fractions were measured by quantitative colorimetric assay (MTT assay) and dose-response curves were plotted. MTT assay could be successfully used in the assessment of radiosensitivity in addition to chemosensitivity, because a good linear relationship between optical densities and cell numbers was observed and cells approached exponential growth for the first 7 days of culture when 5 x 10(3) or less cells were inoculated per well in our study. Steepness of the final slope (D0), width of the shoulder (D0) and the extrapolation number (n) of radiation survival curves were 1061.72 rad, 226.43 rad and 1.25 respectively in HepG2 and 1091.38 rad, 268.42 rad and 1.29 respectively in PLC/PRF/5. After combining anticancer chemotherapeutic agents and desferrioxamine with radiation, the widths of the shoulders were decreased whereas sensitizer enhancement ratios were increased as the concentration of drugs increased in both cell lines. These results suggest that neither anticancer chemotherapeutic agents nor desferrioxamine enhance cell killing induced by radiation alone, but suggested the possibility that they inhibit the repair of radiation damage.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic liver diseases.

To investigate the prevalence of point mutation in the pre-core (pre-C) region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, we performed dot blot hybridization and sequencing of enzymatically amplified HBV DNA from the sera of 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and 32 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases. The pre-C region of HBV DNA was successfully amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 55 (96.5%) of 57 sera. According to the status of serum HBeAg, HBV DNA was amplified from all 25 sera of HBeAg-positive patients and 30 (93.8%) of 32 sera of HBeAg-negative patients. All amplified DNA from the sera of 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and that from 28 (93.3%) of 30 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases hybridized with the wild type probe. In addition, that from 5 (20.0%) among 25 patients with HBeAg-positive and 16 (53.3%) among 30 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases hybridized also with the mutant type probe. These results suggest that the prevalence of point mutation in the pre-C region of HBV DNA is relatively high in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic liver diseases and further study is mandatory to identify the significance of this mutation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Effect of polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid on cellular responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic active hepatitis B.

We have investigated in vitro proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and productions of interferon-gamma and soluble interleukin-2 receptors by these cells from 6 patients with chronic active hepatitis B immediately before and 24 hours after a single intravenous injection of 100 mg of polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid. Cell proliferations were assessed by the technique of tritiated-thymidine incorporation and productions of interferon-gamma and soluble interleukin-2 receptors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The administration of polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid to the patients has resulted in significant increases of in vitro proliferations of their peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as productions of interferon-gamma by these cells. However, in vitro productions of soluble interleukin-2 receptors were not changed significantly. These results suggest that the enhanced cellular responses by polyadenylic.polyuridylic acid might be due to the increased sensitivity rather than the increased expression of cellular interleukin-2 receptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The changing patterns of liver abscess during the past 20 years--a study of 482 cases.

The diagnostic and treatment modalities of liver abscess have developed rapidly over the past few years but morbidity and mortality has not been markedly reduced. A total of 482 cases of liver abscess admitted to the Yonsei Medical Center over the past 20 years (Jan. 1971-Dec. 1990) were divided into 261 cases from the 1970s and 221 cases from the 1980s and the clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed comparatively to determine if the clinical features, therapies and prognosis of liver abscess had changed. The proportion of amebic relative to pyogenic liver abscess decreased. Transbiliary infections increased in pyogenic liver abscess of the 1980s. Clinical signs such as jaundice and hepatomegaly and symptom duration before admission decreased. Abnormal laboratory features including hypoalbuminemia and elevation of alkaline phosphatase decreased and increased, respectively, in the 1980s. Ultrasonically guided percutaneous aspiration was the choice of treatment instead of surgical drainage in the 1980s. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances in the management of liver abscess, the prognosis has not improved in the 1980s as compared to the 1970s. This may reflect an increase in the incidence of liver abscess in old aged patients and patients with diabetes mellitus or underlying malignancy in the 1980s.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A case of intestinal capillariasis in the Republic of Korea.

In 1991, we observed a Korean man infected by Capillaria philippinensis who had no history of traveling in known endemic areas. He had year-long diarrhea with severe loss of body weight. He enjoyed hunting and fishing and eating raw meat of game animals and fish. An open full-thickness biopsy of the ileum showed flat mucosal surface and sections of the round worm, and fecal examination revealed numerous elliptical helminth eggs. The worms and eggs were consistent with features of C. philippinensis. He was treated with albendazole and was cured. This is the first known case of intestinal capillariasis in the Republic of Korea.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Duplex Doppler US in patients with medical renal disease: resistive index vs serum creatinine level.

The relationship between resistive index of arterial Doppler waveform of the native kidney and serum creatinine level has been studied using duplex Doppler sonography in 40 patients with medical renal disease and 28 normal controls. The resistive index of the normal control group and the medical renal disease group was 0.627 +/- 0.042 and 0.823 +/- 0.237, respectively, with statistically significant difference. In the group with medical renal disease, there was a statistically significant correlation between the resistive index and the level of serum creatinine. The study suggests that duplex Doppler sonography may be helpful in evaluation of renal functional status in patients with medical renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Localized form of colitis cystica profunda--a case of occurrence in the descending colon.

An unusual localization of localized colitis cystica profunda in a 31-year-old man is described. The patient presented as anal bleeding and a protruding mass at the descending colon; the mass was polypoid and was made up of papillary epithelial hyperplasia with downward herniation of glands into the submucosa. Only one similar case involving a descending colon has been reported in the world literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prognostic significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive growth fraction in gastric adenomas.

The proliferative activity of gastric adenomas from 18 patients (42 endoscopic procedures) was compared with follow-up results. These cases were gastric adenomas proven by follow-up with repeated endoscopic procedures for more than 2 years, or were confirmed as gastric adenocarcinoma thereafter by histopathologic examination. Among the eighteen cases, nine showed carcinoma in the subsequent biopsies (group 1) and the remaining nine did not result in carcinoma (group 2). The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positivity rates of the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.01). The average PCNA positivity in group 1 was 33.1%, while it was 10.0% in group 2. The risk of developing carcinoma increased as the PCNA positivity increased: 0% in the low PCNA positivity group, 41% in the mid-positivity group and 89% in the high positivity group. We concluded that growth fraction could be taken into account as one of the most important prognostic factors for gastric adenoma, and accordingly repeated endoscopic biopsies with close follow-up should be carried out especially in the high PCNA positivity group.

Adenoma↗