Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W H Davis.
The superior peroneal retinaculum is thought to be the primary restraint to subluxation and/or dislocation of the peroneal tendons as they pass posterior to the distal fibula. The descriptions in anatomy texts vary widely. This anatomical study describes the different patterns of insertions for the superior peroneal retinaculum and its relationship to the peroneal tendons and the ligaments of the lateral ankle.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Osseointegrated implants placed prior to maxillary downgrafting were utilized to stabilize the repositioned maxilla and interpositional bone graft. Eleven-month follow-up revealed complete healing of the 1.5-cm osteotomy gap and no maxillary relapse. Implant stabilization may be one solution to the relapse associated with inferior repositioning of the maxilla.
Patients with terminal cancer may have a series of severe and dehumanizing physical and psychologic symptoms. To improve symptom control in the final days and hours of life, we administer intravenous barbiturates continuously to provide heavy sedation or continuous somnolence. Titrated dosage is then reduced to a minimum, after a desired steady-state has been achieved. Improved symptom control is provided, and the patient's dignity is maintained until death.
We studied the occurrence, magnitude, and kinetics of bacteremia and the resultant osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in an avian model of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Thirty-day-old male broiler chicks were inoculated i.v. with 10(5), 10(6), or 10(7) cfu of strain Duntravis, a beta-hemolytic, coagulase-producing, capsular type 8 isolate from the synovial fluid of a 2-year-old black boy. Bacteremia occurred in 80%, 90%, and 100% of animals inoculated with 10(5), 10(6), or 10(7) cfu, respectively. The magnitude of bacteremia in surviving, bacteremic animals increased for 96 hours after inoculation and then decreased after a plateau phase. Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis occurred only in chicks that were continuously bacteremic. The occurrence of osteomyelitis was uniform among continuously bacteremic animals and developed 1 to 23 hours after inoculation. Chickens are susceptible to systemic infections with S. aureus. Bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and septic arthritis may be induced in healthy chickens without prior manipulations that depress their resistance.
Reconstruction of the severely resorbed mandible has long been a problem. Restoration of function and strength has been impaired by the lack of long-term retention of various bone grafting modalities. The use of hydroxyapatite as a scaffolding material to prolong the retention of grafted bone may hold promise of longer term strengthening by bone grafts. To allow the use of osseointegrated implants with this HA-bone grafting, porous HA (Interpore 200) was used in two patients. Although the 1- and 2-year follow-up of these patients is encouraging, further investigation is needed.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Twenty-three patients who had undergone advancement genioplasty were evaluated an average of over 3 years postsurgically for bone and soft tissue stability. Traced serial cephalometric radiographs revealed no discernible bony remodeling from gnathion to the menton region. Six cases showed minor posterior shifting of the inferior border segment. Although good correlation existed between hard and soft tissue movement, minor soft tissue variation occurred without obvious correlation to bony remodeling.
A problem that has limited orthodontic treatment is lack of buccal-lingual alveolar width into which teeth can be moved. Causes may range from surgical obliteration to physiologic constriction after tooth removal. Lack of buccal-lingual alveolar width does not have to be an orthodontic limitation anymore. A technique used routinely to graft alveolar clefts can remedy this problem. Autogenous cancellous bone is placed subperiosteally on the buccal aspect of the constricted edentulous space. The flap is closed over the bone. The adjacent teeth may be orthodontically moved into the grafted edentulous area in approximately 6 weeks. Long-term follow-up has revealed excellent orthodontic stability, periodontal health, and dental vitality. A case report of one patient with loss of buccal-lingual alveolar space is presented. It is concluded that loss or lack of sufficient buccal-lingual alveolar width no longer must be an orthodontic limiting factor.
Nineteen patients who had autologous rib grafts for mandibular augmentation were monitored for six to 13 years to evaluate the rate of resorption as a function of time. Data were collected from panoramic radiographs that were corrected for distortion. The findings indicated that rapid resorption occurs during the first two years after grafting and decreases markedly thereafter. Although some prolonged benefits resulted from the procedure, it was concluded that it is not an ideal solution to the problem of ridge augmentation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
This first of two articles describes a modified distolingual splitting technique for removal of impaction of various classes. The second article evaluates the efficacy of the technique by reporting and comparing the incidence of postoperative sequelae with earlier research findings. In this technique, the lingual soft tissue is not separated from the bone. In addition, the fragmented lingual bone attached to the periosteum is not removed. The procedure is best performed with the patient under sedation or general anesthesia.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
This modification of the LeFort I osteotomy places the horizontal bony cut higher and into the dense cortical bone of the maxillozygomatic complex. It gives greater stability and also provides a more solid bony base for intraosseous wiring of the mobilized segment. This usually eliminates the need for dento-osseous or maxillomandibular fixation, and the segments appear to solidify more quickly. Over the last year, we have used this technique in 23 cases (four maxillary advancements, seven one-piece maxillary intrusions, and 12 segmental maxillary intrusions) with very favorable results. This modification has given us greater control and stability, especially in combined maxillary and mandibular osteotomies.
A pilot study was undertaken to determine the effect, if any, of alteration of the suprahyoid muscles on mandibular growth in the marmoset. It was postulated that releasing the attachment of the digastric and geniohyoid muscles at their junction with the mandible might produce a growth change in the rotation pattern of mandibular growth. Similarly, shortening these muscles might produce a different but significant growth change. Ten animals were used, five of which were controls. Two animals had their suprahyoid muscles sectioned, and three others had their suprahyoid muscles shortened by plication. The animals were examined with cephalometric radiographs at the commencement of the experiment and at specific intervals thereafter until they reached maturity (approximately 1 1/2 years of age). The results indicate that releasing the digastrics and the suprahyoids at the mandible causes no significant change in the length of the mandible. Shortening of the suprahyoids through plication, however, appears to result in a notable change in the mandible and possibly the face. This study suggests that further research in this area may be fruitful in producing a primate model with a' retruded genial area or a tongue protrusion by plication or otherwise shortening the suprahyoid muscles.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.